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Unit #3 Westward Exp

Unit #3 Westward Expansion (Laura Hahn)

QuestionAnswer
The Alamo was a Spanish mission in San Antonio, Texas, that was the site of a famous battle of the Texas Revolution in 1836. All people in The Alamo were killed by Mexican forces led by Santa Anna.
Annexation is to incorporate into a country or other territory within the domain of another nation or state.
Authority is the right to enforce laws, exact obedience, command, determine, or judge.
The B&O (Baltimore and Ohio) Railroad was the first railroad in the United States. The B&O Railroad connected the Port of Baltimore to Western Maryland and promoted the expansion and growth in the West.
The Battle of San Jacinto was an overwhelming victory for rebels fighting to win independence for Texas. The defeat of Mexican forces led to the creation of the Republic of Texas.
Biography is an account of a life of a person.
Canal is an artificial waterway for navigation or for draining or irrigating land.
Cession means to turn over, to yield to another.
Communication is the process by which information is exchanged between individuals using a common system of symbols.
Competition is a rivalry between two or more businesses or nations striving for the same customer, market, or resource.
Copyright is a form of protection provided to the authors of “original works of authorship” including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works, both published and unpublished.
Cost(s) are the amount paid in order to purchase a good or service, or to achieve a goal.
Culture is a learned behavior of people, which includes their belief systems and languages, their social relationships, institutions or organizations, and their material goods – food, clothing, buildings, tools, and machines.
Davy Crockett was a legendary frontiersman and politician who died at The Alamo in 1836.
Diggings are places for excavation of precious stones, metals, or ore.
Environment is everything in and on Earth’s surface and its atmosphere within which organisms, communities, or objects exist.
Erie Canal runs from Albany to Buffalo, New York and was completed in 1825. It served to promote and grow trade moving from coastal areas to internal settlements.
Expansion is the policy of forceful or negotiated territorial acquisition.
Expressed powers are powers directly stated in the Constitution, in Article I, Section 8, Clause 1-18. Also known as the delegated or enumerated powers.
A fall line is a line connecting the waterfalls of nearly parallel rivers that marks a drop in land level.
The forty-niners were those taking part in the rush to California for gold in 1849.
The Gadsden Purchase of 1853 allowed the United States to obtain land from Mexico to build part of a RR, in what is today the southern portion of Arizona and New Mexico.
Geographic characteristics are physical and human characteristics of a place or region.
Human characteristics are traits used to describe the peoples of places, past and present; their religion, language, settlement patterns, economic activity, political system, and their modification of the environment.
Human-made features are a sub-category of human characteristics of places and regions that include features on the Earth’s surface constructed by people, including but not limited to villages, towns, cities, buildings, roads, airports, canals, dams, ports, bridges, monuments
Physical characteristics are traits that are used to describe the natural environment of a place. Physical or natural characteristics may be related to climate, vegetation, soil, landforms, and bodies of water.
Physical features are a subcategory of physical characteristics of places and regions derived from the physical environment, including but not limited to landforms and continents and bodies of water.
Geographic features are the physical and human-made features, which define the dimensions of the world in the study of people, places, and the environment.
Geographic tools are devices used to compile, organize, manipulate, store, report, or display geographic information; including maps, globes, graphs, diagrams, aerial and other photographs, satellite-produced images, geographic information systems, etc.
Gold is a precious metal that occurs chiefly free or in a few minerals and is used in coins, jewelry, and as a medium of exchange.
The Gold Rush involved the seekers of gold coming to California during the late 1840s, looking to capitalize on sudden wealth.
Implied powers are powers that are delegated to the national government that are suggested by the “necessary and proper” clause, to carry out the expressed powers listed in Article I, Section 8, of the United States Constitution.
Incentive(s) are things, such as the fear of punishment or the expectation of reward, that induces action or motivates effort.
Inherent powers are powers delegated to the national government simply because it is the national government. Certain powers naturally fall under the auspices and responsibility of the national government.
Invasion is the tactical movements of armed forces with the goal of conquest or plunder.
James Monroe leading Revolutionary figure and negotiator of the Louisiana Purchase. He was the fifth President, known for the Monroe Doctrine, which announced the United States’ influence in the Western Hemisphere.
James Polk was the eleventh president of the United States, well known for his support of Manifest Destiny through the successful settlement of the Oregon boundary dispute with Great Britain and the successful outcome to the Mexican-American War.
Jim Bowie was a frontiersman who joined the fight to save The Alamo from Mexican invasion. He became a legendary figure associated with bravery and heroism due to his actions. He was captured and killed by Santa Anna’s invading forces.
A key/legend is used to explain the symbols on a map.
Land use is determination of how land will be organized, owned, and/or utilized.
The Louisiana Purchase negotiated during the Presidency of Thomas Jefferson, doubled the size of the U. S. The purchased land from France included the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains.
Manifest Destiny was a mid-nineteenth century belief in the inevitability of the United States expansion to the Pacific Ocean.
A map is a representation, usually on a plane surface, of a region of the Earth.
A historical map represents events, occurrences, etc. from a chronological or sequential perspective.
A thematic map represents a specific topic; for example, population density, climate, growing season, grain production, transportation routes, and oil production.
Market economy is an economy in which decisions of what, how, and for whom are decided in markets through the interaction of buyers and sellers.
Meriwether Lewis was a former army captain selected by President Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase territory. He led the expedition that became known as the Lewis and Clark expedition.
The Mexican-American War (1846-1848) between the United States and Mexico, resulted in the cession by Mexico of lands now constituting all or most of the states of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado.
