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US History
US History Events and Dates
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 1533 | Henry VIII divorces Catherine of Aragon, English Reformation begins |
| 1558 | Elizabeth I becomes Queen (Elizabeethan Age) (she's tolerant of Calvinists and Lutherans) |
| 1603 | James I becomes King -- less tolerant spurs Puritan immigration |
| 1607 | Jamestown founded |
| 1610 | cSante Fe founded -- theme Spanish have Florida and West, French have St. Lawrence and Quebec and eventual interior Mississippi down to New Orleans, Enlgish and Dutch have rest of East Coast |
| 1619 | Virginia House of Burgesses Established -- theme growth of Home rule (the beeging of demorecy) |
| 1622 | March 22 Powatan uprising |
| 1625 | Charles I becomes King -- less tolerant (will fight Puritans in Parliament) |
| 1636 | Roger Williams banished … starts Providence (RI) |
| 1638 | Anne Hutchinson banished to Providence |
| 1640 | Barbados finds its cash crop -- Sugar (Virginia will have its Tobacco) -- triangle trade expands rapidly, slavery takes deep root in Carribean |
| 1642 | English Civil War starts |
| 1649 | Charles I executed |
| 1651 | First Navigation Act (restricts colonial trade on "innumerated goods") -- theme tightening English control on Colonies |
| 1660 | Restoration .. Charles II takes throne |
| 1664 | New York founded (taken from Dutch) |
| 1676 | Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia (Jamestown destroyed), King Phillip's War (10% die) New England -- theme fight over scarce land |
| 1685 | James II (owner/founder of New York) becomes King (restrict colonia freedom Dominion of New England) |
| 1686 | Glorious Revolution (William and Mary reestablish protestant dominance) (colonists hope for more home rule, thwarted) |
| 1688 | King William's War (French, Iriquois and deposed James II take on English -- catholics vs. protestants) |
| 1692 | Salem witchcraft hysteria, 19 executed |
| 1739 | Stono Rebellion (slave revolt), George Whitefield starts Great Awakening, King George's War (dispute of Austrian throne) |
| 1754 | July 3 Washington defeated at Fort Necessity |
| 1756 | Seven Year's war(World War) begins -- theme forces England to collect more taxes--England gets all of East coast |
| 1760 | George III becomes King |
| 1764 | Sugar Act, Currency Act -- England taxing Colonies without representation |
| 1765 | Stamp Act and Sons of Liberty |
| 1767 | Townshend Act imposes duties even if you buy from England, new vice admiralty courts |
| 1773 | Boston Tea Party |
| 1774 | Coercive (Intolerable) Acts closed the Boston port, 1st Continental Congress |
| 1775 | Lexington and Concord (shot heard round the world) |
| 1776 | Declaration of Independence (second continental congress directs states to draft consstitutions) |
| 1778 | French aliance with United States |
| 1781 | Article of Confederation ratified |
| 1783 | Treaty of Paris (England acknowledges US is independent) |
| 1786 | Annapolis conventions discuss government reform and Shays's Rebellion (Springfield tax rebellion) |
| 1787 | Nothwest Ordinance (organizes north of Ohio river, east of Miss., bill of rights, no slavery), Constitutional Convention |
| 1788 | Federalist papers for NY and Constitution ratified |
| 1789 | French Revolution, Judiary Act of 1789 |
| 1791 | Bill of Rights ratified |
| 1794 | Whiskey Rebellion, Miami Confederacy (Ohio valley) defeated Fallen Timbers |
| 1795 | Jay Treaty (arbitrate colonial debts to England, and conlonial ship taken by England) |
| 1798 | XYZ affair, Alien and Sedition Acts, Quasi-War with France (virginia and kentucky resolutions said sedition act unconstituitonal) |
