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APUSH 1st Final
APUSH 1st Semester Fianl
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which treaty in 1494 divides the new world between Portugal & Spain? | Treaty Of Tordesillas |
| Who claims Florida in 1513? | Ponce De Leon |
| Who explored the Mississippi River Valley in 1539-1542? | Hernando Soto |
| In 1565 Spanish founded the 1st city in Florida which is? | City Of St. Augustine |
| Who explores the coast of California? | Sir Francis Drake |
| In 1584-1587 what is the name of the 1st attempt at an English colony called? | Roanoke |
| In 1607 The British establish a colony with bad land, malaria, rich men, & no gold what was it called? | Jamestown Colony |
| For each adult a person payed passage to this system was known as the? | Headright System |
| In 1608 the 1st French established colony was called? | Quebec |
| In 1614 John Rolfe introduced the cultivation of _______ In Virginia. | Tabacco |
| In 1619 the first _______ slaves were brought to America. | African |
| In 1619 Virginia begins with a representative assembly known as? | The House of Burgesses |
| The _______ ________ was signed in the Plymouth Colony in 1620 and they agreed to rule by majority. | Mayflower Compact |
| In 1624 what did the Dutch founded? | New York |
| In 1629 Massachusetts Bay was founded & was known as the what? The Gov. was Winthrop and they had Bi-cameral legislature & schools | City Upon A Hill |
| Rhode Island is founded by who and was for Religious Tolerance ? | Roger Williams |
| In 1636 what college was found in Rhode Island and what was it's purpose? | Harvard & to train young men for the ministry |
| Maryland was a safe haven for who? | Catholics |
| Mercantialism in 1650-1696 The NAvigation Acts were enacted by parliment to? | Limit trade, put tax on items |
| In 1672 Blue Laws of Connecticut were what? | Death codes for disagreeing with parents or bible |
| In 1676 Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia was? This was the first uprising agaist British | Bacon wanted frontier protection from royal Gov. Berkley |
| William Penn Founded what? This was a safe haven for Quakers and had the 1st library | Pennsylvania |
| In 1682 The North did what kind of things? | Set up laws/ codes Brought Families Less land = closeness Social and economic mobility Puritan work ethic. Better relations w/ Indians |
| In 1682 The South did what kind of things? | Depended on crops - kills land Less urbanized Poorer communication, transportation Indian problems Slower defense |
| In 1689-1713 King William's War was also known as ? | The was of the League of Augsburg |
| In 1692 The Salem ______ Trails happend. | Witchcraft |
| In the 1700's enlightenment was? | reason, natural rights, deism (God made the universe but doesn't control it) -John Locke, Adam Smith, Rousseau |
| Some of the colonies Characteristics were? | Bi-cameral legislature Town meetings Mobocracy to oppose authority Courts/law No standing armies White, male, landowneres vote No British troops Legislature - governor is puppet Small, Balanced, Elected |
| In 1702-1713 Queen Anne's War was also known as? | War of Spanish Succession |
| In 1720-1740 Great Awakening leaders were who and what did they want? | George Whitefield, Edwards, Gibbens- threatning - Salvation for alll, exreme piety, Divine Spirit |
| In 1733 an act that put import tax on molasses, sugar, rum was? | Molasses Act - tried to curb trade with French West Indies - not strictly enforced |
| In 1735 the Zenger Trail what happens? This is ground work of freedom of press 1st Amendment | Victory for freedom of press |
| In 1740-1748 King George's War was also known as? | War of the Austrian Succession |
| In 1754-1763 The French and Indian War | -Over Ohio River Valley - trade/settlement -French build forts - Fort Duquesne -& are friendly w/ the Indians -English Gov. Dunwittie has stock in Ohio Land Company-sends George Washington to expel the French |
| In 1754 Albany Plan of Union was for? | Defense fails and shows disunity of colonies |
