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Civil War Berger
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What issue is the american civil war based on? | It is based on african slavery. Not slavery itself, but the issue of using africans as our slaves. |
| Who is Samuel Slater? | He is the father of the american industrial system. He opens the first factory which makes cloth textiles. |
| After samuel slater, what becomes our major export? | Textiles |
| Who does samuel slater employ under his new system? | Children. They worked all day everdya. |
| Why is cotton important in the rise of the industrial system? | Cotton was the main product from which all of these textiles were made. |
| Who is francis lowell? | He produces the first industrial town. |
| What labor force does francis lowell employ? | Children and single women who cannot stand another day with farm labor. |
| Why was farm labor such a bad thing for women? | It meant pure isolation from friends. There you had to work long hard hours. |
| What did the government do to make sure that american textiles went unchallenged? | They created the tariff of 1816. which taxed all imports and made them way to expensive to buy so everyone just bought american imports. |
| why did everyone like the tarrif of 1816? | The south liked it cause it meant that they would have a constant demand for cotton. the north liked it cause it meant that they also had a constant demand for textiles. the west like it cause of the massive need for wheat. |
| what was wrong with upland cotton? | it came with prickly buds that you had to pick around to get at the cotton. |
| Who is eli whitney? | he created the cotton gin in 1793. |
| What other people did the north rely on for labor? | foreigners. |
| What did the south first tap into to supply the need for labor? | well first it was children. you had children so that they could work for you. next they tried indentured servants |
| what was wrong with indentured servants? | they are people. you can't beat them. you can't kill them, or force them to work. and the indentured servants would be free after 7 years of working. and they got tired of working in the feilds so they quit. |
| what happened in 1794? | there was an uprising in haiti. the south cired, see what they will do if you let them? they will kill us all. it is not just for profit that we keep them. it is for our own security. |
| What happened in 1822? | France had free slaves aboard a shipping vessel that had docked in south carolina. The national guard imprisioned every single black sailor until the boat left again for france. |
| What happened in 1831 with nat turner? | There was an uprising in virginia. the key figure is nat turner. He was the butler of a weathly family, educated by his masters. He killed his entire master's family. he did the same to other plantations. The milita tracked down and killed every upriser. |
| What happened in response to nat turner's uprising? | Virginia passed a law saying that no virginian could ever free his slaves. if they do they have to be shipped the next day back to africa. |
| When does france free her slaves? | 1789 |
| in europe where is the only placed left that has slavery? | russia |
| When does the issue of slavery start to become uncomfortable for people to tolerate? | when thomas jefferson wrote the declaration of independence saying that all men are created equal under God and that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights including life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. |
| What are the northwest ordinances? | prohibited any new states wanting to join the union had to come into it as free states. |
| what is the 3/5ths compromise? | IN 1789, congress says that each black slave only counts as 3/5ths a person. |
| When does misouri want to join the union | 1817 |
| Who is James Tallmadge? | he says that if misouri comes into the union they must agree to the deal that whenever a slave turns the age of 25 that they be set free. |
| Who is Arthur LIvermore? | He said that slavery is a sin. which boiled the blood of many a southerner seeing as how no where in the bible does it mention that. |
| What is the misouri compromise? | Misouri will be brought into the states as a slave state but will be balanced by the brining in of maine which will be a free state. Any new state wanting to come in that is below the line 3630 will be a slave state and any north of that will be free. |
| WHat moods sweep the north during the early 19th century? | Democratizaion: the government will bring control into your life. Education: inoder to do something with you life you need to have education. White workers got more rights basically crying that they aren't slaves! |
| What two religious movements sweep through the north during early 19th century? | Millenialism and perfectionism. The first said that christ is coming back tommorow. he is going to come and judge. Perfectionism says that not only can you be perfect before God by ti is your obligation to make the world perfect. |
| Who is William Garrison | He cried to free every slave and make them a citizen of the USA |
| Who is John c. Calhoun? | Siad that we have to allow the states the right of nullification and the right of interposition. |
| Who is Daniel Webster? | he opposed the right of nullifcation saying that the constitution was not created by the state, it was created by the people, for the people. |
| What are the advantages of working in the north? | You can quit. You can move up into a higher wage position. You can move and get a better wage somewhere else. you could become a skilled laborer. |
| What two political parties emerge in the 1830's? | The deomcratic party which stood for small central govt. and the whigs which was a support for big central govt. which would raise taxes significantly with the idea of making the usa into an industrial power. |