| 1800 | Revolution of 1800 (Jefferson's antifederalists come in power) |
| 1801 | John Marshall becomes chief justice (just before Adams leaves office), US defeats barbary pirates in tripoli war |
| 1803 | Marbury v. Madison establishes juidical review, Louisianna purchase |
| 1804 | Burrr kills Hamilton |
| 1807 | British attacks Cheasepeake, Embargo Act halts foreign trade |
| 1808 | Prophet and Tecumseh organize tribal resistance |
| 1812 | War of 1812 starts (Mr. Madison's war), |
| 1813 | Death of Tecumseh |
| 1814 | Hartford Convention considers secession and nullification |
| 1815 | Battles of New Orleans |
| 1816 | Second Bank of US chartered |
| 1817 | Rush Bagot Treaty disarms Lake Champlain and Great Lakes |
| 1819 | McCulloch v. Maryland -- US bank "necessary and proper" affirms broad power, Adams-Onis Treaty with Spaingives florida to US, Panic of 1819 postwar boom collapses (high unemployment) |
| 1820 | Missouri Compromise (engineered by Henry Clay) Missouri and Maine, futher states noth of 36:30 closed to slavery |
| 1823 | Monroe Doctrine closes Western Hemisphere to European intervention |
| 1824 | Gibbons v. Ogden affirms federal power to preempt state law |
| 1825 | Erie Canal completed |
| 1826 | Morgan affair kidnapped/killed for anti-Mason expose, Mason coverup |
| 1828 | JQ Adams signs Tarriff of Abominations |
| 1831 | Trail of Tears |
| 1831 | Nat turner Uprising |
| 1832 | Jackson vetoes rechartering of Second Bank, South Carolina nullifies tarriff of Abominations |
| 1836 | Specie Circular (requires gold and silver payments) tightens credit, gag rule on slavery |
| 1837 | Panic of 1837 |
| 1838 | Missouri Governor order "extermination" of all mormons |
| 1843 | Dorthea Dix expose on asylums |
| 1845 | Texas admitted to union |
| 1846 | Wilmot Proviso proposes no slavery in Mexican lands |
| 1848 | Seneca Fall convention, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Free Soil |
| 1849 | Gold Rush |
| 1850 | Compromise of 1850 (no slave trade in DC, California free, fugitive slave act, ambiguous popular soverighty) |
| 1852 | Uncle Tom's Cabin published |
| 1854 | Kansas Nebraska Act, Know Nothings (Native American Party) wins New England Elections (Millard Fillmore will win 23% of 1856 vote as its candidate) |
| 1856 | Bleeding Kansas, Preston Brooks canes Senator Sumner |
| 1857 | Dred Scott (congress can't prohibit slavery in territories), Mormoan Wars (mormans massacre 120 settlers), Panic of 1857 |
| 1859 | John Brown raids Harpers Ferry |
| 1860 | Fort Sumter is attacked by south… states secede, Confederacy formed Jefferson Davis president, Robert E. Lee is general |
| 1861 | Battle of bull run (first major battle), Congress passes first confiscation act |
| 1862 | Homstead Act… land if you live and clear… theme: Frederick Jackson Turner's view that open west gave consciousness of opportunity |
| 1863 | emancipation proclamation takes effect, food and draft riots, July 4th victories at gettysburg and vicksburg |
| 1864 | Sherman captures Atlanta |
| 1865 | Lincoln assasinated, Sherman's March to Sea, Lee surenders, death toll 620k, Johnson's lenient Recon./Congress refuses |
| 1866 | Civil Rights Act 1866, Freedmen's Bureau |
| 1867 | Seward's Foly (Alaska), Reconstructions Acts, Military law, Tenure of Office Act |
| 1868 | Johnson impeached, but acquitted, 14th amendment |
| 1869 | Transcontinental Railroad completed |
| 1871 | KKK act |
| 1873 | Panic of 1873, Slaughterhouse case liimts power of 14th Amendment |
| 1876 | Custer killed at Little Big Horn by Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull and Rain in the Face Sioux Lakadas |
| 1877 | Compromise Rutherfraud Hayes President but end reconstruction |
