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COMM324 - Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are key features, themes, and tensions of westerns? | Contradiction in masculinity, patriarchal frame of male leaders and protectors. Contradiction in colonial pursuit with little verse big business and women as a prize or obstacle. Themes:religion/law v. justice, brokenness/redemption. |
| What is Sanger’s legacy regarding contemporary attitudes toward sexual relationships and parenthood as a choice? | Sexual relationship & mutual enjoyment, quality of life, unwanted pregnancy, parenthood is a choice, "free motherhood" |
| Ideograph | A key term that reveals a culture’s ideologies & values. Are often “characterized by slogans” |
| For Sanger’s address, “A Moral Necessity for Birth Control,” what was her rhetorical context? What arguments did she make? | Eugenics mvmt 19th amendment, labor mvmt v. industrialization. Argument: poverty of working class immigrants, forced motherhood, miscarriages. |
| How does Ehrenreich describe masculinity in the 1950s? | It required the predictable, sober ingredient of wisdom, responsibility, empathy, (mature) heterosexuality and ‘a sense of function,’ or, as a sociologist would have put it, acceptance of adult sex roles. |
| What assumptions of sexuality did we discuss in class regarding post-WWII era/1950s? Why are they inaccurate? | Males not in leadership assumed not sexually “weak,” but deviant (psuedo-homosexuality). |
| How did race and social class intersect with expectations of American men and women in post-WWII era? | “Breadwinner vs. loser.” Alternative = playboy (for white males, “Homemaker vs. loser.” Alternative = nothing really (for white females), Faithful servant vs. threat/contagion (Afr. Americans), |
| What is social shame and how did it influence/regulate 1950s notions of gender? | Regulated by unwavering public gaze. Regulates identity & place through law and social convention; subject to punishment. An emotion experienced both personally & collectively. |
| What ideas about femininity, masculinity, sexuality, and marriage are promoted in Mona Lisa Smile and Far From Heaven? | Women behind the man, his success depends on you. Satisfaction of childbearing & mature vaginal sexuality would make up for sacrifices. |
| How was women’s liberation rhetorical when it didn’t have a specific rhetorical leader, audience, or place? | Movement with a purpose, the personal is political, raise women's consciousness of social position and empower women as agents of change. Encourage women's self determination. |
| What are the unique features of women’s liberation rhetoric? | Women’s liberation discourse reflected more “state of mind” v. organized “mvmt” |
| What is the relationship between rhetorical criticism and popular discourse? How can we go about understanding film as rhetoric? | Arena for contested ideology, meanings, primacy (mainstream v. outside) Influences of history, cultural authority, social change . Representations/symbols of ideals and practical living. |
| What is media? How do media and gender intersect? | A “network” of interactions Comprised of messages, audiences, sources, channels that intersects in ways that influence us—as audiences/consumers of discourse, lls us what’s important via agenda setting power, ells us who & what “women” and “men” are. |
| What misconceptions do we have about gender, power, and discourse? | Masculinity = Power (independence). Femininity = Lack of power (dependence) Men = Leaders; Women = Followers *Power is seen as asymmetric. Mascl’ty/fem’ty are not universal archetypes (normative), Ethnicity, sexuality, class are not separate from gender. |
| Hegemony | How different cultural ideologies are affirmed, resisted, or negotiated. Process/means of affirming (reproducing) dominant ideologies, to preserve the status quo against potential change. |
| Gaze | Visual vantage point from which the audience sees (camera’s focus). |
| Dynamics of Gender Representations | Women = caregivers; Men = breadwinner Women = victims/sex objects; Men = aggressors Men = independent; Women = dependent Men’s authority; Women’s incompetence |
| The Mary Tyler Moore Show (1970) | New Womanhood. Traditional v. non-traditional. Setting: home v. work. Choice: single and working. A political career woman. Sex discrimination & gender conditioning. Intertextual: Sitcom=discourse. Dow argues TMTMS=Discourse w/in historical discourse. |
| Phronesis | Social truths. |
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SDUMD13
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