The Mexican Cession of 1848 also known as the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, officially ended the Mexican American War and forced Mexico to turn over much of its northern territory to the U.S.
Mexico City is the capital of Mexico.
Migration is the act or process of people moving from one place to another with the intent of establishing residency.
Forced or involuntary migration is when people move at the will of other people or by the force of nature.
Push-pull factors are the examples of purposeful migration of people from one place to another.
Push factors are those negative factors that force people to leave one area for another; they include poverty, unemployment, scarcity of resources, religious persecution, and/or political upheaval.
Pull factors are those positive factors that draw people to leave one area for another; they include a high standard of living, job opportunities, the promise of religious and/or political freedom, and the availability of resources.
Voluntary migration is when people choose to move.
Morse code is a system developed by Alfred Lewis Vail for the telegraph that used a certain combination of dots and dashes to represent each letter of the alphabet.
Movement is a geographical concept that involves the interaction across Earth that connects places. This interaction occurs with flows of human phenomena, such as goods, people, and ideas. The transfer of goods, people, and/or ideas from place to place.
Napoleon Bonaparte was the French dictator who negotiated the transfer of the Louisiana territory from France to the United States in the early 1800s.
The National Road was a government sponsored road engineered at the turn of the nineteenth century to promote travel to the interior of the United States through several states. The National Road begins in Cumberland, Maryland.
A natural hazard is a process or event in the physical environment that has consequences harmful to humans, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornados, and floods.
Natural resources are the renewable and non-renewable gifts of nature that can be used to produce goods and services, including but not limited to land, water, animals, minerals, trees, climate, soil, fire, seeds, grain, and fruits.
Negotiation is the act of conversing, orally or in writing, to find a solution to a problem or source of discord.
Opportunity cost is the foregone benefit of the next best alternative when an economic decision is made.
The Oregon Trail was a 2000 mile trail stretching through the Great Plains from western Missouri to the Oregon Territory. It became a major passage for pioneers heading west during the 1800s.
A patent is a property right granted by the Government of the United States of America to an inventor “to exclude others from making,offering for sale, or selling the invention in U.S. or importing the invention into the U.S.” for a limited time
To purchase is to make arrangements for the acquisition of goods, services, territory, etc.
Railroad is a permanent road having a line of rails fixed to ties and laid on a roadbed and providing a track for cars or equipment drawn by locomotives or propelled by self-contained motors.
Region is an area with one or more common characteristics of features, which give it a measure of homogeneity and make it different from surrounding areas.
The Rio Grande River establishes the border/boundary of Texas (United States) and Mexico.
Robert Fulton was an American engineer and inventor, who built the first commercially successful full-sized steamboat which led to the development of commercial steamboat ferry services for goods and people.
Robert Livingston along with James Monroe, negotiated the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France. Robert Livingston was the United States Ambassador to France.
Sacagawea was a Shoshone woman who along with her French fur trapper husband, accompanied and assisted Lewis and Clark on their exploration of the Louisiana Territory.
Sam Houston led the successful independence movement of the Republic of Texas by defeating Santa Anna’s forces at the Battle of San Jacinto. Sam Houston was elected President of Texas and worked towards the eventual annexation of Texas by the United States.
Samuel Morse was an American artist and inventor, who applied discoveries in electricity and magnetism to develop the telegraph.
Santa Anna was the Mexican general who led Mexico in its fight to prevent the independence of Texas. He later became President of Mexico.
Scarcity is the condition that results from the imbalance between relatively unlimited economic wants and the relatively limited resources, goods, and services available to satisfy those wants.
Seward’s Folly was the term applied to Secretary of State William Seward’s negotiated purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867.
The Spanish Cession of 1819 allowed for the negotiated exchange of land from Spanish control to that of the U. S. This land includes Florida, and portions of Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana.
A steamboat was a floating vehicle propelled by steam power that promoted trade on the waterways of the United States in the nineteenth century.
Stephen F. Austin was imprisoned for urging Texas statehood and independence, and later became Secretary of State of the Republic of Texas.
Telegraph is a machine perfected by Samuel Morse in 1832 that uses pulses of electric current to send messages across long distances through wires.
Texas Revolution was the uprising against Mexico that eventually led to the independence of Texas.
Thomas Jefferson was an American statesman, and member of two Continental Congresses, wrote the Declaration of Independence and one of its signers, and the third President of the United States. He is known for his negotiation of the purchase of the Louisiana Territory.
A trademark protects words, names, symbols, sounds, or colors that distinguish goods/services from those manufactured/sold by others and to indicate the source of the goods Trademarks, unlike patents, can be renewed forever as long as they are being used in commerce.
A treaty is a formal agreement between two or more sovereign states.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo also known as the Mexican Cession, officially ended the Mexican American War and forced Mexico to turn over much of its northern territory to the United States
Trail life describes how humans survived and managed life as they traveled west during the nineteenth century.
Transportation is the means of moving goods and people from one place to another. Examples include ship, railroad, airplane, etc.
The Transportation Revolution enabled the rapid growth in the speed and convenience of transportation during the nineteenth century.
War is a state of open, armed, often prolonged conflict carried on between nations, states, or parties.
William Clark was an American soldier and friend of Meriwether Lewis, who was invited to explore the Louisiana Purchase.
Winfield Scott was the United States general who commanded forces in the Mexican-American War.
York: was an African American guide who assisted Lewis and Clark as they explored the Louisiana Territory.*
Zachary Taylor Army officer in the Black Hawk War (1832) and the Second Seminole War (1835-1837), who became a national hero during the Mexican War (1846-1848) and was elected the 12th President of the United States in 1848.
Created by: lauhahn
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