| 1878 | Bland Allison Act authorizes Treasury to buy silver (debtors like silver, more money to pay) |
| 1881 | federal trademark law |
| 1886 | Haymarket riot |
| 1887 | Dawes severalty act divides reservations |
| 1890 | Dependent's Pension Act doubles number of war pensions (child war widows) |
| 1890 | McKinley Tariff boosted tariff rates (reduces imports) leads to panic of 1893 |
| 1890 | Wounded Knee Masacre, Sherman Antitrust Act |
| 1892 | Populist Party forms (grows out Grange and Farmer's Alliances), James Weaver wins 8% of vote |
| 1893 | Panic of 1893 |
| 1894 | Coxey's Army march on Wash. Beaten up (wanted gov to issue paper money and low interest loans for public works |
| 1895 | Run on US Gold reserves, Sherman Silver Act repealed, JP Morgan sells gold to gov. in return for bonds |
| 1895 | Japan wins Sino-Japanese War |
| 1895 | Booker T. Washington, founder of Tuskeegee Institute in Alabama, gives Atlanta Compromise speech urges hard work and separatism (as separate as the fingers" |
| 1896 | William Jennings Bryan "you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold" runs as Democrat and Populist candidate |
| 1896 | Plessy v. Ferguson upholds separate but equal |
| 1898 | Taylorism |
| 1898 | US annexes Hawaii, US Maine blows up in Havana, US defeats Spain in Spanish American war |
| 1899 | Treaty of Paris gives US Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam, Cuba "independent", Phillippine insurection |
| 1899 | Boxer Rebellion in China, US one of 8 countries to send troups, John Hay sends "note" demanding Open Door policy |
| 1900 | Socialist Eugene V. Debs receives 100k votes (factories should be owned by government) receives 900,000 in 1912 |
| 1901 | US Steel and Dupont and Ford become dominant |
| 1903 | Panama grants canal rights, Platt Amendment added to Cuban constitution grants US right to intervene and gives US GITMO |
| 1904 | US v. Northern Securities breaks up railroad trust created by JP Morgan |
| 1905 | Lochner v. New York, Unconstitutional to limit bakers to 10 hours a day (hostile to government regulation of market) Lochner era begins until FDR |
| 1905 | Japan wins Russo Japanese War, Roosevelt mediates treaty at Portsmouth Conference in New Hampshire wins Nobel Prize |
| 1906 | Upton Sinclair's The Jungle (muckraker) leads to passage of Pure Food & Drug Act (1906), Meat Inspection Law |
| 1907 | Panic of 1907 |
| 1907 | Indiana passes statute permitting involuntary sterilization of criminals idiots imbeciles and rapists (30 states have themby 1930) |
| 1908 | Muller v. Oregon upholds ten hour limit for women (brandeis brief uses social science data on harm to women from long hours) |
| 1909 | Taft signs Payne-Aldrich Tarriff didn't cut tarriffs enough, pisses off Teddy |
| 1909 | WEB Du Bois (first black Harvard PhD) forms NAACP advocates the Talented Tenth |
| 1910 | White Slave Act (Mann Act) prohibits interstate transportation of women for immoral purposes |
| 1913 | 16th Amendment allows federal income tax and 17th Amendment madates direct election of Senators |
| 1913 | Underwood Tarriff reduce tariff rates (increases imports) and adds income tax (6% rate on the rich) |
| 1914 | Clayton anti-trust act outlaws price discrimination strenghtens Sherman act, FTC Act creates enforcement agency |
| 1914 | WWI begins in Europe (without US) Serbian Nationalist assassinate Archduke Ferdinand, Serbs look for help from Russia, Russia from France… US back assassins side…Germans back Austria |
| 1915 | Germans sink Lusitania, KKK revives anti-imigrant, anti-black, anti-Catholic |
| 1916 | General John "Black Jack" Pershing invades Mexico chases Pancho Villa for raiding US border towns |
