Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APUSH Unit 4
APUSH Unit 4 Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were two other names for the Jacksonian Democracy? | Rise of the Common Man & Mass Democracy |
| What were the three characteristics of Jacksonian Democracy? | political & social democracy, rapid expansion of the West, president as representative of all the people |
| What was the example of political democracy during Jackson's presidency? | universal manhood suffrage - vote to all men regardless of property |
| What was the example of social democracy during Jackson's presidency? | decline of deference - power of opinion in the hands of common man |
| What did Jackson set up to deal with the BUS? | wildcat banks/"pet banks" - lots of speculation |
| How did Jackson contribute to the boom/bust economy during his presidency? | put all the money from the BUS into "pet banks" without the constitutional authority to do so - censured by the Senate |
| What two events resulted from the "pet banks"? | Bank War & Panic of 1837 |
| What court case was associated with the Trail of Tears and what did it state? | Worcestor vs. Georgia - in favor of Cherokee |
| What was the Trail of Tears? | Cherokee forced to move to OK |
| What was Jackson's view of the presidency? | emphasizes leadership of the executive branch in the interests of the people - increases presidential power |
| How did Jackson defy the other two branches of government? | freely vetoed congressional bills (12 vetoes) & feuded openly with the Supreme Court (ignored SC ruling in Cherokee case) |
| What was Jackson's greatest legacy? | solving the Nullification Crisis of 1832 without a Civil War |
| What are the dates for the Age of Jackson? | 1828-1840 |
| What was Jackson's reform regarding the selection of presidential candidates? | national convention attended by state delegates was used instead of the state legislatures |
| What was Jackson's reform regarding the election of the president? | popular vote instead of state legislatures - overall increase in number of elected officials |
| What was the Spoils System? | repayment of political debts by appointment of "friends" to office |
| What was one of the main economic aspects of Jacksonian Democracy? | gap b/w rich and poor widens in NE due to early industrialization |
| What were the causes of the Panic of 1837? | excessive western land speculation, destruction of 2nd BUS, wheat failures due to the "Hessian fly", British bank failures |
| Who were the candidates for the Election of 1824? | Jackson (most popular), JQ Adams, Crawford, Clay |
| What was the Corrupt Bargain? | JQ Adams won the Election of 1824 due to Clay's efforts even though Jackson was more popular |
| What was the Tariff of Abominations? | tariff put on imported goods to promote industry in the North |
| What was the significance of John C. Calhoun and the South Carolina Exposition & Protest? | Nullification Crisis - state can deem a federal law unconstitutional |
| What was the significance of "concurrent majority"? | set up to prevent the tyranny of the majority |
| What was the significance of Daniel Webster and the "Perpetual Union" Theory? | states cannot secede from the Union - rebutted the ideas of Hayne |
| Which two parties comprised the Second Party System? | Whigs & Democrats |
| Who was the leader of the Second Great Awakening? | Charles Finney - evangelical revivalist |
| What were the views of the Unitarians on the Second Great Awakening? | did not support it at all |
| Who were the most influential in the NE during the Second Great Awakening? | Presbyterians & Congregationalists |
| What was the significance of the Temperance Movement? | alcohol prohibition |
| What were the duties of women in the Cult of True Womanhood? | piety, purity, submission, domesticity |
| The Cult of True Womanhood was not __________. | inquisitive |
| Who was Horace Mann? | father of education - promoted public schools |
| What were the McGuffey readers? | textbooks of the day |
| What were the ideas of Cesare Beccaria? | "prison reform is better than capital punishment" |
| Who was Dorothea Dix? | established a prison asylum |
| What major movement was linked to abolitionism? | Women's Rights Movement |
| Who were the major leaders in the Women's Rights Movement? | Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony |
| What was the Seneca Falls Convention? | launched Women's Rights Movement, women gathered to declare their rights |
| Who was the advocate for utopian socialism and where was his utopian society? | Robert Owen - New Harmony, IN |
| Who was Charles Fourier? | French advocate of utopian socialism |
| What was the society set up by John Humphrey Noyes? | Oneida Community |
| Who began the Mormon religion? | Joseph Smith |
| What did Brigham Young do? | sent the Mormons to Utah |
| What did Mother Ann Lee do? | created the Shakers society |
| Who were the two major advocates of transcendentalism? | Ralph Waldo Emerson & Henry David Thoreau |
| What did Ralph Waldo Emerson write? | essay on self reliance |
| What did Henry David Thoreau write? | Walden |
| What did Alexis deTocqueville write? | Democracy in America |
| What did Democracy in America address? | Tyranny of the Majority & the American Paradox |