| Albany Plan of Union - Colonies Reject | -Taxation by colony, crown, and colonial gov. -Southern stated don't want to participate in Northern wars -Representation based on how much money each colony gives -British should be responsible for protection -President not elected |
| Albany Plan of Union - Crown's Rejection | -Colonies make own laws -Colonies have own protection -Colonies have right to declare war |
| what Happens in the election of 1856? | Buchanan defeats Fremont and Fillmore |
| What is the Dred Scott decision? | Slaves are properly to be taken anywhere-allows for slavery in North Missouri compromise unconstitutional |
| What happens in the Panic of if 1857 | Depression, and Buchanan does not d anything about it. |
| What is John Brown's Raid (1859) | Harpers ferry to free slaves |
| What is the Crittenden Compromise | Last attempt at amendment against barring slavery below 36' 30 line--fails |
| For Succession: | North violates rights-doesn't enforce fugitive laws. history-right to abolish a destructive government. MOney from treasury goes northern interests, government for the north. gov takin away property |
| Against Succession: | Not truly free and independent states, agreed to follow majority, gave up rights to join union |
| What happened in the Civil War: | The cilvil war begins at fort sumter, Beauregard fires first shot. necessity knows no law- lincoln increases army, navy, 1st income tax, green backs, no freedom of press or speech, Villangden jailed. confederacy established |
| Paxton Boy's Rebellion of 1763 | dissatisfied about frontier protection in PA |
| Salutatory Neglect ends in 1763 what is it? | Salutary neglect was a British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, meant to keep the American colonies obedient to Great Britain |
| In 1764 how did England benefit from sugar imports to America? | Pay Their debt |
| What did the acts in 1764 result? | -Cut Molasses Act in Half Objection -1st diresct tax - "No taxation w/o representation" |
| What did the Confederacy Constitution include? | No protective tariffs, states could impeach federal officers, slavery protected, no federal funded improvements, states supreme, 2/3 house to appropriate money(problem) |
| In 1765 The Stamp Act did what? | - tax on printed materials to "keep troops in colonies" -colonist don't want standing army -Sons of Liberty enforce non-importation -Stamp act congress -> Protest stamp act -we buy only from England, and deserve equal privleges |
| what is Ex Parte Marryman? | Lincoln suspends habeas corpus and passes martial law in Maryland-Taney says only congress can suspend suspend Habeas Corpus. |
| Pacific RR Act-1862 | Partially fed funded gave land for RR |
| The Quartering Act if 1766 made colonies? | support British troops |
| The townshend Act | - tax lead, paint, paint, paper, glass, tea -colonies react by non-importation, Samuel Adams Circular letter -Governor of Mass suspends legislature |
| What is the 10 percent plan? | lenient plan must plan allegiance 1863 |
| Sand Creek Massacre | Chivington attacks defenseless indian village 1864 |
| 1865 Civil War ends | Lee surrenders to grant at Appomattox, VA |
| What's Johnson's amnesty plan? | pardons almost all confederates |
| what is the 13th amendment? | abolishes slavery |
| What is Ex parte Milligan | military courts cant try civilians when civil courts are open |
| 1867- what is grange? | organization formed by kelly for social educational reform for the farmer--farmers face deflation debt, drought depression |
| In 1770 two massacre events were? | The Boston Massacre & Golden Hill Massacre in NY |
| In 1772 Samuel Adams organize the what>? | Committees of Correspondence |
| What was the Gaspee Incident? | British ship burned- attempt to collect taxes |
| The Tea Act in 1773 results | price of goes up "taxes" - gives England a monopoly & Boston Tea party - dump tea into sea |
| In 1774 The intorable acts were to punish who for what? | Boston for the tea party |
| Boston Port Act | closes Bostons port |
| Massachusetts Government Act? | No town meetings, no trial by jury, military rule, Quartering Act -Quebec added to Ohio Valley |