| 1917 | Russian Revolution (Soviets/Bolsheviks take power), US Enters WWI, Espionage Act limits free speech, |
| 1918 | Wilson announces Fourteen Points (League of Nation), Sedition Act limits free speech, US troups invade russia against Bolsheviks |
| 1918 | Flu pandemic kills 20 million wolrd wide, WWI Armistice |
| 1919 | Wilson suffers stroke, Senate rejects Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations |
| 1919 | Marcus Garvey promotes back to africa movement with Black Star Line |
| 1920 | 18th amendment prohibition goes into effect (repealled in 1933), 19th amendment grants women sufferage takes effect for Harding in 20 |
| 1920 | Palmer Raids in 33 cities warrantless earches and jailings of 4,000 people, 400 kept on Deer Island cold outside Boston |
| 1921 | Margaret Sanger forms American Birth Control League overturns Comstock laws that ban distribution of information about sex and contraception |
| 1921 | Sacco and Vanzetti wronfully convicted, musical commedy Shuffle Along launches Harlem Renassaince |
| 1922 | Benito Mussolini (Fascist) gains control of Italy |
| 1923 | Teapot Dome Scandal (Secretary of Interior excepted bribes to lease oil lands to Mammoth Oil Co) (comes out after Harding dies) |
| 1924 | National Origins Act bans Asian immigrants completely, sets quotas at 2 percent of each nationality residing in US in 1890 |
| 1924 | Dawes Plan reduces German reparations |
| 1925 | Scopes (Monkey) trial (Clarence Darrow vs. William Jennings Bryant) |
| 1927 | Sacco and Vanzetti executed , Lindbergh solos across atlantic, Mao Zedong (commie) starts civil war to oust Chian Kai-shek (nationalist) |
| 1928 | Kellogg-Briand Pact outlaws war (no enforcement) |
| 1929 | stock market crash October |
| 1930 | Hawley-Smoot Tarriff raises rates on imports (worsens depression) |
| 1931 | Scottsboro Boys wronguflly arrested |
| 1932 | Bonus Army attacked for Gen. Douglas McArthur in Washington |
| 1933 | US recognizes Soviet Union, Hitler becomes dictator/chancellor |
| 1933 | FDR's "First Hundred Days" introduces massive legislation to help poor, bank holiday halts run on banks |
| 1935 | Social Security Act gives old pensions, Works Progress Admin. (WPA), Revenue (Wealth Tax) Act raises taxes on Welathy, |
| 1935 | NLRA (Wagner) Act guarantees right to unionize and to "collective bargaining", John L. Lewis head of United Mine Workers, creates CIO for marginal workers |
| 1935 | Huey Long assasinated (former Senator Louisiana, had advocated "Share Our Wealth" confiscating all family wealth greater than $5 million) |
| 1935 | Nuremburg Laws strip Jews of Citizenship and intermarriage |
| 1936 | Spanish Civil War begins, German reoccupies the Rhineland (Chamberland's appeasement) |
| 1937 | FDR's Court Packing plan fails, but "switch in time that saves 9" NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel rules that Congress has power to regulate interstate commerce |
| 1938 | KrisTALLnacht shattered glass riots Jews start being sent to concentration camps |
| 1939 | Easter concert of Marian Anderson at Lincoln Memorial, German and Soviet Union sign secret non-agression pact, Germany invades Poland(blitzkrig) WWII begins |
| 1940 | peace time draft, Germany invades western europe all the way to france |
| 1941 | Lend-Lease Act aids allies, Germany attacks Soviet Union, Dec. 7 Pearl Harbor (Jeanette Ranking votes again against declaring war), FDR prohibits defense contractors from race disc. |
| 1942 | US wins Midway, Office of Price Admin, rations food and goods |
| 1943 | Soviets defeat Germans at Stalingrad, Allies invade Italy |
| 1944 | Normadie invasion, Korematsu v. U.S. upholds Japanese Internment |
| 1945 | big 3 at Yalta before VE day, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, VJ day, UN created |