| wrote "The American Scholar" & "Self Reliance" | Ralph Waldo Emerson |
| wrote Walden & "Civil Disobedience" | Henry David Thoreau |
| established the Oneida Community | John Humphrey Noyes |
| worshiped by the Shakers as the female incarnation of God | Ann Lee |
| French advocate of "Phalanxes" | Charles Fourier |
| founded New Harmony | Robert Owen |
| greatest revivalist of the Second Great Awakening | Charles Finney |
| "father" of the Public School Movement | Horace Mann |
| author of famous reader used by school children in the 19th century | William McGuffey |
| Italian who wrote for prison reform & against capital punishment | Cessare Becarria |
| argued for separate asylums for the mentally ill | Dorthea Dix |
| for women's suffrage, refused to include "obey" in marriage vows | Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
| Quaker who helped organize the Seneca Falls Convention | Lucretia Mott |
| founder of the Mormons | Joseph Smith |
| led the Mormons to Utah | Brigham Young |
| wrote Democracy in America | Alexis de Tocqueville |
| best example of a successful Fourier Phalanx | North American Phalanx |
| followers of a Calvinistic Baptist minister who taught that the 2nd coming of Christ would come in 1844 | Millerites |
| taught that God had one been a man and that all men can become divine | Mormonism |
| % of schoolchildren in this area about 70% | North |
| % of schoolchildren in this area bout 33% | South |
| first of the new penitentiaries or criminal asylums in 1821 | Auburn, NY |
| first of the new mental asylums established in 1833 | Worcester, MA |
| forbade sale of intoxicating beverages | Maine Law of 1851 |
| site of the first women's rights convention | Seneca Falls, NY |
| female editor of Godey's Ladies Book | Sarah Josepha Hale |
| opened the first school for pupils with hearing impediments | Thomas Gallaudet |
| believed to contribute to moral regeneration of the inmate | solitary confinement |
| influential Unitarian minister | William Ellery Channing |
| What was the origin of the Reform Movement? | restoring order to a society made disorderly by economic & social change - growth of industry & cities |
| What was the purpose of the Reform Movement? | impose moral direction on these social, cultural, & economic changes through individual & institutional reform |
| Where was the Reform Movement centered? | in da North |
| What was the prime motivating source behind reform? | religion - Protestants & Christians |
| What are the characteristics of reform? | change for the better, gradually, partially, peacefully |
| What are the characteristics of revolution? | entire system must go, NOW, violence is justified |
| What are the prerequisites for reform? | system that allows reform, belief that reform is possible |
| What are the prerequisites for revolution? | oppressing system that tolerates no opposition, belief that reform is not possible |
| How did urbanization & industrialization lead to the rise of reform movements? | industrialization & urbanization much more pronounced in the North before Civil War --> reform movements |
| How did the emergence of public schools contribute to reform movements? | must be able to read signs, papers, etc. |
| How did the prominence of the mentally ill & criminals contribute to reform movements? | more in a city - more asylums & prison reforms |
| How did the desire for women's rights contribute to the reform movement? | middle/upper class that are educated demand equal rights |
| What were the other causes of the reform movements? | Jacksonian Democracy & Second Great Awakening |
| Who led the Democratic Party? | Martin van Buren |
| Who comprised the Democratic Party? | small property owners, wage earners, small southern planters, some businessmen |
| Who founded the Democratic Party? | Jackson |
| What were the principles of the Democratic Party? | broadened suffrage, opposition of the BUS, territorial expansion, advocacy of free competition, pro-slavery, states' rights, strict constitution |
| Were the Whigs Catholic? | NO |
| Who founded the Whigs? | Clay & Webster |
| Who comprised the Whigs? | commercial, banking, business interests, large southern planters, western farmers |
| What were the principles of the Whigs? | BUS, high tariff, internal improvements, conservatism, national power, loose construction, anti-slavery, anti-expansionist |
| Which party, Whigs or Democrats, was more united? | Democrats |
| Which party was comprised more of the evangelical Protestants? | Whigs |
| Which party attended more of a ritualized service? | Democrats |
| Which party favored classes who enjoued traditional amusements that were condemned by the moral reformers? | Democrats |
| Which party advocated smaller cities devoted to market farming? | Whigs |
| Which party restrained individualism and enforced values derived from Puritan tradition? | Whigs |
| Who was the leading advocate of Manifest Destiny? | James Polk |
| What was the goal of Manifest Destiny? | extend democracy, future need for land, God destined it, racism against Indians & Mexicans |
| Which states comprised the Mexican Southwest? | NM & CA |
| What is the significance of the Oregon Territory? | Oregon Trail, "54 40 or fight" (wanted ALL of Oregon), ceded by Britain |