| What happens in the 1st continental congress in Philly? | -Moderate don't want to split from England **-Demand rights to Englishmen(Virginia Resolutions) -Joseph Galloway- Plan of Union- council with delegates from colonies, president by Crown-rejected -Declaration of Rights and Resolves- Reject intolerable a |
| 1775 Battles of Lexington and Concord | English vs. US |
| Second Continental Congress | -More Radical -Issued "Declaration of Causes and Necessity of Taking up Arms" -Appoint George Washington as commander -Oliver Branch Petition -last attempt to reconcile- rejected |
| In 1775 R.H. Lee's Resolutions stated | should be independent states |
| 1867-What are the the reconstruction acts? | divide south into 5 military units protect black voting, est new constitutions. |
| What is the tenure of office act-1868? | pres cant remove any appointed official without senate consent declared unconstitutional -- congress cant take away powers from pres |
| what it the 14th amendment-1868? | all persons born naturalized within US citizens are citizens equal protection |
| what is the 15t amendment 1870? | right to vote cannot be determined by race, color, etc |
| What are the force acts 1870? | to protect the constitutional rights guaranteed to blacks by the 14th amendment and 15th |
| 1873 what are the slaughterhouse cases? | 14th amendment Am doesnt place fed govt under obligation to protect basic rights concerning monopolies. |
| In 1776 what did America do? | Declaration of Independence |
| Causes of declaration... | Thomas Paine "Common Sense Battle of Long Island and Trenton |
| The Battle of Saratoga in 1777 resulted | Turning point in Revolution |
| In 1777 Because of Dickinson congress adopts | The articles of Confed. |
| Articles of Confed. had independent states, have some duties and restrictions, each state one vote, Individual states can't enter into alliances w/ foreign states, Can't enter alliances or hold treaties w/o consent of congress and | union for defense, delegates appointed annually, freedom of speec/debate, Can't wage war w/o consent, Money in treasury depends on value of land, Can't control trade |
| The transcontinental treaty | Got Florida from Spain - Jackson invades, romove Spanish threat |
| Panic of 1817 | land speculation, banks can't pay loans of Bank of US = bank runs |
| McCulloch v. Maryland- | |
| 1820 Missouri Compromise | Maine admitted as free state and Missouri a slave state but no slavery north of Missouri |
| Land Act | reduced price of lan and encouraged development |
| 1822 Cumberland Road Bill | to build roads & Monroe vetos it |
| 1823 Monroe Doctrine declared | No future colonization of this hemisphere |
| Treaty w/ Russia | got everything under 54th parallel |
| 1824 Election John Quincy Adams(Rep) defeats Andrew Jackson (Rep) & Clay (Rep) | Jackson's "Corrupt Bargain" |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | interstate trade controlled by fed. courts |
| 1825 what canal is opened | Erie canal |
| In 1826 Panama Conference (PAN American) | Congress doesn't send ambassador to avoid slavery issue |
| 182 Tariff of Abominations | protective - south opposes |
| South Carolina expositions and Protest - by Calhoun | reaffirms right of state to nullify |
| what happened in the 1872 Credit Mobilier Scandal? | stock holders of RR construction company overcharge gov for job. |
| Civil Rights Acts 1875: | gave blacks equal rights |
| !876 Battle of bighorn? | custer killed |
| What is US v. Reese | allows voting qualifications literacy test, poll tax, grandfather clause |
| What is Munn v. Illinois 1877? | if in interest of public good, than states can regulate prices reasonably |
| in the Election of 1828 what does Jackson promise | to limit executive power, internal improvements, lower debt |
| In 1829 Marysville Road Bill Veto | Only withing Kentucky |
| 1829 Webster (nationalist) - Hayne (states rights) Debate | Began over Tariff of Abominations |
| When did The 2nd Great Awakening happend? | 1830's |
| 1831 The liberator begins publication | abolitionist become vocal -Nat Turner |
| What did Cyrus McCormick invent | the reaper |
| 1831-1838 Trail of Tears | Southern Indian removed to Oklahoma |
| Tariff of 1832 | raised tariffs again & calhoun resigns |