| Why were these parties almost essential in delaying the war? | the parties were not geographically split. you had southerners who like both parties, same as the north. |
| What breaks apart the unity of the two political parites? | You had two movements known as abolitionism and antislavery. |
| What stance did the antislavery people have? | blacks prevented diversification in an economy. if you had a slave culture, you had a single crop culture. no skills. |
| Who is Elijah Lovejoy? | he was an abolitionist thought that blakcs were fully human. he was lynched for his beliefs. |
| why are the two views on blacks during the 1830's small movements? | 1. they know the south is united in its stand with pro slavery. 2. 3/5ths compromise means that however small, blacks are property which means that you can't steal someone's property. 3. we had the misouri compromise. |
| Who is James Birney? | an abolitionist who creates the liberty party who runs for president in 1844 |
| Who were the competitors for the election of 1844 | James Polk, Henry Clay, James Birney. Polk wins. |
| Why is the liberty party important in the eyes of both the whigs and the democrats | They gain enough support that the backing of that group could determine the next presidential election. |
| Why did polk win? | he takes the slavery issue off the front burner. saying we need to go to war on england. and so he declares war. |
| What two countries did polk attack? | Mexico and england. He wanted canada and mexico. He compromises and gets the 49th parallel. |
| What happens with the battle of bueno vista? | we loose the battle but win the war. how much are we going to take. |
| WHo is David Wilmot? | He doesn't want the land we gained from mexico to come in as slave states. creates the wilmot proviso |
| What four stances can you have on the wilmot proviso? | 1. Wilmot's containment theory. 2. Extend line 3630. 3.John C. Calhouns says blacks are property that we can take anywhere. 4. popular sovereignty. |
| Who is up for the elction of 1848? | The popular sovereignty nominate Lewis case. The whigs nominate Zachery Taylor. |
| Who make up the free soil party? | Democrats who didn't like the idea of popular soveriegnty and whigs who didn't like zachery taylor because he is a slave owner. They are both antislavery movements. they want to contain slavery. |
| Why is 1849 a big year? | it is the year that gold is found in california. so many people rush into the cali that it now wants to join the states. which then brings up the issue will it become a slave state or a free state. |
| What is the compromise of 1850? | 1. cali will come into the union as a free state. 2. the rest of the area from mexico will come in as popular sovereignty. 3. Fugitive slave act. if a runaway slave is caught in the north he will be returned to his owner in the south. |
| WHo is fredrick WIlkins? | he is a slave in the north who is captured and was supposed to be sent back to the south to be sentenced to death for running away. |
| Who is Harriet Beacher? | wrote uncle tom's cabin |
| WHo is tanner rodgers? | He created the reaper. |
| Who is John Deer? | created the the plow. |
| What is the kansas nebraska act? | in 1854 it repealed the compromise of 1820 and allowed for the popular sovereignty to rule. |
| Who were the two men who created the idea of popular sovereignty? | Steven douglas and lewis cass |
| WHo is charles sumner? | A abolitionist. he hates the kansas nebraska act because it is a victory for slavery but loves it because it repeals every slave compromise. let the two sides duke it out. |
| WHo is henry ward beecher? | creates the beecher bible which wasn't a bible at all but was actually arming men and women who were going into kansas to stop slavery. known as jayhawkers from iowa and border ruffians from misouri. kansas descends into civil war. |
| What happened to the methodist and the baptist churches? | They broke apart and became the north and south baptist and methodist. |
| The whigs start to break apart after the ordeal with kansas, what are they known as? | north are known as the republicans. |
| What is one act of violence example in 1856? | Charles sumner made a speech directed at a southern senator, butler, suggesting or asking where did the mollato children come from. Butler's nephew then beat sumner over the head. he couldn't escape cause of the nails in the chair to the floor. |
| What is the second act of violens in 1856? | John brown and his sons wanted revenge because the city of lawrence was burnt to the ground by pro slave people. He killed every male. brutally. he was an abolitionist. |
| By what date does the whig party disappear completely? | 1856 |
| Who is president during 1850? | Fillmore |
| Who does fillmore direct attention to? | The threat of the catholics and the lds. the know nothing party. |
| Who are the candidates for the 1856 election? | Dems: James Buchannen from pennsylvania. The know nothings nominate Millard Fillmore. The republicans nominate John Freemont. |
| Why did freemont loose to penn, illinios, and indiana? | Penn because that was James Buchannin's home state. Illinois and indiana because Steven douglas said that if you vote for freemont its a vote for black equality. |
| Why is lincoln the perfect candidate for the next election? | He was born in kentucky, grew up in indiana and settled in illinois. |
| What was the dread scott decision? | declared that no black was a citizen and so could not sue. |
| what is Lincoln's opinion concerning the dred scott case? | he says that happiness is when you can eat the bread you sow. every balck person should be granted the ability to have life liberty and the persuit of happiness. |
| What is positive protection? | our slaves are our property and the govt must protect our property. we can take our property anywhere we want. |
