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Gov Ch 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This ancient Greek scholar was one of the first students of government. | Aristotle |
| feature of all the states in today's world. | population, territory, government |
| a way the United States has extended its territory. | purchase, negotiation, war |
| This system of government gives all key powers to the national government. | unitary |
| A loose union of independent states is a | confederacy. |
| The effort to control or influence the conduct of government is called | politics. |
| one of Aristotle's classifications of governments. | autocracy, oligarchy, democracy |
| Any system of government in which rule is by the people is called | a democracy. |
| The form of democracy we have in this country is called | representative democracy. |
| Communist countries have a | command economy. |
| When the territory of both the nation and the state coincide, the country is a | nation-state. |
| This man's writings influenced the American revolutionaries. | John Locke |
| This system divides the power between the state and national governments. | federal |
| A plan that provides the rules for government is called a | constitution. |
| This study is concerned with a government's power and the rights of the citizens. | constitutional law |
| These nations are in the early stages of industry and technology. | developing nations |
| Any system of government in which a small group holds power is called | an oligarchy. |
| The Republicans and Democrats have developed in this country as the major | political parties. |
| The economic system in which freedom of choice is emphasized is | capitalism. |
| This man provided a philosophy for capitalism. | Adam Smith |
| the state evolved from family | evolutionary theory |
| social contract theorist | John Locke |
| plan for government | constitution |
| defines government power | constitutional law |
| king, queen, or emperor rules | monarchy |
| free market theorist | Adam Smith |
| United States system | mixed-market economy |
| wrote on communism | Karl Marx |
| characteristic of capitalism | freedom of choice |
| a civil society | helps democracy to prosper |
| supreme and absolute authority | sovereignty |
| origin of the state in family | evolutionary theory |
| one purpose of government | provide essential services |
| statement in the constitution | preamble |
| totalitarian dictatorship | a form of autocracy |
| United States government | representative democracy |
| requirement of democracy | majority rule |
| a hands-off attitude | laissez-faire |
| public ownership of most land | socialism |
| communism | command economy |
| wrote that in a "state of nature," no government existed and life was "cruel, brutish, and short." | Thomas Hobbes |
| In a(n) ____________________ system, the national government has the key powers and can create state and local governments. | unitary |
| The ____________________ to the Constitution sets forth the goals of the government. | Preamble |
| Karl Marx called workers who produce goods the ____________________. | proletariat |
| Karl Marx called owners of the means of production the ____________________. | bourgeoisie |
| Contrast the social contract theory of government with the divine right theory. What type of government would result from each theory? | social contract theory rulers serve the people & that government exists through the consent of the governed. Divine right holds that the right to rule comes from God. Democratic governments - social contract theory, divine right supports monarchy. |
| Explain how some features of capitalism tend to promote freedom and democracy. | The ideas of individual initiative—that each person knows what is best for himself or herself—and freedom of economic choice supports freedom of political choice. |
| What are the potential positive and negative effects of politics? | Politics is simply the effort to control or influence government. Politics can be positive by encouraging participation in government. A negative effect of politics would be special interests operating against the general welfare of the people. |
| Contrast the social contract theory of government with the force theory. What type of government would result from each theory? | social contract stresses govt. by common consent & rulers chosen to serve people. Force theory holds that govts were formed when rulers forced the people to cooperate some common task. Dem govts - social contract, force theory supp autocracy & oligarchy. |
| Why might the wealthy people of a poor country support an oligarchy when faced with a communist revolution in their country? | Oligarchies derive power from a wealth, military strength, &/or social position & exercise control over citizens. Wealthy people - degree of military support & govt control when faced with a movement that called for the redistribution of their wealth. |
| Compare who benefits from government decisions made in an autocracy with who benefits from government decisions made in a representative democracy. | In an autocracy, decisions are generally made in the best interests of the leader or the leadership group. In a representative democracy, elected leaders make decisions that benefit the majority of the people. |
