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US History Final
US History Semster 1 Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alexander Graham Bell | inventor of the telephone |
| John D. Rockefeller | operated Standard Oil |
| Andrew Carnegie | founder of a steel company in Pittsburgh |
| Eugene V. Debs | head of the american Railway Union |
| Samuel Gompers | head of the American Federation of Labor |
| industrial union | represented all workers in a particular industry |
| Pacific Railway Act | began the railroad boom |
| holding company | owns stock in companies that produce goods |
| Charles Darwin | developed the theory of evolution and natural selection |
| Andrew Carnegie | believed that those who profited from society owed it something in return |
| Chester A. Arthur | a Stalwart who became president in 1881 after Garfield was assassinated |
| Plessy vs.Ferguson | established the doctrine of "separate but equal" |
| Scott Joplin | the "King of Ragtime" |
| Ida B. Wells | launched a crusade against lynching |
| D.L. Moody | revivalist who believed the way to help the poor was by redeeming their soals |
| Booker T. Washington | founder of the Tuskegee Institute |
| Jane Addams | opened Hull House in Chicago |
| William Jennings Bryan | Populist and Democratic presidential nominee in 1896 |
| Atlantic Compromise | African Americans should postpone the fight for civil rights and prepare themselves educationally and vocationally for full equality |
| Mark Twain | author who wrote novels in local dialect with a lively sense of humor |
| Thomas Eakins | perhaps the best known American realist painter |
| Jim Crow | term for a system of laws that enforced discrimination |
| lynchings | hangings without proper court proceedings |
| Hay-Pauncefote Treaty | gave the US the right to build and control a canal through Central America |
| Anglo-Saxonism | the Us had a duty to shape "less civilized" areas |
| Pan-Americanism | idea that the US and Latin America should work together |
| protectorate | local rulers had to accept advice from an imperial power |
| Matthew C. Perry | led a naval expedition to Japan in 1853 |
| William Howard Taft | practiced "dollar diplomacy" |
| Liliuokalani | unsuccessfully sought a new Hawaiian constitution |
| Theodore Roosevelt | "Speak softly and carry a high stick" |
| John Hay | negotiated an Open Door policy with European powers and Japan |
| Emilio Aguinaldo | Filipino revolutionary leader |
| sphere of influence | area where a foreign nation controlled economic development |
| yellow journalism | sensational reporting in which writers often exaggerated or made up stories |
| boxers | a secret Chinese society organized to fight against foreign control |
| Pancho Villa | troops under the command of General Pershing were sent to capture him |
| Andrew Carnegie | business leader who argued against annexation of the Philippines |
| initiative | allowed a group of citizens to introduce legislation and required the legislature to vote on it |
| commission plan | divides a city's government into several departments |
| temperance | movement for moderation or elimination of alcohol consumption |
| referendum | allowed proposed legislation to be submitted to the voters for approval |
| muckraker | journalist who investigated corruption and scandal |
| 17th amendment | provided for the direct election of US senators |
| 19th amendment | guaranteed women the right to vote |
| prohibition | banned the manufacture, sale , and consumption of alcohol |
| Meat Inspection Act | passed in response to The Jungle |
| Children's Bureau | investigated and publicized problems with child labor |
| Bernard Baruch | stockbroker who led the War Industries Board |
| Four-Minute men | gave patriotic speeches urging support of the war effort |
| John J. Pershing | leader of the american Expeditionary Forces during World War 1 |
| George Creel | appointed to head up the Committee on public information |
| J. Edgar Hoover | headed up the General intelligence Division later to become the FBI |
| contraband | goods prohibited from shipment to Germany or its allies |
| propaganda | information designed to influence opinion |
| Black Hand | Serbian nationalist group behind assassination of Archduke Ferdinand |
| Liberty Bonds | method of loaning money to the government to pay for war |
| espionage | spying to acquire government secrets |
| general strike | paralyzed the city of Seattle in 1919 |
| armistice | a truce to stop fighting |
| Sedition and Espionage Acts | passed to limit criticism of war effort and spying |
| Fourteen Points | Woodrow Wilson's peace plan |
| Langtson Hughes | writer who became a leading voice of the African maerican experience in the United States |
| welfare capitalism | a system in which companies allowed workers profit sharing, medical care benefits, and pensions |
| Marcus Garvey | leader of the "back to Africa" movement |
| Charles Lindbergh | pilot of the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight |
| Duke Ellington | composer, pianist, and bandleader whose sound was a blend of improvisation and orchestration |
| mass media | helped spread the new ideas and attitudes of the 1920s |
| bootlegging | illegal production and distribution of liquor |
| the managerial revolution | increased the ranks of the growing middle class |
| evolution | idea that human beings developed form lower forms of life |
| Henry Ford | increased workers" wages in 1914 to $5 per day |
| cooperative individualism | form trade associations an dshare information with the federal government |
| supply-side economics | growth through lower taxes |
| Al Capone | gangster in Chicago during Prohibition |
| Bessie Smith | singer who seemed to symbolized soul |
| "Model T" | enormously increased manufacturing efficiency |
| John Steinbeck | wrote The Grapes of Wrath, about a family fleeing the Dust Bowl |
| Okies | migrants headed west in search of better lives |
| bank run | many depositors withdrawing money at once |
| speculation | investing in the stock market hoping for a quick profit |
| Black Tuesday | worst single day in the history of the stock market |
| Alfred E. Smith | Democratic candidate in the 1928 election |
| Herbert Hoover | blamed for the Great depression |
| shantytowns | communities of makeshift shacks on public lands |
| Dust Bowl | drought-related conditions in the Great Plains |
| margin call | stockbroker's demand for immediate repayment of a loan |
| stock market | system for buying and selling shares of companies |
| Grant Wood | painter of the 1930s |
| installment plan | buying now and making payments each month |
| William Faulkner | novelist who won the Nobel Prized for Literature |
| Walt Disney | brought Mickey Mouse to life in 1928 |
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taytayhster
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