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Architecture Gloss.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pagoda | Multistoried Chinese or Jap. tower with elaborately projecting roofs at each storey. |
| Palaestra | An ancient Greek or Roman building for athletic training. |
| Palisade | A series of wooden posts with pointed tops set in ground vertically as a fence or fortification. |
| Panoptikon | Building with corridors radiating, and observable, from a central point. |
| Parapet | Low guarding wall at edge of a point of sudden drop, such as a roof, terrace, balcony, or bridge. |
| Pargeting | Exterior plasterwork decorated with low relief designs, often used on late Medieval houses. |
| Parodos | In anc. Greek or Roman theater, one of a pair of side entrances between seats and stage. |
| Parti | In French system of architectural thinking, the basic design concept for a building or group of buildings. |
| Party wall | shared wall on dividing line between two properties |
| Pastas | small room before a larger room in anc. GK architecture |
| Pastophory | In a Christian Church, a room near the apse for receiving the congregation's offerings and for storing the Eucharist. |
| Pavilion | 1.an ornamental building, often a garden. 2. a prominent projecting subdivision of a larger building |
| Pedestal | a support for a column, statue or urn. |
| Pediment | originally the triangular gable end of an ancient greek or roman temple. later, any similar crowning feature over a door or window. Sides may be straight or curved. |
| pendentive | a curving triangular surface or spandrel at the corners of a square or polygonal room that makes a transition from the room shape to a circular dome or its drum. |
| per strigas | an ancient greek system of orthogonal city planning "by bands" |
| periaktoi | in a theater, the revolving, triangular prisms on either side of the stage used for scenery changes |
| peribolos | a wall enclosing a sacred area |
| peripteral | surrounded by a single row of columns |
| peristyle | a roofed, columned porch or colonade surrounding a building or courtyard. |
| piano nobile | the main floor of a house, usually one storey abovethe ground floor |
| picturesque | an aesthetic quality characterized by irregularity, asymmetry, ruggedness, and a variety of texture and form. |
| pier | a solid masonry support opten rectangular or sqaure in plan |
| pilaster | a shallow flattened rectangular column or pier attached to a wall and often modeled on an order |
| piling | a group of piles; large; heavy beams driven into the ground to support a structure |
| pillar | a post or column |
| pilotis | the french term for pillars or stilts that raise and support a building, leaving the ground floor open |
| pise | stiff, packed earth or clay used as a building material |
| plat | 1. a ground plan of a building. 2. a map, chart, or plan of a place |
| plateia | a wide street in ancient greek or roman towns |
| plateresque | a 16th century spanish architectural style characterized by lavish decoration that mixes Gothic, Renaissance, and Moorish motifs. |
| podium | a raised platform or base |
| polis | a city |
| polychromy | architectural decoration using a variety of colors or varicolored materials |
| porch | a covered entranceway to a building |
| portal | a monumental entranceway to a building or courtyard |
| portales | a spanish term for arcade |
| portcullis | a massive, movable defensive grating in a fortified gateway |
| portico | a covered entranceway or porch with columns on one or more sides |
| posa | small domed chapels at the corners of an atrio |
| post and beam (lintel) | a contruction system using vertical supports spanned by horizontal beams |
| postern | 1. an inconspicuous minor door or gate 2. the tunnel underneath a city's defenses leading to a secret rear entrance |
| program | a building's uses or activities |
| pronaos | the vestibule of an ancient greek or roman temple with side walls and a row of columns along the front |
| propylaia | a monumental entranceway to a sacred enclosure |
| propylon | an ancient egyptian freestanding monumental gateway before the pylon of a temple |
| proscenium | the stage of an ancient greek or roman theater |
| prostyle | having a row of columns before only one face of a building |
| prytaneion | the public hall in an ancient greek city that housed the sacred hearth and where official and public guests were entertained |
| pseudoperipteral | a building with freestanding columns along its front and engaged columns along its back and sides |
| pylon | the monumental entrance to an ancient egyptian temple |
| quad | a rectangular courtyard enclosed by buildings |
| quoin | one of a series of stones or bricks used to mark the corners of a building, often through the contrast of size, shape and color |
| rafter | one of a series of sloping beams supporting a pitched roof |
| ramma | in trad. japanese arch., a pierced decorative panel between the ceiling and a sliding door frame |
| rampart | a fortification wall |
| ravelin | a freestanding fortification wall, with 2 enbankments that make a projecting angle, placed between a curtain wall and a main ditch |
| refectory | the eating hall in a religious or secular institution |
| relief | carved or embossed decoration raised above a background plain |
| reredos | a decorative screen or wall, of wood or stone, behind an alter serving as a frame for carved or painted religious figures |
| respond | a pilaster or engaged half pier that supports an arch or a vault rib. |
| retable | a painted or carved altarpiece standing at the back of the altar |
| reveal | on a side of a doorway or window opening, the part visible between the door or glass and the outer wall surface. |
| revetment | a wall-facing or veneer of stone, terracotta, metal, wood, or other material |
| revival | the use of older styles or forms in new architecture |
| rhiad | a patio framed by architecture and used as a compositional unit of a complex |
| rond-point | a french circular plaza on which streets converge |
| rood-screen | the screen, often elaborately carved, that separates the nave from the chancel in a Christian church |
| roof-comb | a wall along the ridge of a roof that makes the roof appear higher |
| rotunda | a round hall or building, usually topped with a dome |
| roundel | a circular window or window pane |