| 1946 | Churchill's Iron Curtain speech in Fulton Missouri |
| 1947 | Marshall plan aids europe, Kennan design "containment" (of commies) policy, National Security Act creates CIA (central Intelligency Agency, Taft Hartley Act limits union power (permits state "open shop" right to work laws), Levittown massproduction of hou |
| 1948 | Commies take Czechoslovakia, Truman recognizes Israel, Berlin airlift, Truman desegregates armed forces, Truman,Dewey, Henry Wallace, Strom Thurmond, Nixon on HUAC accuses state department official Alger Hiss of Espionage |
| 1949 | Soviets explode atomic bomb, Mao takes power in China |
| 1950 | Korean War starts, China enters, McCarthy (HUAC) alleges communists in Gov |
| 1951 | Truman fires Macarthur |
| 1953 | Korean War ends, Stalin dies (replaced by Kruschev), Rosenbergs executed as atomic spies |
| 1954 | After French fall, Geneva accords partition Vietnam with Ho Chi Minh's commies in north and nationalists in south, Brown v. Topeka Brd of Ed., Senate condemn McCarthy, Communist Control Act makes membership in Communist party illegal |
| 1955 | Rosa Parks, King start Montgomery bus boycott |
| 1956 | Soviets crush uprising in Hungary, Suez Canal nationalized (temporaily shut down), Insterstate High Act |
| 1957 | Soviest fire ICBM and launch Sputnik, Little Rock Nine desgregated Central High School (gov. Orval Faubus resists "blood would run in the streets") |
| 1959 | Castro (commie) ousts Batista in Cuba, Kitchen Debate |
| 1960 | Eighteen African colonies become independent, Francis Gary Powers U-2 plane shot down, Freedom Riders |
| 1961 | failed Bay of Pigs invasion |
| 1962 | SDS's Port Huron Statement, Cuban Missle Crisis |
| 1963 | Birmignham Campaign (King and many school children jailed), March on Wash (I Have a Dream), Oswald kills Kenedy |
| 1964 | 1964 Civil Rights Act, Gulf of Tonkin Resolution |
| 1965 | Johnson launches "Great Society" program halves Us poverty (forgotten fifth), Voting Rights Act regulates southern states prohibits poll tax, Malcolm X assassinated by Black Musslims, Watts riots |
| 1967 | Summer of Love Hiaght-Ashbury, 6 day Israeli war |
| 1968 | Tet Offensive, King and RFK assasinated, "Shoot to Kill" Democratic Convention in Chicago |
| 1969 | Stonewall Inn uprising, Apollo 11 Neil Armstron walks on moon, Nixon begins Aff. Action |
| 1970 | US invades Cambodia, Kent State Massacre, 1st Earth Day, EPA created |
| 1972 | CREEP's Watergate breakin, Congress approves ERA |
| 1973 | Peace agreement of Paris, OPEC oil embargo, Yom Kipur war |
| 1975 | Vietnam war ends (North invades, Ford does nothing) |
| 1978 | Baake case strikes down quotas but upholds plus factors Affirm action |
| 1979 | Three Mile Island nuclear accident, Camp David Accords, Shah of Iran deposed by Ayatollah Khomeini (Carter's hostage crisis) |
| 1981 | AIDS epidemic begins, Prime Interest rate 21.5% |
| 1982 | Unemployment 10.8%, ERA dies |
| 1984 | Regan Aids contras (arms for hostages held in Lebaonon), Gorbachev's Glasnost |
| 1987 | Stock market drops 508 points in one day |
| 1989 | Berlin Wall ("Poland-10 Years; Hungary-10 Months; East Germany-10 Weeks; Czechoslovakia-10 Days.") |
| 1990 | Mandela/DeKlerk dismantle apartheid |
| 1991 | Persion Gulf War |
| 1993 | NAFTA (north American Free Trade Agreement |
| 1994 | Contract with America helps Republicans win House and Senate |
| 1996 | Welfare Reform puts time limits on AFDC |
| 1998 | House impeaches Clinton |
| 2000 | Bush v. Gore gives Bush election |
| 2001 | Sept 11 attacks, US invades Afganistan |
| 2003 | US invades Iraq |
Created by:
ian.ayres@yale.edu
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