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1. When was gold discovered in California?
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2. Who first discovered gold in California?
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Gold Rush Study Guid

Questions 1-26

QuestionAnswer
1. When was gold discovered in California? January 1848
2. Who first discovered gold in California? James Marshall
3. Where was gold first discovered in California? Sutter’s Mill, American River
4. Why did Sam Brannan announce that gold had been found in the American River? He wanted to sell shovels to eager miners
5. Where were many of the first miners from? Californios from other parts of California and California Indians
6. About how many people joined the California Gold Rush in 1849? About 80,000
7. What were the ways that people learned about the discovery of gold? Sam Brannan, newspapers, President Polk’s speech
8. What were the three routes that forty-niners took to California? Overland, Sea, Sea and Land combined
9. What route was the most popular? Why? Land because it was the least expensive
10. What was the fastest route? Why? Panama route because it combined the sea and land
11. What were some of the problems the travelers faced on the different routes? See the “routes” booklet
12. How many people came to California between 1848 and 1854? About 300,000
13. Who were some of the immigrants, people who leave one country to live in another, that added to California’s diversity during this time? China, Mexico, Chile, Spain, Russia
14. How did miners use pans to separate gold from mud and gravel? They let the heavier gold settle in pans after the lighter sand and soil were poured off
15. Why did miners use rockers and long toms? These technologies let the miners separate more gold from rock and dirt faster
16. What happened to the availability of gold after several years? The gold in streams and rivers was mostly gone in a few years and miners had to use new methods to get gold
17. What technologies did the miners begin using after gold in streams and rivers was gone? Hydraulic mining using powerful jets of water to break up rocks and soil, tunnels, gunpowder
18. What were some difficulties of life in mining camps? Few places to buy food, crude shelters and tents, fires in crowded mining camps, discrimination
19. How did discrimination affect the lives of Chinese, Mexican, and California Indian miners? California Indians were paid less than other less skilled miners, attacks forced Chinese and African-American miners into separate camps, in many camps people worked and lived peacefully
20. What happened to the population of California between 1848 and 1852? The population went from about 30,000 to almost 300,000
21. Why did many businesses boom during the Gold Rush? Many people arrived and bought goods and services
22. What were some of the types of businesses that sold things to miners? Shops sold food, tools, blankets, clothes, and services such as laundries and blacksmiths were provided
23. Why were prices high in the mining towns? There was a high demand for goods and services because mining towns were far from places that sold goods more cheaply
24. How and why did the business of mining change over time? When most to the surface gold was gone, businesses got land, bought equipment, and hired workers to find the gold. Soon only big businesses could afford to stay in business.
25. What are three ways entrepreneurs earned money during the Gold Rush? Selling food, clothing, supplies. Running a hotel, restaurant, or laundry.
26. What kind of businesses did Ghirardelli, Strauss, Wakefield, and Wilson start? (candy, chocolates) (clothing, jeans) (pies) (hotel)
Created by: mrsnoda
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