| Force Bill | allows president to do what is necessary to enforce tariff |
| Ordinance of Nullification | South Carolina nullifies tariff - Clay negociates and reduces tariff |
| Andrew Jackson vetos Bank of US | they recharter it |
| Department of Indian _____ established. | affairs |
| Seminole war w/ ________ begins. | Indians |
| Cherokee Nation v. Georgia | Fed. govt. has control, Not Georgia |
| Agreement w/ _________ to open West Indies ports | Britain |
| 1833 Roger Taney removes federal funds from Bank of US by order | thinks bank is unconstitutional |
| Andrew Jackson was president from what time? | 1828-1836 |
| what is the compromise of 1877? | Hays becomes president troops withdraw from south. |
| 1878 What is Hall v. DeCuir? | Allowed segregation |
| What is the Bland-Allison Act 1878? | coined limited number of silver |
| what is the treaty of 1878? | get rights to pago, samoa |
| 1778 Treaty of Alliance | it is beween the US and france sends navy and army |
| What is the treaty of peace 1783? | us violated the articles of confederation, independence recognized, granted fishing rights, loyalist restitutions of property, Britain withdraws from forts (not really) free navigation of mississippi. |
| what is the land ordinance 1785? | government responsible over territory |
| what is the treaty of hopewell 1785? | ends hostilities with cherokee |
| what is Shay's rebellion 1786? | depression no market no hard currency farmers poor |
| what is the annapolis convention 1786? | agreement between states fails |
| 1787 what is the constitutional convention in philadelphia? | it was to revise articles. |
| What was included in the constitution? | 1. house of reps: sole power to impeach, bill revenue, senate-try impeachements congress-tax, excese, duties, commerce regulation, declare war, raise army 2. executive-commander, make treaties with consent, appoint judges 3. supreme court-look next! |
| 1835-1836 Texas War for Indy. | "Lone Star Republic" |
| Specie Circular | western land must be paid by hard currency |
| Election of 1836 | Harrison (Whig) defeated by Van Burden (demo.) |
| In 1837 US recognizes the Republic of _____. | Texas |
| What college enrolls its first women students? | Oberlin |
| Charles Bridge v. Warren Bridge | only strict interpretation of contract |
| Panic of 1837 | in part due to Jackson's withdrawal of funds from Bank of US Van Burden does nothing |
| 1938-1839 Aroostook "War" | bloodless boundary dispute between Maine and New Brunswick |
| 1840 Indy. Treasury System | constructs vaults to hold fed. $$ |
| Election of 1840 | Harrison (whig) defeats Van Buren -Harrison dies b/c of pneumonia & VP John Tyler becomes president |
| Democrats | Jackson, Calhoun, Van Buren, Benton "Republicns" Against monopolies and privilege Decrease tariff For state rights |
| Whigs | Clay, Webster, John Quincy Adams, Harrison "Federalist" For national power; Bank of US Increase in tariffs Internal improvements |
| Tyler was a democrat in ______ clothing. | Whigs |
| In 1841 the Independent Treasury Act was | repealed |
| In 1841 ______ vetos the recharder of Bank of US | Tyler |
| Preemption Bill | to disribute money from sale of western land to states - bill defeated |
| 1842 Tariff Bill | raised back to 1832 status |
| Dorr Rebellion | Rhode Island rebellion agaist land qualifications for voting - tyler puts down |
| 1839 Webster - Ashburton Treaty | ends boundary dispute |
| 1842 Oregon Trail | migration |
| Election of 1844 | Polk (Dem) defeats clay (whig) and birney (Liberty-anti slavery) |
| 1845 Taxes annexation bill | by tyler- permits admission of texas and florida |
| In 1846 Elias Howe invented? | sewing machine |
| 1846-1848 Mexican american war | General Taylor provokes Mexicans by moving into disputed Rio Grande/Neuces River -3 part plan to take over mexico - decide against |
| constitution contd | 3. supreme court-original jurisdiction 4. protection against invasion, domestic and foreign 5. 2/3 of both houses to amend constitution |
| What is the great compromise? 1878 | bi-cameral legislature (equality in senate popular in house) 3/5 compromise |