| rustication | the separation or regular masonry blocks by deeply cut, often wedge-shaped grooves |
| sacristy | a room in a Christian church where altar vessels and robes are stored |
| sally-ports | a secret gate of underground passage that links the inner and outer walls of a fortification |
| sanctuary | the area around the principle altar in a Christian church |
| scenae frons | in an ancient roman theater, the decorated front of the scenae, which was the back building behind the stage area |
| scholae | ethnic communities at the vatican in the middle ages |
| section | a drawing of a vertical slice through a building at some imagined plane |
| seigneurie | in the medieval feudal system, a lord's manor consisting of the demesne and the tenements |
| serdab | an ancient egyptian closed statue chamber |
| shaft | the main part of a column, between the base and the capital |
| sharawagi | planned irregularity in a garden or town design |
| sofa | a living room in a turkish home |
| solar | an upper room in a medieval house |
| solea | in early Christian and byzantine churches, the elevated walkway between the raised pulpit or ambo and the raised apse platform for the clergy |
| space-frame | a space-enclosing, three dimensional framework made or interconnected geometric elements |
| spandrel | the triangular area between the sides of two adjacent arches and the line across their tops |
| springing point | the point where the curve of an arch begins |
| spur wall | a short wall that projects at a right angle from a main wall |
| square (piazza, place, plaza) | an open area in a city, usually surrounded by buildings or streets and paved or lanscaped |
| squinch | a small arch or series of gradually wider and projecting concentric arches across the interior corners of a square or polygonal room, forming a trasition from the room shape to a circular dome or drum above. |
| stela | an upright stone slab marking a grave |
| stenopos | a narrow road or alley in an ancient greek city. Called angiportus in Latin |
| stereobate | the foundation or platform on which a building or row of columns is erected |
| stereotomy | the art of cutting stone into shapes and figures |
| stoa | an acient greek long, roofed portico with columns along the front and a wall at the back |
| string-course | a projecting horizontal band across an exterior wall of a building |
| strut | a sloping roof beam at right angles to a pitched roof surface, joining a rafter to a collar beam. |
| stucco | an exterior plaster building finish |
| stupa | a buddhist memorial mound that enshrines relics or marks a sacred site. |
| stylobate | the top or top step of the substructure or platform on which columns stand |
| summerbeam | in timber frame construction, a horizontal beam supporting a floor or wall |
| suq | a linear market street in islamic cities |
| taberna | an ancient roman shop or booth |
| tableros | in meso-american architecture, a rectangular framed panel cantilevered over a sloping wall |
| tablinum | in an ancient roman house a room with one side open to the central courtyard or atrium |
| tatami | a straw floor mat used in jap. arch. |
| temenos | a walled sacred enclosure around an ancient greek altar or temple |
| temple front | a building facade or porch with columns and a pediment that resembles an end of a classical temple |
| tenement | an apartment building |
| tensile strength | strength under tension |
| tension | the force tending to bend, stretch, or pull apart an architectural member |
| tepidarium | the moderately warm room in ancient roman baths |
| terrace | 1. a level embankment top, roof or raised platform adjoining a building, often paved or lanscaped for leisure use. 2. a series of attached houses that form a unit |
| terra-cotta | hard, molded and fired clay used for ornamental wall covering, or roof or floor tile |
| thermae | an ancient roman bath complex |
| tholos | 1. a round, corbel-vaulted Mycenaen tomb. 2. any round ancient greek building |
| thrust | outward or lateral stress on a structure |
| tile hanging | a wall covering of overlapping rows of tiles |
| tongue and groove | a wood-joining method in which a long, slightly projecting tongue of one member fits into the correspondingly shaped, long narrow groove of another member |
| torsion | the force tending to twist and architectural member |
| tou-kung | in chinese arch., a cantilevered bracket or cluster of brackets used to support a roof |
| trabeation | contruction using upright posts and horizontal lintels |
| tracery | a pattern of curvilinear, perforated ornament within the upper part of a medieval window or screen |
| transept | the transverse arms of a cross shaped church |
| transom | a horizontal bar across a window |
| travertine | a type of limestone |
| tribune | 1. the apse of a church 2. the gallery in a church |
| triforium | in a medieval christian church, a shallow arcaded passageway opening onto the nave above the nave arcade and below the clerestory |
| triglyph | a vertically grooved block between the metopes in a doric frieze |
| trivium | a place where three roads converge |
| truss | a rigid framework made of small triangular members and designed to span an opening |
| tufa | a porous gray volcanic building stone |
| tumulus | an earth or stone mound over a grave |
| tympanum | the segmented space enclosed by the lintel or beam over a doorway and the arch above it |
| vestibule | an anteroom to a larger hall |
| viaduct | a series of arches supporting a road or railway |
| vihara | an Indian buddhist monastery |
| villa | a country house, sometimes including its outbuildings and gardens |
| volume | the amount of space occupied by a three demensional object |
| volute | a spiral or scroll |
| voussoir | a wedge shaped block that is one of the units in an arch or vault |
| wattle and daub | a construction system using woven branches and twigs plastered over with mud as filling between the larger members of a wooden frame |
| weatherboarding | overlapping horizontal boards used as protective wall covering |
| westwerk | the elaborated west end of a Carolingian or romanesque church |
| wicket | a small door or gate within a larger one |
| ziggurat | a mesopotamian temple tower in the form of a stepped pyramid |
| zoning | the legal restriction that deems that parts of cities be for particular uses, such as business housing and so forth |
Created by:
kerysaford
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