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End of Year
Vocabulary Review for 5th Grade Social Studies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 13th Amendment | Freed slaves |
| 14th Amendment | Made African Americans citizens and gave equal protection |
| 15th Amendment | Allowed African Americans to vote (male citizens of all races) |
| Black Codes | Laws established in the South that put limits on what African Americans were allowed to do |
| Freedman’s Bureau | Federal agency that provided schools, hospitals, medical care, etc. to newly freed slaves |
| Jim Crow Laws | Enforced segregation of blacks and whites |
| Reconstruction | Rebuilding of the US after the Civil War |
| Segregation | Separation of people of different races |
| Sharecropping | System of farming where white farmer rents to a freedman who pays with crops he raises |
| Carpetbaggers | White Northerner who went South for political or economic reasons during Reconstruction |
| Scalawags | White Southerner who sympathized with the North during Reconstruction |
| Abraham Lincoln | 16th President/Led US during Civil War/Emancipation Proclamation/Reconstruction/Encouraged Transcontinental Railroad |
| Andrew Johnson | 17th President; president after Lincoln was shot; Reconstruction; impeached |
| Cattle Drive | Movement of cattle along the range (moving South to North) |
| Exodusters | African American pioneer who moved to the Great Plains after the Civil War |
| Frontier | An unexplored area (such as the Great Plains in the 1800s or even Space |
| Homestead Act | 160 acres of free land if willing to move to the Great Plains (male, head of household, etc.) |
| Pioneers | Early settler of a region |
| Sodbusters | Great Plains farmer who had to bust thru sod |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Railroad that crossed the continent |
| Battle of Wounded Knee | Last major conflict between the Native Americans and the United States Army – many Native Americans were massacred during the battle |
| Battle of Little Big Horn | Big victory for Native Americans; led to the US becoming tougher on Native Americans (also known as Custard’s Last Stand) |
| Allied Powers during WWI | United States, Great Britain, France, Russia, Serbia |
| Angel Island | A processing center for immigrants on the West Coast |
| Armistice | A cease-fire agreement |
| Central Powers during WWI | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
| Ellis Island | A processing center for immigrants on the East Coast |
| Entrepreneur | Someone who creates his/her own business |
| Fourteen Points | Woodrow Wilson’s plan for peace after WWI |
| Imperialism | A foreign policy where one country extends their rule over foreign countries (“I’m the boss of you |
| Isolationism | Only being concerned or focused on your country; staying out of political issues between other countries |
| League of Nations | Woodrow Wilson’s idea for various nations to come together to work things out peacefully. |
| Lusitania | A passenger ship that was sunk by the Germans; one of the events that brought the US toward World War I |
| Samuel Morse | Created Morse Code for the telegraph |
| Alexander Graham Bell | Invented the telephone |
| Thomas Edison | Invented the light bulb |
| Wright Brothers | Invented the airplane (tested at Kitty Hawk, NC) |
| Monopoly | When one business controls all aspects of the industry |
| Nationalism | A sense of pride in one’s country (we’re #1 |
| Panama Canal | Joins the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans instead of having to sail around the bottom of S. America. |
| Spanish-American War | Cuba rose up against Spanish rule. Battleship Maine blew up; was blamed on Spain. Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders quickly defeated the Spanish. (Puerto Rico, Guam and Philippines were not controlled by US. |
| Tenement | Apartments where large families lived in 1 or 2 rooms; became popular during in the Industrial Revolution due to the large number of immigrants moving into urban areas |
| Treaty of Versailles | A post-World War I treaty that made Germany pay large sums of money to the allies for causing World War I. |
| Urbanization | Mass movement from rural to city areas |
| Rural | Relating to the country (not the city) (often associated with farming/agriculture) |
| Yellow Journalism | Stretched truths, lies to sell newspapers |
| Theodore Roosevelt | 26th President; led the Rough Riders during Spanish-American war; Established national forests and parks—conservation |
| Woodrow Wilson | 28th President/ Led the U.S. during World War II |
| 21st Amendment | Repealed prohibition (18th Amendment) |
| Appeasement | Avoiding war by meeting the demands of a threatening nation |
| Assembly Line | A product is assembled in parts and passed on a line from one worker to another |
| Atomic Bomb | A bomb getting its destructive power from the release of nuclear energy |
| Civilian Conservation Corps | Part of FDR’s New Deal/Hired young men to build and maintain parks |
| Concentration Camps | A place where the Nazis sent mostly Jewish people to be killed during World War II |
