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Chap 6: Ancient Rom
Ancien Rome and Christianity
| Identification/Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Twelve Tables | Twelve laws written down and hung in the forums around 451 B.C.The Plebeians wanted written laws because officials would change the law into what favored them not the people. |
| Plebeians | middle/lower class citizens of Rome |
| Patricians | wealthy landowning citizens of Rome |
| Veto | When the consul overrules/denies a law |
| Tribune | Plebeian representatives; tribunes would protect the plebeians from unfair acts of the patricians. |
| Tetrarcy | a rule of four |
| Consul | Two roman officials;Patricians |
| Punic Wars | Three wars that were fought between Rome and Carthage. First was in Sicily, then Rome, and then the last one was in Carthage. |
| Pyrrhic Victory | a victory with devastating loss to the winner |
| Etruscans | The people north of Italy who started Rome; Northern Italy is where the Indo-Europeans migrated to first. |
| Aeneid | Virgil's most legendary latin literature. This epic is about praising Rome and it's virtues; Written around 20 B.C |
| 1st Triumvirate | Julius Caesar,Pompey, and Crassus were he first group of Rome of three to rule it this way. |
| Julius Caesar | a military leader who became consul in 60 B.c. He was in the first triumvirate |
| Rubicon River | The river that was the limit of Caesar's command. Julius marched over the river to defeat Pompey's army. |
| 2nd Triumvirate | Octavian, Mark Anthony, and Lepidus |
| Stoicism | A philosophic school founded in Athens. |
| Senate | Patricians; Aristocratic branch of Rome's government. |
| Actium | Octavian defeated Marc Anthony at this Navel battle; |
| Oligarchy | a rule by a few powerful people; the first and second triumvirate. |
| "Pax Romana" | The period in roman time when there was peace and prosperity; Augustus established this. |
| "Divide and Conquer" | Diocletian divided the empire into two each having a co-ruler and then having an overall ruler. He separated it into Greek-speaking East and Latin-speaking West |
| Hannibal | A Carthaginian general who wanted to destroy Rome because they got in his way of conquer; Punic War general of Carthage |
| Executive Power | Supreme Court; Has power to execute laws |
| Pantheon | Ancient Roman temple build out of stone to worship all the Gods in. |
| Constantinople | The New capitol of Rome; Its name was once called Byzantium |
| Corpus Juris Civilis | Body of civil law; the collective title of the body of ancient Roman law as compiled and codified under the emperor Justinian in the 6th century A.D. |
| Diocletian | a strong-willed military leader who restored the empire, increased the size of it, and he claimed to be a descent of Augustus one of the Roman gods. |
| Augustus Caesar | Was one of Rome's most powerful ruler who establishes "Pax Romana" and makes a sound government. |
| Heresy | Opinions or ideas that contradict or disrespect another religion. |
| Latifunda | a large estate or farm that controlled all the food. |
| Praetorian Guard | The Roman emperor's bodyguard |
| Romulus & Remus | Twin sons of the god Mars and a latin princess; raised by a she-wolf and built the city for its strategic location and fertile soil. |
| Legislative power | Congress; Has the power to execute laws |
| Edict of Milan | a letter signed by emperors Constantine I and Licinius that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman Empire |
| Carthage | Last place of Battle in the Punic Wars; They were warring with Rome |
| "Struggle of the Orders" | Struggle when new institutions were created in Rome |
| Constantine | He was the Roman empire who ended the Christian persecution in Rome and made it the new religion in Rome. |
| Spartacus | Led slaves in the 3rd servile war |
| "Diaspora" | The scattering/ forced movement of a people. |
| Aqueduct | a building that brings water to the cities; Also acted as a bridge. |