| who are the candidates for the 1860's election? | southern dems: John Brekinridge (positive protection). Northern dems: Steven douglas (popular sovereignty). Reps: Lincoln (slavery is wrong but will not recede) |
| why does lincoln speak out agains the lds and the roman catholic church? | to get the votes of the know nothing party. |
| South carolina is the first state to suceede. what do they say? | 1. They repeal the south carolina ratification of the constitution. 2. All laws made in D.C are now null and void in south carolina. 3. They severe all ties to political parites. |
| Why can't south carolina support lincoln? | they cannot stand to be in a country where its leader is profoundly against the institution which is funding the south. |
| What six states follow south carolina's sucession? | Texas, Louisiana. Georgia. Florida. Alabama, Mississippi. |
| why did no one take the sucession very seriously? | mail and trains and boats were still being exchanged. nothing had changed. |
| What do the seven states do in alabama? | they create the confederate states of america with a constitution, and they elect jefferson davis as president. |
| What is the story of harper's ferry? | John brown emerges from his wilderness and captures the military arsenal at harper's ferry. he was captured, put on trial and hanged. |
| Why do the south begin to prepare for war? | after the trial for john brown, they see the northerners sing and know that given the chance they will come to kill us all. |
| What does lincoln say at cooper's union? | he says calm the f down south. we aren't touching your slavery. |
| what happens at fort sumpter? | two forts are running really low on food supplies. they need to restock. but they are in enemy territory. lincoln says i just need to send them supplies. but the csa order that the flag be lowered and attack the fort. sucession has turned to rebellion. |
| what does lincoln blame the war on? | he does not say its about slavery. he says its about the south not likeing that they lost the lection. |
| How did we determine who was on our side? | northern states were with the union, the slave states who hadn't declared sucession were all sent letters to see which side they were going to fight for. Misouri was left out. it was in civil war. Kentucky: neutral.Delaware:Slave state for the union. |
| What advantages did the north have over the south? | more men. larger factories to produce goods and textiles. Naval ships to import goods from england. Foreigners to join the army. |
| What advantages did the south have over the north? | They had unity of cause. every last one of them besides Rhett butler believed in the constitution of slavery. they had also been preparing to fight the war for a year and a half before the north declared.they are also fighting on home turf. |
| why is maryland's decision on which side they are for important? | if maryland were to choose to side with the confederates the south will have already won because the us capitol is behind enemy lines. |
| How does lincoln ensure he gets maryland? | he suspends the bill of rights in maryland. and orders the arrests of anyone who is suspected of being pro confederate. |
| What was Robert e. lee's first battle? | he is sent to virginia to lay down rebel virginians that don't believe in rebellion. he looses. |
| Who beats rober e lee's during his first battle? | George McClellan |
| who is irwin McDowll? | Is chosed to lead the us forces into virginia to capture the southern capitol. |
| What happens at mannassas junction? or bull run? | The families are walking behind the union army. Southern boys have been training for 1.5 years. Doesn't know that a train is coming which is bringing in tens of thousands of soldiers.Rebels yell the rebel chant union forces flee. South victory. |
| Who is stonewall jackson? | he is first seen at the battle of manassass junction or bull run. |
| What is the anaconda strategy? | included a blockade of all southern ports. you can't eat cotton. also we start to create armies in the west to capture the mississippi. which will knock out three csa states. |
| what is the name of the army that lincoln amasses and who does he put in charge? | the grand army of the republic. McClellan |
| What are important naval vicoties during the war? | The union captures port royal. and ship island. |
| Who is U.s Grant? | forms an army of 15k men and will take the mississippi. |
| what is u.s. Grant's plan to take the mississippi? | He will take it from land. on tennesse's side. where there are two forts. henry and donnelson. he attacks and notices that they have absolutely no provisions left. the fort surrendors. |
| With the million man army, how are they clothed, fed, etc.? | Lincoln asks congress for money. 3-4 million per day. He will tax. you will buy bonds and end the gold currency and replace it with paper money. |
| Who did lincoln choose to write contracts with? | Shaffner, marx and Hart were given 10mil dollar contracts for shoes. Studebaker for wagons. Armour for canned food. |
| How is the demand for the food met for the northern boys? | the north take it all and say we will feed our boys. |
| who is ambroise burnside? | He captures roanoake island. The slaves there want to join the union army. they made them into cooks or washers. |
| how does lincoln change his opinions about blacks? | he begins to see them as being less inferior than he originally thought. |
| what else does lincoln change about his veiws on the war? | well ith pressure from england, he changes the reason they are fighting the war. problem is, he will loose the support of the north if he starts petitioning this war as for black freedom. |
| what does lincoln allow blacks to do? | well first he frees every slave in the rebellion states and are able to join the gar. |
