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SI, Autism, MR
PEds 3rd Exam prep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the near senses? | Vestibular, Proprioception, Tactile |
| What are some suspected causes of SI? | Toxins, hereditary, birth trauma, environmental deprivation, other d/o |
| Signs of SI dysfuction | Normal IQ, Uneven development, poor balance, clumsy, low tone, sensory reactive, poor fine motor, behavior problems, ADHD, Autism |
| How is SI evaluated? | SIPT (Sensory Integration Praxis Test), Clinical obserations, TIP (touch inventory for preschoolers), TIE (touch inventory for Elementary school-aged children) Postrotary Nystagmus, Parent & teacher interview |
| Sensory Modulation disorders | Sensory registration problems - seems oblivious to pain, cold; Sensation seeking - needs intense stimulation; Over responsiveness - tactile defensive, gravitational insecurity |
| Strategies from How Does Your Engine Run? | change level of alertness through self by mouth, move, tactile, look, listen |
| What is habituation? | ability to tune out familiar input to focus on what is important (subconscious) |
| Do older children need as much sensory input as younger? | NO - as children grow they become more integrated and need less sensory nourishment |
| Signs of a vestibular disorder | the child will have proprioceptive problems like difficulty with head movements, midline jerk, poor equilibrium/balance, visual scan/track problems, low muscle tone, RL confusion, confused hand preference |
| Signs of dyspraxia- motor planning disorder | clumsiness, difficulty sequencing moves, body transitions are hard, physical skills take longer to master, do better if shown, too much/too little force |
| Signs of sensory discrimination/perception problems | poor tactile perception, difficulty interpreting touch info, may use vision to compensate, poor stereognosis, automatic tasks take lots of energy/tire out child, fine motor below age level |
| Sensory modulation disorder signs | over-sensitivity or responsiveness to certain sensory inputs, gravitational insecurity, sensation seeking, don't register cold, hot, pain |
| How common are sensory processing problems? | as much as 10% of general population |
| OT tx for SI | fit chores with sensory needs, routine - sensory nourishment scheduled, teach child to take responsibility for sensory needs |
| What is the fastest growing developmental disorder? | Autism - increasing by 10-17% each year |
| What is the ratio of males to females with autism? | 4:1 |
| Which disorder that is categorized as a Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) should every child be screened for? | Autism |
| Developmental disorder with disturbances in social interactions; disturbances in communication; disturbances in behavior; disturbances in sensory & perceptual processing | Autism |
| Causes of autism | toxins, intestinal inflammation, genetic - |
| What is autism often mistaken for? | OCD, ADHD, MR |
| What is ABA? | Applied Behavior Analysis - intense behavior modification approach that uses immediate small rewards |
| What do autistic children need? | structure |
| What is "errorless teaching"? | a component of ABA or VB - request child do something (motor/verbal), guide hand to it and reward them |
| How can you teach an autistic or aspergers child about social interaction? | use of Social Stories to illustrate social problem solving - unsuccessful/successful behavior |
| Suggestions for working with autistic children | give them time to decompress; calm approach, beware of touch; try to channel self-stim into socially acceptable behavior; keep verbal requests simple & direct; break tasks into discrete steps, limit background, sensory input |
| Asperger's syndrome | Sever, sustained impairment of social interaction, repetitive patterns of behavior, obsessive interests, halting speech, no delays in language or cognitive delay |
| OT Tx for autism | Teach group social skills, problem solving, diversity interests, don't set too many rules - or you will reinforce rule-bound tendency, educate, be consistent, |
| How is MR determined? | a score of 68 & below on Stanford Binet IQ test or 70 and below in Weschler Intelligence Scale for children |
| What is borderline MR? | IQ of 70-80 |
| IQ of 50-70 is capable of what? | Mild MR - considered educable up to 6th grade, can live alone w/S, must follow routine, perceptual skills not good, can be inappropriate |
| Moderate MR | IQ of 36-50 (can be educated up to 2nd grade), need consistent routine, sheltered workshop, poor hygience, group home, learn basic survival skills |
| Severe MR | IQ of 21-35, may learn a form of communication, needs P & V cues for self care, constant S, group home, often multiple orthopedic & medical problems |
| Profound MR | I! of 20 & below |
| What % of pop is MR? | ~3% |
Created by:
sherryama
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