| Dictator | A ruler with absolute power |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | Part of FDR’s New Deal/insures people’s deposits in banks |
| Great Depression | A period of economic decline (1930s) where there was extreme poverty and unemployment |
| Harlem Renaissance | A time when African-American art, music, and literature become very popular through America (especially in New York) |
| Internment Camps | During WWII, Japanese Americans were put in these “camps” after the attack on Pearl Harbor |
| Winston Churchill | British leader during World War II |
| Franklin Roosevelt | 32nd President/Created New Deal/led US during World War II |
| Adolf Hitler | Nazi dictator of Germany during World War II |
| Joseph Stalin | Communist dictator of the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) |
| Axis Powers during WWII | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| Allied Powers during WWII (major players) | United States, Great Britain, France, Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) |
| Prohibition | 18th Amendment - Prohibited the making, selling, and transporting of alcohol |
| Social Security Administration | Part of FDR’s New Deal; gives people monthly checks who cannot work or are retired |
| Albert Einstein | German-born physicist who told FDR about the possibility of atomic bombs |
| Cold War | Political tension between US & USSR 1950-1990 |
| Red Scare/McCarthyism | Suspicions by the US government Suspecting citizens of being Communist; sparked by Senator McCarthy |
| Containment | US policy to fight the spread of communism |
| United Nations | Organization of countries created after WWII to help solve disagreements & stop wars between nations |
| Berlin Wall | A wall built separating East and West Berlin (Communism & Democracy) |
| NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) | Created in 1949; a military alliance among 12 democratic nations (Western Europe, the United States, and Canada) that agreed to help each other if attacked by the Soviet Union |
| OPEC (Organization for Petroleum Exporting Countries) | An economic alliance that coordinates a set price and supply of petroleum products (oil) |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | Tension between the US and USSR in 1962 over nuclear missiles in Cuba |
| Arms Race | A competition between US & USSR during the Cold War to build up the largest supply of weapons and “nukes” |
| Sputnik 1 | 1st satellite launched in 1957 by USSR—sparked a great interest in science in the US |
| Suburb | Neighborhoods of similarly styled homes built near a city |
| Communism | A system of government where all good are equally distributed; government controls the economy |
| Capitalism | An economic system where goods & services are privately or corporately owned. (free enterprise) |
| Korean War | War between North and South Korea; North Korea invaded South Korea to spread communism (UN, including the United States, supported South Korea) |
| Vietnam War | US sent soldiers to South Vietnam to try and prevent the spread of communism from North Vietnam. |
| Brown v. Board of Education | Landmark case during the Civil Rights Movement that desegregated schools by ruling that a student could attend the school nearest them |
| Martin Luther King, Jr. | Civil Rights Leader; gave the ”I Have A Dream” speech; believed in peaceful protests |
| Malcolm X | Civil Rights activist who urged African Americans to rely on themselves; later embraced MLK’s passive resistance (peaceful protest) |
| Rosa Parks | Civil rights leader arrested for protesting bus segregation in Montgomery, Alabama |
| 9/11/2001 | The day al Qaeda bombed the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and hijacked a plane that crashed in a field in Pennsylvania (4 planes in all) |
| Operation Desert Storm | The code name for the first war against Iraq to liberate Kuwait. Also known as Persian Gulf War. |
| Dot-com | Related to the Internet |
| E-commerce | Commerce that is translated electronically (for example, over the Internet) |
| Fossil Fuels | Fuels that come from the earth (coal, oil, etc.) that are formed from the remains of plants and animals. When burned, releases carbon dioxide, a major cause of air pollution |
| GI Bill | Gave veterans low-interest home loans and paid for their schooling and helped them acclimate back to the civilian world |
| NAFTA (North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement) | allowed free trade in North America (US, Canada, Mexico) |
| Osama bin Laden | Leader of the Taliban terrorist group; masterminded 9/11 attack |
| Patriot Act | After 9/11, a law that allows the government to monitor communication IF there is suspicion of terrorist activity (phone, e-mail, mail, etc.) |
| Persian Gulf War | See Desert Storm above |
| Saddam Hussein | Iraqi dictator; invaded Kuwait |
| Taliban | A group of terrorist in the Middle East |
| Terrorism | Causing destruction and great fear |
| Weapons of Mass Destruction | Biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons capable of causing destruction over a large area effecting a large amount of people |
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