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Disease Final
Gram(-) Enteric Rods
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Humans are the only host for what bug? | Shigella |
| Live in GI tracts of animals, infect humans | salmonella, yersinia enterocolitis |
| Shigella, salmonella, yersinia, vibria considered flora or pathogens? | pathogens |
| anaerobid G(-) bacilli, fementation to generate energy, common fecal org | bacteroides fragilis |
| how are enteric bacilli grouped? | ability to ferment glucose |
| dark blude-black colonies with metallic sheen for vigorous fermentation of lactose produce green pigment for E.coli on what agar? | EMB |
| this agar inhibits G+ orgs, colonies producing glucose fementation show red on .... | MacConkey Agar |
| what does fecal WBC rather than exotoxin induced fluid loss indicate? | bacterial invasion of mucosa |
| G(-) rod, non lactose fermenter, produces H2S | salmonella |
| G(-) rod, non-motile, non lactose fermenter, no H2S, fecal-oral transmission | Shigella |
| what special media is needed to diagnose based on stool culture? | one that inhibits G(+) normal flora growth, divides colonies into +/- lactose fermenter |
| 4 y/o M, fecal WBC, occult stool, G(-) rod, nactose non-fermenter, non-motile, oxidase negative, non-spore forming | Shigella dysenteriae |
| mechanism of shigella damage | invasion of colonic mucosa, produce enterotoxin |
| characterized by degeneration of epithelium, inflammation, resulting desquamation/ulceration-> dysenteric stool | Shigella |
| 26 y/o AIDS with painful bloody diarrhea. Mac medium: G(-) fac anaerobic rod, ox negative, lactose negative, H2S negative, non-motile | shigella flexneri |
| G(-) rod that produces H2S | Salmonella |
| G(-) rod that ferments lactose | E. coli |
| produces NON bloody diarrhea | Vibrio |
| causes watery diarrhea, up to 1 L/hr, rice-water appearance; oxidase +, G(-) ferments glucose, not lactose | Vibrio cholera |
| 3 oxidase negative organisms | shigella, E. coli, salmonella |
| oxidase positive, noninvasive, significant fluid los, no pus, no RBC, no WBC | Vibrio cholera |
| most common type of watery diarrhea in travelers | Enterotoxigenic E. cloi |
| severe acute non-inflammatory watery diarrhea by toxin rather than invasion of epithelium | Vibria cholera (enterotoxin stimulates adenylate cyclase) |
| another name or diarrhea caused by vibrio cholera | secretory diarrhea |
| causes wound infections, gastroenteritis, "primary septicemia", from contaminated seafood, or open wound exposure to seawater | Vibrio vulnificus |
| invasive, affecting primarily the colon, coastal marine saltwater from undercooked searfod (sushi) | V. parahaemolyticus |
| G(-) bacilli caused inflamed leg in 42 y/o alcoholic liver dz, 3 days on the coast celebrating July 4th | V. vulnificus |
| bloody stool, G(-) bacilli, glucose and lactose fermenters, cat+, ox-, purple sheen to EMB | Escherichia coli (E. coli O157:H7) |
| major source of infection in undercooked ground beef, unpasteurized milk/juice, raw sprouts, lettuce, salami | E. coli O157:H7 |
| E.coli causes illness from mild intestinal disease to severe kidney complications called | hemolytic uremic sydrome |
| first response is bloody diarrhea, shiga like toxin kills endothelial cells, leading to breakdown of vessel lining caused by | E. coli O157:H7 |
| a fastidious lactose non-fermenting organism | campylobacter jejuni |
| Traveler's diarrhea, watery diarrhea due to decreased reabsorption of Na/Cl; increased secretion of Cl/HCO2 into lumen, H2O follows | Enterotoxogenic E. coli |
| Shiga-like toxin, diarrhea with WBCs/RBCs, fever, abd pain, similar to shigellosis | Enteroinvasive E. coli |
| 2 selective media that inhibits G(+) growth and aid in ID of G(-) enterics | EMB/MacConkey |
| G(-) bacilli, glucose and lactose fermenter, oxidase negative | E. coli |
| Motile, non-lactose fermenter, produces H2S, capsular virulence factor, from raw eggs, reptile pets, raw milke | salmonella |
| attacks ileocelal region, bacteremia, carrier state, type of fever dz | Salmonella typhi |
| inflammatory diarrhea from chicken; G(-) motile bacilli, ferments glucose, not lactose, Cat-, ox- | Salmonella |
| pt has crampy, periumbilical abd pain, OB negative, fecal eval: green, watery stool, occult negative, negative O&P, WBCs, grown at 42C: G(-) bacilli, oxidase + | Campylobacter jejuni |
| Microaerophilic, fastidious, Ox+, non-lactose fermenter, grows at 42C, common cause infectious/invasive diarrhea | Campylobacter |
| agar plate for lactose-fermenting G(-) pathogens, inhibiting G(+) growth | MacConkey's |
| produced watery diarrhea with cramps, low-grade fever, causative agent in isolated countries | Enterotoxogenic E.coli |
| protozoa causing traveler's diarrhea | Giardia duodenalis (giardiasis) |
| regular component of intestinal flora, standard indicator of fecal pullution, abx-resistant nosocomial pathogen | Enterococcus faecalis |
| cause abx-induced diarrhea or pseudomembranous colitis | Clostridium difficile |
| what is a predominant specied in the colon? | anaerobic, G(-) bacilli, BACTEROIDES FRAGILIS |
| Obligate anaerobe, G(-) rod, common fecal organism, normal flora, low virulence unless necrosis | Bacteroides fragilis |
| G(-) rod, non-enteric, rarely deadly, diarrhea, fecal-oral route, invades cells and lymph, enterotoxin, RBC/WBC in diarrhea | Yersinia enterocolitica |
| microaerophilic, not cultured, urease +, survives in stomach acid by creating ammonia, casue inflam changes -> gastritis; urease breath test can ID this organism | Helicobacter pylori |
| diarrhea, Abx-induced, overgrowth of this organixm, colitis, cramps, fecal leuks, pseudomembranes, toxin is ID'd, not easily cultured | Clostridium difficile |
| Secretory diarrhea, ingest heavily contam meats, poultry, legumes with heart-resistant spores | Clostridium perfringens |
| infantile botulism from Honey | Clost. botulinum |
Created by:
emtdan85
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