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Reconstruction Swag
AP Reconstruction Unit 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When was Reconstruction | 1863-1877 |
| What 3 major issues were addressed? | 1- how to re-admit the confereate states, 2- what to do with the confederate leaders (jail? vote?) 3- What the status of the former slaves would be |
| What was Lincoln's plan? | once 10% of the former confederates had pledge allegiance, they would become a state. AND state constitutions would be re-written to abolish slavery (13th amendment) |
| What did the 13th amendment do? | abolish slavery |
| 14th amendment? | gave all people born in the US Citizenship |
| 15th amendment? | right to vote for all men. |
| What was the Wade- Davis Bill? | proposed by Congress that suggested 50% of a confederate state had to pledge loyalty. It was pocket-vetoed by Lincoln and NEVER BECAME A LAW |
| What was the Freedman's Bureau? | welfare agency passed by Lincoln to help former slaves get on their feet. It was particularly successful in the area of education. |
| Who became President after Lincoln? | Andrew Johnson |
| Where was Johnson from? | Democrat from Tennessee |
| What was Johnson's feeling about Black people? | He was racist! He hated them. |
| What was Johnson's plan for reconstruction? | Lincoln's plan + 1) non-inclusion of former Confederate leaders and wealthy whites 2) Claimed right to grant indivudal pardons to anyone he pleased |
| Why did Republicans soon hate Johnson's plan? | Johnson pardoned almost all southerners! |
| How did the south evade enforcing the 13th/14th amendments? | Implemented Black Codes which prohibited blacks from renting/buiyuing land, free movement was regulated and they could not testify against whites in court. |
| How did Republicans block Johnson's plans? | They obtained more than 2/3 majority in both houses and overturned his vetoes. |
| What was radical reconstruction? | When republicans dominated southern governments: between 1866-1876 |
| Who were the leading radical republicans? | Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens |
| What did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 do? | 1- divided the south into 5 military districts, 2- Enfranchised all males 21 and older 3- disenfranchised 10% of white males (ex-confederates), 4- said new state constitutions had to ratify 14th amendment |
| What did the Tenure of Office Act do? | It prohibited the President from removing federal officials without Congressional approval- it was made as "bait" for Johnson. They wanted to find a reason to impeach him. |
| Who did Johnson remove from office (in violation of the Tensure of Office Act)? | Secretary of War- Stanton |
| What happened to Johnson as a result of the violation | He was impeached, but fell short by 1 vote for removal of office. |
| What were the goals of the Radical Republicans | 1- to revolutionize southern society by : extending civil rights to freed slaves, educating blacks and redistributing confiscated land. |
| What legislations comprised the "radical" republican program? | 1- Civil Rights Act of 1866, 2- 14th amendment 3- Reconstruction Acts of 1867 4- Tenure of Office Act 5- 15th Amendment 6- Civil Rights Act of 1875 |
| What did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 say? | It said that all African-Americans were legal citizens, but it was INEFFECTIVE because it was NOT ENFORCED |
| What did the Civil Rights Act o 1875 say? | It guaranteed equal accommodations in public places and prohibited exclusion of blacks from juries |
| What is a scalawag? | a southern republican (kind of like a traitor... disliked by southern democrats) |
| What is a carpetbagger? | northern Republicans who were often corrupt profit seekers. |
| Who was Hiram Revels? | First Black Senator elected to Congress |
| What did the freed blacks do to establish independence from white control? | 1- formed black churches 2- establish black schools/colleges 3- establish black communities |
| How did most blacks earn a living after slavery/ | sharecropping (but never really got on their own feet because they had to give 50% of product back) |
| What was the north like during Reconstruction? | lots of corruption/ over production and underconsumption leads to economic depression |
| What were 2 scandals under President Ulysses S. Grant? | Whiskey Ring and the Credit Mobilier Affair |
| What was the Credit Mobilier Affair? | Railroad investors were stealing government money which was supposed to finance RR |
| Who was William "Boss" Tweed? | He stole tax money from the NYC public |
| Who mostly voted for Grant? | Blacks |
| What was the Mississippi Plan? | Used to "persuade" (intimidate) white Republicans to vote Democrat |
| What group came around in 1867 that was the major implementor of the mississippi plan? | The Ku Klux Klan |
| What was the Compromise of 1877? | Determined Rutherford B. Hayes as President and gave the Democrats $ for the southern transcontinental RR/ southerner as postmaster general, withdrawal of remaining federal troops from south and $ to rebuild levees on the lower Mississippi |
Created by:
bnet02
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