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Mycobacterium

Gram positive, Acid fast bacteria, Obligate Aerobic Intracellular

QuestionAnswer
Gram +, Acid fast bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobaterium bovis, Mycobacterium avium-intracllulare complex, Mycobacterium leprae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Labs Acid fast stain of sputum smear, CXR, PPD, Catalase +, Reduces nitrate
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Toxins Abundant peptide antigens; Survives acidic, alkaline, or drying condition and resists disinfectants; Can have isoniazid resistance
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Diseases Primary, Secondary, or Miliary Tuberculosis, Extra-pulmonary TB
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Treatment Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Transmission Respiratory droplets
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Vaccine BCG- not available in the U.S.
Mycobacterium bovis: Labs Acid fast stain of sputum smear, Sputum culture, CXR, Positive PPD
Mycobacterium bovis: Toxins Multiple peptide antigens; Survives acidic, alkaline, or drying conditions and resists disinfectants
Mycobacterium bovis: Diseases Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium bovis: Treatment Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide
Mycobacterium bovis: Transmission Ingestion of raw milk; respiratory droplets
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Labs Acid fast stain of sputum smear, Sputum cultures, CXR; PPD may be positive
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Toxins Opportunistic pathogen; Survive in acidic, alkaline, and drying conditions
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Diseases Pulmonary infections, especially in immunocompromised patients; Disseminates to every organ and can be fatal in months
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Treatment Rifampin, Ethambutol, Streptomycin
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Transmission Opportunistic infection
Mycobacterium leprae: Labs Lepromin skin test, Serology
Mycobacterium leprae: Toxins Capsule, Intracellular survival within skin histocytes and Schwann cells
Mycobacterium leprae: Diseases Tuberculoid Leprosy, Lepromatous Leprosy, Borderline Leprosy
Mycobacterium leprae: Treatment Dapsone, Rifampin, Clofazime
Mycobacterium leprae: Transmission Respiratory droplets, Close personal contact, Dermal trauma
Created by: vmed
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