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m/c bbt of the appendicular skeleton =
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shapes of osteochondromas
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ChiroBoards2: Tumors
ChiroBoards2: Malignant and Benign
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| m/c bbt of the appendicular skeleton = | osteochondrom |
| shapes of osteochondromas | pedunculated (coat-hanger exostosis) or sessile (broad band extensions) |
| Coat hanger exostosis and cauliflower-like describes what? | pedunculated tumors |
| Multiple osteochondromas = | Hereditary multiple exostosis |
| % of malignant osteochondromas in HME? | 20% |
| Unicameral bone cyst, aka = | Simple bone cyst |
| associated with fallen fragment sign = | unicameral bone cyst |
| Where are simple bone cysts located? | diaphyseal/metaphyseal = centrally located |
| simple bone cyst age group | less than 20yoa |
| Diaphyseal/metaphyseal; ECCENTRICALLY locate | Aneurysmal bone cyst |
| ABC age group = | less than 2yoa |
| Epiphyseal/metaphyseal location, 20-40yo; 20% of the time quasi-malignant. soap bubble appearance | Giant cell tumor |
| Night pain relieved by asprin | Osteoid Osteoma |
| Radiolucent central nidus (<2cm) with severe reactive sclerosis | Osteoid Osteoma |
| Night pain relieved by asprin and appears like an osteoid osteoma, nidus (>2cm) | Brodie's abscess |
| Brodie's abscess aka... | chronic osteomyelitis |
| Most common BBT of the hand, may have a stippled appearance | enchondroma |
| multiple enchondromas = | Ollier's Disease |
| % of malignancy in Ollier's | 10-50% rate of malignant degeneration (highest rate of malignancy in BBT) |
| multiple enchondromas with soft tissue calcification is known as what syndrome? | Maffucci's Syndrome |
| Most common BBT of the spine | Hemangiomas |
| Will appear with vertical striations and have a corduroy cloth appearance = | Hemangiomas |
| Bone island; round or oblong radiopaque lesion | Enostoma |
| Multiple bone islands | Osteopoikilosis |
| Most common BBT to affect skull = | osteoma |
| Most commonly found in the frontal sinus and best seen on the Caldwell projection. | osteoma |
| "rind sign" assoic. with | Fibrous dysplasia |
| Saber shin tibia, sheppard's crook, ground glass appearance, cafe au lait = | Fibrous dysplasia |
| coast of main appearance lesion | Fibrous dysplasia |
| Pt, may present with scoliosis, cervical kyphosis, verterbral body scalloping with IVF enlargement, and cafe au lait spots | Neurofibromatosis |
| Cast of California appearance lesion | Neurofibromatosis |
| Most common primary malignancy of bone = | MM |
| Plasma cell sarcoma, aka.= | MM |
| punched out lesions, vertebral plana, and associated with rain drop skull | MM |
| Multiple myeloma labs/special tests = (5 ) | 1) M spike on immunoelectrophoresis; 2) Reversal of Albumin/Globulin Ratio; 3) Bence-Jones Proteinuria; 4) elevated ER, Bone scan = Cold |
| most common malignant tumor of bone | metastatic dx (lytic and blastic) |
| Over age of 40, recent unexplained weight loss, skeletal pain is worse at night. Affected bones are darker in color with moth eaten(extremities) or permeative (spine( pattern of destruction = | Lytic Metastasis |
| "Eats" away pedicle from bone. Has a "swiss cheese" appearance in the skull. = | Lytic metastasis |
| Lab/Special tests for Lytic metastasis = (2) | Alk phos elevated; Bone scan is hot |
| Over 40 yo, ivory white vertebrae; most common cause is from prostatic carcinoma = | Blastic metastasis |
| Most common form of metastasis in ages 20-40 | hodgkin's dx |
| Bone may become more radiopaque in color, ivory white vertebrae with anterior body scalloping = | hodgkin's dx |
| Uni-lateral hilar lymphadenopathy in white males seen on PA chest view with this malignancy = | hodgkin's dx |
| reed sternberg cells in = | hodgkin's dx |
| 4 stages of Paget's = | Lytic or destructive, then combined, then sclerotic, then malignant (osteosarcoma) |
| picture frame vertebrae = | in Paget's |
| Most common malignancy found in children = | osteosarcoma (age 10-30) |
| causes a periosteal rxn that is spiculated/radiating/sunburst in appearance. pt. is 10-30 years old = | osteosarcoma |
| causes a periosteal rxn that is spiculated/radiating/sunburst in appearance. pt. is over 40 years old = | Chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma |
| Found in kids/teens, most commonly in diaphysis of long bones. Permeative lesion causes a multi-paralleled onion skin (laminated) perosteal reaction. = | Ewing's Sarcoma |
| Bone expansion, codman's triangle, and saucerization are all seen in | Ewing's Sarcoma |
| Aberrant notochordal cell tumor = | Chordoma |
| where are chordoma's typically found? | Sacrum (1st), and Skull (2nd) |
Created by:
bglasman
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