| Explain why a free market economy would more likely be found in a democracy than in a totalitarian dictatorship. | a characteristic of totalitarian government is control of all aspects of social and economic life. |
| Are the rights and will of minorities better protected in a representative democracy, an autocracy, or an oligarchy? Explain. | democracy, in which the people elect representatives to serve their interests, protects minorities better than governments where power is in the hands of only a few. Some students may point out that oligarchies protect the minority group that holds power. |
| This term means a state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries. | sovereignty |
| This is the institution through which the state maintains social order. | government |
| a theory of the origin of the state. | divine right theory, social contract theory, evolutionary theory |
| American colonies declared their independence based on | John Locke's political writings. |
| Abraham Lincoln said that one of the important purposes of government is to | provide essential services. |
| This plan provides the rules for government. | constitution |
| This statement in the Constitution sets forth the goals and purposes to be served by the government. | Preamble |
| Defining the extent and limits of government power and rights of citizens is the purpose of | constitutional law. |
| You are taking part in this when you ask people to vote for school levies. | politics |
| The United States is an example of | an industrialized nation. |
| Totalitarian dictatorship is a form of this type of government. | autocracy |
| As in a dictatorship, these governments usually suppress political opposition. | oligarchies |
| The United States has this form of government. | representative democracy |
| In which form of government do individuals have the most freedom? | democracy |
| needed for democracy to prosper. | a social consensus, a civil society, “free” enterprise |
| Adam Smith provided a philosophy for this type of economic system. | ”free” market |
| In this type of economy, the government owns the basic means of production. | socialist |
| Critics claim that this type of economic system hinders economic growth. | socialist |
| The United States has this type of economic system. | mixed-market economy |
| Karl Marx believed that under this economic system one class would evolve. | communism |
| In the most stable states, the population shares a general political and social ____________________. | consensus |
| Population ____________________ has caused political power in the United States to shift from inner cities to suburban areas. | mobility |
| The United States has extended its boundaries through war, purchase, and ____________________. | negotiations |
| ____________________ means the willingness of citizens to obey the government. | Legitimacy |
| ____________________ is often the cause of conflict between the poor and rich in society. | Scarcity |
| ____________________ has an unwritten constitution based on laws, court decisions, and customs. | Great Britain |
| The Twenty-second Amendment limits the president to ____________________ elected terms. | two |
| Within a few years of ratifying the Constitution, ____________________ began to play key roles in elections. | political parties |
| ____________________ nations have advanced technology that provides a more comfortable life than developing nations do. | Industrialized |
| ____________________ corporations are huge companies with offices and factories in many countries. | Multinational |
| Japan’s government is a(n) ____________________. | constitutional monarchy |
| Laws in a representative democracy are enacted by a(n) ____________________ of the lawmakers in the legislature. | majority |
| Rival __________________ give voters a choice among candidates and simplify issues. | political parties |
| ____________________ gives people an opportunity to control their economic decisions and therefore to make political decisions. | ”Free” enterprise |
| ____________________ is the study of human efforts to satisfy unlimited wants with limited resources. | Economics |
| In a free enterprise economy, sellers ____________________ with one another to produce goods and services. | compete |
| A(n) ____________________ economy combines free enterprise and government decisions in the marketplace. | mixed-market |
| Sweden operates under a form of ____________________. | democratic socialism |
| Karl Marx interpreted history as a ____________________ between workers and owners. | class struggle |
| one of the first students of government | Aristotle |
| a political community | state |
| an independent state or country | nation |
| social contract | Thomas Hobbes |
| task of government | national security |
| national government has key powers | unitary system |
| loose union of independent states | confederacy |
| divides power | federal system |
| limited government | constitutional government |
| nations depending on one another | interdependence |
| ruled by one person | autocracy |
| ruled by a few persons | oligarchy |
| ruled by many persons | democracy |
| Democrats and Republicans | political parties |
| network of voluntary associations | civil society |
| ”free” enterprise system | capitalism* |
| a hands-off economy | laissez-faire |
| bourgeoisie | capitalists |
| proletariat | workers |
| command economy | communism |
Created by:
jchavez
Popular American Government sets