| what is judiciary act? 1789 | establish courts beneath supreme court |
| What was in the bill of rights? 1791 | 10 rights |
| What is hamilton's program? 1791 | debt is good, tie interests of rich, promote home manufacturing, alliance with britain. |
| Slidell Mission | Slidell sent to negotiation -rejected by Mexico |
| 1846, 1847 Wilmot Provisto | no slavery in new states formed from Mexico land - reject |
| 54" 40' or Flight | Get Oregon below 49th paralle |
| Walker Tariff Bill | lowered tariff |
| 1847 Polk doctrine | resurrection of Monroe Doctrine concerning admittiting new states into union |
| 1848 Trist Mission | Trist negociates Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| What are the benefits of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? | got territories of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, & Wyoming *Gold was discovered in Cali |
| **Womens Rights Convention | held in Seneca Falls in NY headed by Mott and Stanton |
| Election of 1848 | Taylor (whig) defeats (DEm. father of pop. sovereignty)& Van Burden (Free Soil - abolitionist) - Taylor dies (1850)- Millard Fillmore VP |
| Clay's Compromise of 1850 | passes as separate acts during Fillmore- but violated -California as free state -Other areas-popular soverignity -US takes Texas banned in Washington -Fugitive slave law strengthened |
| Commodore Mathew Perry opens ______ to US trade. | Japan |
| Who won in the electionof 1852? | Pierce (demo) |
| 1853 Gadsden Purchased | buy land from Mexico to build RR |
| Uncle Toms Cabit | stowe |
| TheKansas-Nebraska Act | passed to create two states for a RR to go west - slavery in states determined by pop. sovereignty - North fears overturn of Missouri Compromise |
| New England Emigrant Aid Society | into kansas/ Nebraska territory |
| 1854-1859 Bleeding Kansas | Topeka (free soilers) govt. vs. recogizes new govt. |
| 1856 Lawerence Mob Violency | Abolitionist materials burned |
| Pottawatomine Massacre | John Brown kills four pro-slavery ppl |
| what is the whiskey rebellion? 1794 | poor farmers dont want to pay excise tax wash uses trops to put them down |
| what is the pickney's treaty 1794? | it is with spain free navigation of mississippi river right of deposit at new orleans |
| what is the XYZ affair? 1796 | france attacks Am ships and makes unreasonable demands no money no war |
| What are the alien and sedition acts 1798-1799 | virginia and kentucky resolutions gave states right to nullify if unconstitutional anti alien and sedition acts |
| what was the fries uprising 1799? | oppose federal tax on property |
| what is the logan act? 1799 | citizen cant represent gov |
| what is the convention of 1800? | hamilton negotiate with france we pay to Am attacked by france |
| what is mabury v madison? 1803 | supreme court declares parts of the judiciary act of 1789supremem court could declare law unconstitutional and pwers of court only given in constitution |
| what is the 12th amendment? 1804 | separate ballots for president and VP |
| What is essex junto 1804 | federalist organization in New England attempts to succeed |
| what is the embargo act? 1807 | stop exports no war, no impressment- federalist object to cut off trade |
| what is fletcher v pack 1810? | action of state can be declared unconstitutional |
| what is battle of tippecanoe? 1811 | harrison defeats indian tecumseh who made alliance with indians for defense |
| What is the war of 1812? | to protest trade, stop impressment, protect mercantilism |
| 1814 what is treaty of ghent? | ends war with a status quo, era of good feelings begins |
| 1814 what is the hartford convention? | federalist against the war of 1812 and mercantile practices of madison |
| what was the american colonization soceity? 1816 | they wanted to relocate free blacks to liberia |
| What is Henry Clay's american system? 1916 | federally founded domestic improvements and protective tarriffs |
| 1817 what is rush-bagot disarmament? | between us and britain to get fishing rights |
| what is the convention of 1818? | enforcement of fishing rights N. Louisiana boundary at 49 parallel |
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