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Civil War
Stack #77330
| Civil War | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Fort Sumpter | A federal outpost in Charleston, S.C. that was attacked by Confedeate Troops beginning the Civil War |
| border states | Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland and Missouri, slave states that did not join the Confederacy |
| Winfield Scott | Developed a two part strategy: 1) Destroy the South's economy with a naval blockade of southern ports 2) gain control of the Mississippi River to divide the South |
| cotton diplomacy | This was the idea that Great Britain would support the confederacy because it needed the South's raw cotton to supply its booming textile industry |
| Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson | American Confederate General, he led the Shenandoah Valley campaign and fought with Lee in the Seven Days battles and the First and Second Battles of Bull Run |
| First Battle of Bull Run | The first major battle of the Civil War, and the Confederates victory. The battle is also known as the First Battle of Manassas. It shattered the North's hopes of winning the war quickly. |
| George B. McClelland | American army general put in charge of Union troops and later removed by Lincoln for failure to press Lee's Conferate troops in Richmond. |
| Robert E. Lee | American soldier, he refused Lincoln's offer to head the Union army and leave the Confedeate forces. He successfully led several major battles until his defeat at Gettysburg, and he surrendered to the Union's commander, General Grant, at Appomattox Court. |
| Seven Days' Battles | On June 26th, Lee attacked launching a series of clashes known as the Seven Days' Battles that forced the Union army to retreat from near Richmond. |
| Second Battle of Bull Run | Jackson's troops met Pope's union forces on the battlefield in August 1862. Also called Second Battle of Manassas |
| Battle of Antietam | Also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, was the bloodiest single day battle of the Civil War-and of U.S. history. |
| ironclads | Ships heavily armoured with iron. |
| Ulysses S. Grant | 18th president of the U.S., received a field promotion to Lt. Gen. in charge of all Union forces after leading a successful battle. |
| Battle of Shiloh | The Union army gained greater control of the Mississippi River valley. |
| David Farragut | American soldier he was the first commissioned African Admiral and in the Civil War he captured New Orleans and maintained a blockade along the Gulf Coast against Confederate forces. |
| Seige of Vicksburg | General Grant's troops began the Seige of Vicksburg in mid-May 1863, cutting off the city and shelling it repeatedly. |
| emancipation | The freeing of slaves |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Lincoln finally wrote the E. P., the order to free the confederate slaves. |
| contrabands | Escaped slaves |
| 54th Massachusetts Infantry | Consisted mostly of free African Americans in JUly 1863, this regiment led a heroic charge on S.C.'s Fort Wagner. |
| Copperheads | Midwesternersthat sympathized with the South and opposed abolition |
| habeas corpus | A constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment. |
| Clara Barton | Founder of the American Red Cross, she obtained and administered supplies and care to the Union soldiers during the Civil War |
| Battle of Gettysburg | A key battle that finally turned the tide against the Confederates. |
| George Pickett | American general in the Confederate Army, he was famed for Pickett's Charge, a failed but heroic effort at Cemetary Ridge in the Battlefield of Gettysburg often considered a turning poiint of the Civil War. |
| Gettysburg Address | President Lincoln gave this speech in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War. |
| Wilderness Campaign | Union troops launched the W.C., a series of battles designed to capture the Confederate Capital at Richmond, VA. |
| William Tecumseh Sherman | American Union officer, his famous march to the sea captured Atlanta, GA marking an important turning point in the war. |
| total war | Sherman destroyed civilian and economic resources. |
| Appomattox Courthouse | Where Lee surrenderd to Grant,thus ending the Civil war. |