| What were the sources of tension regarding the annexation of Texas? | religion, slavery, & province within Mexico |
| Why did the Whigs turn against John Tyler? | he opposed the entire Whig legislature program |
| When was the Mexican War? | 1846-1848 |
| What was the cause of the Mexican War? | US wanted CA, NM, etc & border dispute (Nueces vs. Rio Grande) of Texas, Mexican failure to pay debts to US for damages |
| Which general "started" the Mexican War? | Zachary Taylor |
| What was the most famous battle of the Mexican War? | Battle of Buena Vista |
| What ended the Mexican War? | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| What were the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? | Mexican Cession - reopens slave vs. free debate**, Rio Grande is the border |
| Who opposed the Mexican War? | Lincoln ("Mr. Polk's War") & Henry David Thoreau ("An Essay on Civil Disobedience") |
| Did Polk deliberately provoke war with Mexico? | NO! - he only wanted California and war seemed like the only option |
| Who was Frederick Jackson Turner? | wrote the frontier thesis |
| Supreme Court ruled that Georgia law could not be enforced in the Cherokee Nation | Worcester vs. Georgia |
| established boundary of Maine; US gained more land | Webster-Ashburton Treaty |
| decree that required all public lands to be purchased with "hard" money | Specie Circular |
| sent to Mexico City to offer $25 million for CA and territory to the east | John Slidell |
| banks in which Jackson deposited federal money; chief weapon in his struggle with the US bank | "pet banks" |
| SC senator who sought to safeguard minority interests in the Southin a debate with Webster | Robert Hayne |
| former TN governor; tragic marriage, alcoholism, lived with Indians, Texas commander-in-chief | Sam Houston |
| two American generals who led the main invasion forces in Mexico | Zachary Taylor & Winfield Scott |
| vetoed by Jackson, would have provided funds for internal improvements & infrastructure | Maysville Road Bill |
| guide who accompanied Fremont; showed Kearny the way from Santa Fe to CA | Kit Carson |
| first state law to ban the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages (prohibition) | Maine Law of 1851 |
| two able and experienced leaders of the Whigs who had hoped to govern through a weak president | Daniel Webster & Henry Clay |
| term used by de Tocqueville in Democracy in America which described why, although individuals have legal freedom in American democracy, there is great pressure for them to conform | tyranny of the majority |
| left "obey" out of her marriage ceremony; advocated women's suffrage | Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
| wrote Birds of America | John James Audubon |
| edited a transcendentalist journal | Margaret Fuller |
| opposed prisons for confinement of the insane | Dorothea Dix |
| Quaker, woman delegates to London anti-slavery conference not recognized | Lucretia Mott |
| sisters who spoke at anti-slavery gatherings | Angelina & Sarah Grimke |
| wrote of the rugged individual; hero - Natty Bumpo | James Fenimore Cooper |
| wrote Knickerbocker's History of New York | Washinton Irving |
| excelled in the horror short story | Edgar Allan Poe |
| wrote Walden | Henry David Thoreau |
| said "Europe stretches to the Alleghenies; America lies beyond."; transcendentalist | Ralph Waldo Emerson |
| vice president under Jackson, changed from a nationalist to a Southern sectionalist | John C. Calhoun |
| first dark horse candidate to be nominated for the presidency | James K. Polk |
| daughter of a Washington boardinghouse keeper who married Secretary of War under Jackson | Peggy Eaton |
| most talented actress of the 1800s | Charlotte Cushman |
| woman author who wrote on living within one's income in response to the 1837 economic panic | Hannah Forsham Lee |
| raised money to launch a "female seminary", now Mount Holyoke College | Mary Lyon |
| fur trader and real-estate speculator millionaire | John Jacob Astor |
| What did the Kansas Treaty promote? | railroad system |
| What prevents the Tyranny of the Majority and protects minorities? | federalism |
| first professional architect in the US; completed the Capitol building in DC; cathedral in Baltimore | Benjamin Henry Latrobe |
| MO senator, expansionist, wanted to stand up to Britain over the Oregon Territory issue | Thomas Hart Benton |
| ignored the Supreme Court's protection of the SE Indian tribes | Andrew Jackson |
| New Yorker, president, architect of Independent Treasury Bill | Martin van Buren |
| lost the 1828 election to Jackson | John Quincy Adams |
| first vice-president to become president when a president died | John Tyler |
| first president to die while in office, gets Tyler into presidency | William Harrison |
| granted land tract by Mexico to bring in settlers of the Roman Catholic faith | Stephen F. Austin |
| helped overthrow Mexican rule in CA | John C. Fremont |
| born a slave, freed in 1810, mountain man in VA, lived among the Crow Indians in the W, member of Gen. Kearney's forces in CA | James Beckwith |
| KY anti-slavery leader, presidential candidate of Liberty party in 1840, free soil platform | James Birney |
Created by:
Tiffanyy
Popular U.S. History sets