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Saladin 3e - Ch 3
Human Anatomy book: Saladin 3rd edition; Ch 3 Histology Study of Tissues
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 Types of Tissues | (C-MEN): Connective Tissue, Muscle Tissue, Epithelial Tissue, Nervous Tissue, |
| Glands Classification | - Exocrine (via ducts)mostly; - Endocrine (across membrane |
| Endocrine and exocrine glands secrete various products: | ( HEMM ) hormones, enzymes, metabolites, and other molecules |
| What are the hormone producing structures of the body? | Endocrine glands |
| modes of glandular secretion | (HAM) Holocrine, Apocrine, Merocrine |
| Endocrine glands - location: | thyroid, islet cells of the pancreas |
| Single layer of thin cells; nucleus flattened; cytoplasm so thin hard to see; on surface cells have angular contours and round nuclei | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Lungs - Air Sacs Alveoli | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Kidney - Glomerular capsules | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Heart - inner lining (endothelium) | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Blood Vessels - inner lining (endothelium) | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Stomach - Serous membranes | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Intestines and other viscera | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Pleurae - surface mesothelium | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Pericardium | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Peritoneum | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Mesentaries | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Function: Allows rapid diffusion or transport of substances through membrane; secretes lubricating serous fluid | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| Single layer of square/round cells; in glands, often pyramidal; spherical central nuclei; often brush border microvilli or cilia | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Brush Border - microvilli in kidney | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Brush Border - cilia in bronchioles of lung | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Lung - Bronchioles | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Liver | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Thyroid Gland | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Mammary Gland | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Salivary Gland | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Kidney - Tubules | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Function: Absorption, Secretion; production and movement of respiratory mucus" | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Single layer of tall, narrow cells; oval shaped vertical nuclei, usually near basal half; often apical secretory vesicles visible with TEM; often brush border of microvilli or ciliated; may posses goblet cells | Simple Columnar Epithelium |
| Stomach - inner lining | Simple Columnar Epithelium |
| Intestines | Simple Columnar Epithelium |
| Gallbladder | Simple Columnar Epithelium |
| Uterus, and Uterine Tubes | Simple Columnar Epithelium |
| Kidney - Tubules | Simple Columnar Epithelium |
| Function (SAM): Secretion of mucus and other..., Absorption, Movement of egg and embryo in uterine tube | Simple Columnar Epithelium |
| looks multilayered; some cells do not reach the free surface but all cells reach the basement membrane; nuclei at several levels in deeper half of epithelium; often with goblet cells; often cilliated | Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium |
| Function: secretes and propels mucus | Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium |
| Cilliated - cells with... | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, Simple Columnar Epithelium, Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium |
| Microvilli - cells with... | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, Simple Columnar Epithelium, |
| Respiratory Tract (nasal cavity to bronchi) | Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium |
| Portions of male uretha | Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium |
| multiple cells layers, with cells becoming increasingly flat and scaly toward surface--which is covered with a layer of compact dead cells with no nuclei; basal cells may be cuboidal / columnar. | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - Keratinized |
| Epidermis | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - Keratinized |
| Palms and Soles | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - Keratinized |
| Function: resist abrasion; retards water loss; resists penetration by pathogenic organisms | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - Keratinized |
| multiple cells layers, with cells becoming increasingly flat and scaly toward surface; basal cells may be cuboidal / columnar. | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - NonKeratinized |
| Tongue | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - NonKeratinized |
| Esophagus | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - NonKeratinized |
| Anal Canal | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - NonKeratinized |
| Vagina | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - NonKeratinized |
| Function: Function: resists penetration by pathogenic organisms | Stratified Squamous Epithelium - NonKeratinized |
| two or more layers of cells; surface cells round or square -ish | Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Glands - sweat gland ducts | Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium |
| egg producing vesicles of ovaries | Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Ducts - sperm producing ducts (seminiferous tubules) of testis | Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Function: contributes to sweat secretion; secretes ovarian hormones; produces sperm | Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium |
| Resembles stratified squamous epithelium, but surface cells are rounded (not flat) and often bulge above the surface; 5-6 cells thick: relaxed. 2-3: stretched. Some cells have two nuclei. | Transitional Epithelium |
| Kidney - urinary tract | Transitional Epithelium |
| Ureter, Uretha | Transitional Epithelium |
| Bladder | Transitional Epithelium |
| Allontoic duct | Transitional Epithelium |
| External surface of umbilical cord | Transitional Epithelium |
| Function: stretches to allow filling | Transitional Epithelium |
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