| Why is the fact that blacks can join the army a slippery slope? | if you allow them to join the army then it isn't such a big leap to grant them citizenship.becoming a biracial society. |
| Why does McClellan step down as leader of the gar? and who is appointed next? when | he can't support a war that is surrounding the blacks especially if they are going to be joining as soldiers. Ambroise burnside. 1862 |
| What happened at fredricksberg? | it was a hill. \ lee was at the top. burnside orders his union army to go up that hill. by the end union has lost 21k. it started to rain and it became known as the mud march.they drowned in it. he retreated, cried and asked to be relieved of command. |
| What happens at murphysboro? | significant because it shows the north that they are not secure in their position in tenn. |
| By 1862, which political party is gaining strength in the north? | the peace democrats. |
| Who is joe hooker> | wantes a military dictatorship. he is now the new commander for the gar. but warns that if he wins the war he will take the country by force. let hookers follow the army to boost morale. |
| What happens at the battle of chickamagua? | 1863. rosecrans was misinformed that there was a gap in his lines and by fixing the mis informed problem he created a real gap. |
| What happens at chancellor's ville? | Hooker is confident. Stonewall jackson is surrounding him from behind.Jackson and lee attack simultaneously. Hooker panics and retreats. |
| What happens with vicksberg? | It is on the mississippi river. on a cliff. grant tries to gun it from the wrong side but can't. if they shut down this fort they win the river. Jefferson davis wants to support vicksberg, but lee says no. we go on the offensive elsewhere.... |
| What happens with vicksberg?2 | grant asks andrew foot to run the vicksberg blockade. he chooses the blackest night while grant marches away to confuse the fort where they are going to attack. |
| why did lee go to ghettesberg? | his boys need shoes. there is a shoe facotry there. they take the city. but the militia under command of bufford, there retreat to cemetry ridge. |
| what was wrong with lee's assumption that hooker wil get scared and run? | lincoln fired joe hooker and appoints a worthless pos named Gordon as head of the gar. |
| who is hancock? | he is a low level general. and will fortify the end of the hill known as little round top. |
| what is lee's plan for ghet? | to attack both ends of the hill. the gar commander will panic and surrendor just like they had done in the past. he sends longstreet to attack little round top. their attacks are not coordinated cause it took longstreet a while to reach his position. |
| who is joshua chamberlain? | he is a french teacher. he is running out of ammo and loosing men. he does not call for reinforcements but instead calls to fix bayonets and charge. which end up breaking the southern line. |
| What does lee then do when little round top fails to retreat or fall? | he decides to attack the middle of the hill cause he thinks he knows that since the two sides have both asked for reinforcements that it will be the least defended area. |
| Why do the southerners say that the north cheated at ghet? or better yet how do the northerners win the battle of ghet? | they dig up the burial ground and stack the stones on top of one another so they get maximum protection. then they stick their rifles through little holes and fire at confederate soldiers. |
| what happens to the governor of ohio? | he was arrested based on the fact that lincoln ordered all politicians who dissented against the war to be detained. |
| What happens at the battle of chattenooga? | |
| what does U.S grant create when he is put in charge of the gar? | he creates two armies. the armies of the west who he puts sherman in charge of. and the army of tenn who he puts george thomas in charge of. |
| Who is george thomas? | at the battle of Chickamauga, there was a mistake in the orders, and there ended up being a hole in the union lines. when he saw this, he got off his horse, grabbed a flag, stood in the center of the hole and started to sing the union song. |
| Why is president lincoln worried about ending the war so quickly? | he knows that he is not going to win the next reelection and knows that the next president will not have the balls to move forward enought to win this war. if they don't win before he steps down, they don't win period. |
| What happens at kennesaw mountain? | 1864. grant changes thew ay they fight the south. he surrounds lee's army and pummels him with artillary shells day and night. |
| What does grant ask for? | 500k more men. so lincoln imposes a draft. |
| what is the lousiana model? | 10% of your people must take the oath of allegiance and emancipation. all but those serving in the highest ranks of the army can vote. |
| what is the crisis of 1864? | The war. Sherman is stopped cold by john bell hood. Grant is pummeling the south but still needs more men which means a draft. The issue of civil liberties |
| who is john bell hood? | |
| Who is Vallandistam? | he is the governor of ohio. he says this war is a failure and urges no ohio man to ever volunteer to fight for this war.he is arrested. put on trial. found guilty and sent below 3630. |
| who is henry davis and Wade and what do they do? | They are congress men. they create the wade davis plan. Which says you cannot vote if you supported in anyway the south. |
| Who does lincoln run with? | Andrew johnson |
| Who is andrew johnson? | He is from tenn. He is a democrat. he hates slavery. |
| Who runs against lincoln in the 1864 election? | They vote in McClellan as the other party. |
| What does lincoln do when he realizes that he can't win the next election? | he makes each of his cabinet members sign a peice a paper saying they will loyally serve the next president. |
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