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exam review vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| joint stock company | backed my investors |
| indentured servant | men and women sold their labor to the person who paid their passage to the colony |
| puritans | a religious group that left england to escape bad treatment |
| William Penn | another large landowner in america |
| Roanoke | a colony that failed twice |
| charter | a written contract |
| House of Burgesses | a meeting place |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | laws that were a constitution |
| Quaker | they believed that all people should live in peace and harmony |
| Jamestown | the first permanent English settlement |
| pilgrims | a Separatist group who founded Plymouth |
| Royal Colony | there is no rule |
| John Smith | a soldier and adventurer |
| Mayflower Compact | an agreement that the men aboard the Mayflower signed |
| proprietary colony | has an owner of the colony |
| James Oglethorpe | founded georgia for refuge |
| backcountry | ran along the appalachian mountains |
| smuggling | importing or exporting goods illegally |
| overseer | men hired my planters to watch over and direct the work of their slaves |
| subsistence farming | farmers who produced enough food for themselves and sometimes a little extra to trade in town |
| cash crop | crops raised to be sold for money |
| appalachian mountains | they stretch from eastern canada to alabama |
| triangle trade | the name given to a route with three stops |
| diversity | variety |
| navigation acts | had four major provisions designed to ensure that england made money from their trades |
| indigo | a plant that yields a deep blue dye |
| great awakening | a religious movement |
| benjamin franklin | a famous american enlightenment figure |
| salutary neglect | a hands off policy |
| albany plan of union | the first formal proposal to unite the colonies |
| proclamation of 1763 | forbade colonists to settle west of the appalachians |
| jonathan edwards | one of the best known preachers |
| john locke | the english philosopher |
| john peter zenger | publisher of the new-york weekly journal |
| george whitefield | drew thousands of people with his sermons |
| magna carta | this document guaranteed important rights to noblemen and freemen |
| french and indian war | a final war, decided which nation would control he northern and eastern parts of north america |
| treaty of paris 1763 | ended french power in america |
| pontiac's rebellion | the indians attacked the british who were refusing their supplies and taking their land |
| enlightenment | emphasized reason and science as the paths to knowledge |
| parliament | englands chief lawmaking body |
| king george the third | the british monarch |
| boycott | a refusal to buy |
| quartering act | a cost saving measure that required the colonists to house the british soldiers |
| stamp act | this law required all legal and commercial documents to carry an official stamp showing that a tax had been paid |
| patrick henry | a member of virginias house of burgesses |
| sons of liberty | a secret society that opposed british policies |
| townshend acts | a way to raise revenue in colonies |
| writs of assistance | search warrants |
| samuel adams | a leader of the boston sons of liberty |
| boston massacre | the shooting and killing of 5 laborers |
| committee of correspondence | groups that exchanged letters on colonial affairs |
| boston tea party | a group of men disguised themselves as indians and boarded three tea ships and destroyed 342 chests of tea |
| intolerable acts | a series of laws to punish the massachusetts colony |
| 1st continental congress | a meeting in philadelphia to vote on banning trade with britain |
| paul revere | a boston silversmith and a second messenger |
| loyalist | those who supported the british |
| patriot | those who sided with the rebels |
| lexington and concord | the first battles of the revolutionary war |
| 2nd continental congress | another meeting in philadelphia and agreed to form a continental army |
| benedict arnold | an officer who played a role in the victory at fort ticonderoga |
| thomas jefferson | he wrote the declaration of independence |
| declaration of independence | that the U.S would become independent |
| sugar act | this law placed a tax on sugar, molasses, and other products shipped to the colonists |
| thomas paine | he published common sense |
| tea act | gave the british east india company control over the american tea trade |
| george washington | the commander of the continental army |
| mercenary | a professional soldier hired to fight for a foreign country |
| strategy | an overall plan of action |
| battles of saratoga | a series of conflicts that led to a surrendur |
| bayonet | long steel knives attatched to the ends of guns |
| desert | leave military duty without intending to return |
| privateer | a privately owned ship that a wartime government gives permission to attack an enemy's merchant ship |
| john paul jones | won the most famous sea battle; naval officer who was a hero |
| lord cornwallis | a british general |
| guerrilla | small bands of fighters who weaken the enemy with surprise raids and hit and run tactics |
| battle of yorktown | american and french troops bombarded yorktown with cannon fire |
| treaty of paris 1783 | ended the revolutonary war |
| valley forge | came to stand for the great hardships that americans endured during the revolution |
| marquis de lafayette | a 19 year old frech nobleman who volunteered to serve in washington's army |
| treason | a sort of crime |
| articles of confederation | a final plan for the national government |
| land ordinance of 1785 | called for surveyors to stake out townships |
| northwest territory | the townships staked out for the land ordinance of 1785 |
| northwest ordinance | described how the northwest territiory was to be governed |
| shay's rebellion | an uprising |
| constitutional covention | the philadelphia meeting |
| james madison | one of the ablest delegates |
| virginia plan | proposed a plan with three branches of government |
| new jersey plan | called for a legislature with only one house |
| great compromise | satisfied the smaller and larger states |
| three-fifths compromise | three fifths of the slave population would be counted when setting direct taxes |
| federalists | those who supported the contitution |
| anti-federalists | people who opposed the constitution |
| the federalists papers | these essays answered to the anti federalists papers |
| george mason | perhaps the most influential virginian aside from washington |
| bill of rights | the ten amendments to the constitution |
| popular sovereignty | a government in which the people rule |
| republicanism | the people exercise their power by voting |
| federalism | a system of government in which power is divided between a central government and smaller political units |
| separation of powers | to avoid having too much power fall into a single groups hands |
| checks and balances | each branch of government can exercise controls over the other branches |
| limited government | closely related to the rule of the law |
| individual rights | personal liberties and privaledges |
| preamble | the intro to the constitution |
Created by:
r0303037
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