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Chapter 9 SS!
Launching a New Republic 1789-1800
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| inaugurate | to swear in or induct into office in a formal ceremony |
| Federal Judicary Act | it helped create a court system and gave the Supreme Court six members |
| cabinet | a group f department heads who serve as the presidents chief advisors |
| tariff | a tax on imported goods |
| Battle of Fallen Timbers | in 1794, an American army defeated 2,000 Native Americans in a clash over control of the Northwest Territory |
| Treaty of Greenville | a 1795 agreement in which 12 Native American tribes surrentder much of present day Ohio and Indiana to the U.S. government |
| Whiskey Rebellion | a 1794 protest against the government's tax on whiskey, which was valuable to the livelihood of the backcountry farmers |
| French Revolution | in 1789, the French launched a movement for liberty and equality against Britain |
| neutral | not siding with one side or the other |
| Jay's Treaty | the agreement that ended dispute over American shipping during the French Revolution |
| Pinckney's Treaty | a 1795 treaty with Spain that allowed Americans to use the Mississippi River and to store goods in New Orleans; made the 31st parallel southern U.S. border |
| foreign policy | relations with the governments of other countries |
| XYZ affair | in 1797 incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | a series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the United States |
| states' rights | theory that said that states had the right to judge when a federal government had passed an unconstitutional law |
| ...was a direct result of Hamiltons's financial plan? | Whiskey Rebellion |
| ...contained British agreement to pay damages for U.S. vessels they had seized? | Jay's Treaty |
| ...led an army into western Pennsylvannia to put down an uprising? | Gen. Henry Lee |
| ...was Washington's policy toward the new war between France and Britain? | Remain neutral |
| ...negotiated Pinckney's Treaty with the United States? | Spain |
| How did the French Revolution affect the United States? | The war between the French and the British put America in an awkward position. They decided to stay neutral. Franklin and Jefferson believed siding w/ France because of the alliance and they want freedom like US. Hamilton thought Britan b/c of trade. |
| What resulted for the U.S. victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers? | The Native Americans retreated. The British refused to aid the US. The Native Americans signed the Treaty of Greenville* in 1795, agreeing to surrender. |
| What finally ended the Whiskey Rebellion? | Gen. Henry Lee led an army of 13,000 soldiers into western Pennsylvannia. As the news of the army approach spread, the rebels fleed. |
| What did Britain the the U.S. agree to in Jay's Treaty (unpopular with America)? | The British agreed to pay damages for US vessels they had seized and evacuate forts in the Northwest Territory |
| What did Spain and the U.S. agree to in Pinckney's Treaty? | Spain gave Americans the right to travel to the Mississippi River and New Orleans |
| Who was the secretary of war in Washington's First Cabinet and what did they do? | Henry Knox, oversaw nations defenses |
| Who was the secretary of state in Washington's First Cabinet and what did they do? | Thomas Jefferson, oversaw relations with other countries |
| Who was the secretary of the tresuary in Washington's First Cabinet and what did they do? | Alexander Hamilton, manage government's money |
| Who was the attorney general in Washington's First Cabinet and what did they do? | Edmund Randolph, advise legal matters |
| What is believed in strict construction of the Constitution and who supports it? | narrow interpretation (can only do what Cnstitution says), cant create a national bank because Constitution doesnt mention it, Madison and Jefferson |
| What is believed in loose construction of the Constitution and who supports it? | broad interpretation, bank was necessary and proper to carry out a government's duties, Hamilton |
| Who were the four members of Washington's First Cabinet? | Edmund Randolph, Henry Knox, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton |
| What are the three parts of Hamilton's finacial plan? | 1. paying off all war debts 2. raising governments revenue 3. creating a national bank |
| Why did Washington consider it important to put down the Whiskey Rebellion? | He didn't want people to think the government couldn't enforce its own laws |
| What was the purpose of Washington's cabinet? | to assist the president with the many issues and problems he had to face |
| What economic problems did the new government face? | war debts and debts to the rich |
| How did Hamilton's finacial plan attempt to solve the nation's economic problems? | it would strengthen the central government |
| What two pieces of advice did Washington give in his Farewell Address? | Washington stated to remain neutral and steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world |
| Why did Congress pass the Alien and Sedition Acts? How did Kentucky and Virginia respond? | Congress passed the Alien and Sedition Acts because they wanted to silence the Democratic Republican critics. Jefferson and Madison wrote resolutions that were passed in Kentucky and Virginia |
| What did the Federalists political party believe? | strong national gov., fear of mob rule, loose construction, favored national bank, economy based on manufacturing and shipping, rich people |
| What did the Democratic Republican political party believe? | limited national gov., fear of rule by one person, strict construction, opposed national bank, economy based on farming, poor people |
| What are some domestic policy issues and events? | Federal Judiciary Act Hamilton's Finacial Plan, Whiskey Rebellion |
| What are both domestic and foreign policy issues and events? | Alien and Sedition Acts and Battle of Fallen Timbers |
| What are some foreign policy issues and events? | French Revolution, Jay's Treaty, Pinckney's Treaty, XYZ affair |
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lp1213
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