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global issues final
development of the atomic bomb
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atomic bomb was developed by | US under "Manhattan Project" |
| what was the 1st use of the Atomic Bomb | Hiroshima |
| what was the 2nd use of the Atomic Bomb | nagasaki |
| what was the outcome of the Nagasaki attack | japan surrendered in the war |
| what was the barach plan | proposed placing the development and use of atomic energy under the control of an independent international agency; rejected by soviet union |
| define compellence | a threat of force aimed at making an adveersary grant concessions against its will |
| how did the US use compellence | US used its nuclear superiority to gain leverage by conveying the impression it would use nuclear weapons |
| define deterrence | dissuading an adversary from attacking by threatening retaliation with nuclear weapons |
| define Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) | provides that if one side launches a nuclear attack that the other side will respond in kind and both will be destroyed |
| what is the basis of deterrence | mutual assured destruction |
| what is Arms Control | agreements to contain arms buildups by setting limits on the number and types of weapons that states are permitted |
| what was the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (Salt 1, 1972) | 1st arms control treaty; limited the number of delivery vehicles that the US and Soviet Union could have |
| what was the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (AMB, 1972) | limited each side to 2 ABM systems (later reduced to 1); US unilaterally withdrew from ABM Treaty in 2001 |
| what is Disarmament | agreements to reduce or elimintate weapons or other means of attack |
| what was the Strategic Arms Redcuction Treaty (START 1, 1991) | US and Russia agreed to reduce their nuclear arsenals to 6000 warheads and 1600 delivery vehicles each; created an extensive inspection and verification mechanism; expired in 2009 |
| what was the New START Treaty | US and Russia limited to 1550 operational warheads; each side limited to 800 delivery vehicles (only 700 could be deployed); creates new inspection regime; expires in 2020 |
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Popular American Government sets