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U.S. History
Final Ch.16-20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| divided territory into two parts | Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| attempted to ban slavery in territories won from Mexico | Wilmot Proviso |
| declared Congress unable to ban the slave trade between slave states | Compromise of 1850 |
| proslavery person who rode from Missouri to Kansas to battle antislavery forces | Border Ruffian |
| runaway person | fugitive |
| one who sacrifices his or her own life for beliefs | martyr |
| plan proposed by Henry Clay to keep the number of slave and free states equal | Missouri Compromise |
| the right of people to create their government | popular sovereignty |
| created to keep slavery out of the western territories | free-soil party |
| fighting between people of the same country | civil war |
| to leave or withdraw from a group | secede |
| described the evils of slavery | Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves | Fugitive Slave Act |
| legal case brought to settle a dispute between people or groups | lawsuit |
| case that led to the decision that enslaved people were not allowed to file lawsuits | Dred Scott v. Sandford |
| use of hit-and-run tactics | guerrilla warfare |
| gun warehouse | arsenal |
| actions against one's country | treason |
| a group started by Free-Soilers northern Democrats and antislavery Whigs | Republican party |
| the senator from Kentucky made a last effort to save the Union by trying to extend the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific | John Breckinridge |
| the choice of southern Democrats for President in 1860 came from Kentucky | Jefferson Davis |
| the presidential candidate of the Constitutional Union party in 1860 was a moderate who wanted to keep the Union together | John Bell |
| the president of the Confederate States of America was chosen in 1861 | John Crittenden |
| Neither side won a clear victory in this battle, which took place in Maryland in September 1862 | Battle of Antietam |
| this battle, one of the bloodiest of the war, took place in a village on the Tennessee River | Battle of Shiloh |
| During this battle, Lee's men dug into the crest of a hill and mowed down wave after wave of charging Union forces | Battle of Federicksburg |
| on its maiden voyage, this Confederate ironclad destroyed two Union ships | Virginia |
| the first Union ironclad held its own in battle but was unable to claim a victory | Monitor |
| the Confederates won this battle in Virginia but lost General Stonewall Jackson | Battle of Chancellorsville |
| to set free | emancipate |
| statement issued by President Lincoln that freed slaves in the Confederate states | Emancipation Proclamation |
| all-black regiment whose members "proved themselves among the brave of the brave" | 54th Massachusetts |
| northerner who opposed using force to keep the South in the Union | Copperhead |
| tax on people's earnings | income tax |
| law reguiring men to serve in the military if they were called | draft |
| right to be charged or to have a hearing before being jailed | habeas corpus |
| rise in prices and decrease in the value of money | inflation |
| person who charged excessive prices for goods the govrnment desperately needed for the war | profiteer |
| those who led the opposition to President Johnson wanted to break the power of southern planters | Radical Republicans |
| the amendment that forbade any state to deny African Americans the right to vote because of their race was ratified in 1870 | Fifteenth Amendment |
| the South was divided into five military districts under army control during the period following 1867 when Republicans in Congress overrode President Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights Act | Radical Reconstruction |
| the House of Representativesvoted to bring formal charges against President Johnson | impeach |
| the Republicans passed the amendment granting citizenship to all people born in the United States | Fourteenth Amendment |
| white southerners who held power befor the Civil War and wanted the South to change as little as possible | Conservatives |
| name given to southerners who supported the Republicans | scalawags |
| secret society that worked to keep African Americans and white Republicans out of office | Ku Klux Klan |
| people who worked land owned by others in exchange for part of the crops at harvest time | sharecroppers |
| Mexican cowhands | vaqueros |
| settlements where cattle were held until they could be loaded on railroad cars and shipped to markets in the East | cow towns |
| long trips during which cattle herds were moved from Texas north to Kansas and Missouri | cattle drives |
| led his militia in a massacre of an Indian village | Colonel John Chivington |
| group of farmers who pool their money to buy seeds and tools at lower prices | cooperative |
| farmer who had to cut through thick grass to reach the soil below | sodbuster |
| shelter made of soil held together by grass roots | sod house |
| buying or selling things in large quantities at lower prices | wholesale |
| increased prices | inflation |
| width of track | guage |
| system of connected lines | network |
| combine | consolidate |
| discount | rebate |
| in which several companies agreed to divide up business in an area and fix prices at a high level | pool |
| method of production in which workers add parts to a product as it moves past them on a belt | moving assembly line |
| making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply | mass production |
| license for a new invention | patent |
| across-the-ocean | transatlantic |
| rule by the army instead of the elected government | martial law |
| chose to be with the Confederacy and later became commander of the Confederacy | Robert E. Lee |
| military encirclement of an enemy position and blockading or bombarding it in order to force it to surrender | siege |
| men and women who had been slaves | freedmen |
| the rebuilding of the South | Reconstruction |
| a government pardon | amnesty |
| amendment that banned slavery throughout the nation | Thirteenth Amendment |
| laws that severely limited the rights of freedmen | black codes |
| to bring formal charges against someone | impeach |
| enclosure for capturing livestock | corral |
| financial aid or a land grant form the government | subsidy |
| dried meat prepared by Native American women | jerky |
| railroad that stretches across a continent | transcontinental railroad |
| requiring voters to pay a fee each time they voted | poll taxes |
| required voters to read and explain a sectionof the Constitution | literacy test |
| stated that if a voter's father or grandfather had been eligible to vote then the voter did not have to take a literacy test | grandfather clause |
| legal seperation of races | segregation |
| trapped southern blacks in a hopeless situation | Jim Crow laws |
| Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal so long as facilities for blacks and whites were equal | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| self-appointed law enforcers | vigilantes |
| enabled steel makers to produce strong steel at a lower cost | Bessemer process |
| gaining control of all the steps used to change raw materials into finished products | vertical integration |
| a business that is owned by investors | corporation |
| shares in the business | stock |
| shares of a corporation's profit | dividends |
| a group of corporations run by a single board of directors | trust |
| controlls all or nearly all the business of an industy | monopoly |
| businesses are owned by private citizens | free enterprise system |
| banned the formation of trusts and monopolies | Sherman Antitrust Act |
| replacements for striking workers | strikebreakers |
| people who oppose all forms of organized government | anarchists |
| a union of persons working in the same trade | trade union |
| the right of unions to negotiate with management for workers as a group | collective bargaining |
Created by:
cmcfadden
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