Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Histology Blood Vess
UMDNJSOM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Blood Vessels function | Transport blood to and from tissues Bidirectionally. Includes arteries, veins, and capillaries |
| Lymphatic Vasculature function | Collect and return excess extracellular fluid to the bloodstream unidirectionally. Includes lymphatic vessels and lympathic capillaries. |
| Tunica Intima | Innermost layer facing lumen. Simple Squamous. Basal Lamina. |
| Tunica Media | Middle Layer. Circumferentially arranged Smooth muscle and fibroelastic CT. Smooth muscle produces extracellular components. |
| Tunica Adventitia | Outermost Layer. CT, Collagen, Elastic Fibers. Vaso Vasorum and Nervi Vascularis maintain components of the walls. |
| Arteries | Bring blood from heart to tissues. Thicker tunica media than veins. Regularly Shaped lumen. Three Types. |
| Elastic Arteries | Largest. Elastic Lamellae that compensate for changes in pressure. found in vessels directly leaving heart. Internal elastic membrane separates TI from TM. External elastic separates TM from TA. |
| Tunica Adventitia of elastic arteries | Contains nerves and vaso vasorum, which are small blood vessels that supply to the walls |
| Tunica Intima of elastic arteries | Endothelium with various amounts of underlying CT. Weibel Palade bodies, rod like organelles that contain von willebrand factor found in endothelial cells. |
| Tunica MEdia of Elastic arteries | Circularly arranged SM with fenestrated elastic sheets. SM synthesize collagen and elastin. |
| Muscular Arteries | Middle. Distributing vessels that allow selective allocation of blood to organs depending on the need. TI thinner, prominent IEM. TM less elastic, more SM. TA thick, separated from TM by EEM. |
| Small Arteries and Arterioles | Smallest. Regulate distribution of blood to capillary beds using vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Small arteries have 8-10 SM layers. Arterioles have 1-2 layers. |
| Capillaries | One layer of highly permeable endothelial cells. continuous, fenestrated, discontinuous. |
| Continous Capillaries | muscle, lung, CNS, heart, Skeletal muscle, most organs. Transcytosis by pinocytocic vesicles. |
| Fenestrated Capillaries | endocrine glands. Pinocytotic vesicles. Less inhibited than continuous. Tissues with fluid transport. |
| Discontinuous Capillaries | Liver, spleen, marrow. pore like basal lamina. allow passage of large molecules in places where you have a ton of exchange. called sinusoids. irregular. |
| Normal route and the exceptions | Arteries>capillaries>Veins. Arteriovenous anastomose(AV SHUNT) and Metarteriole. |
| Veins | Convey blood form body tissues to the heart. |
| Veins vs Arteries | Veins have thinner wall, lumen more irregular, Tunica layers not as distinct. TM has fewer SM, TA is thicker. Veins have valves. Veins have No clear IEM. |
| Atypical veins | venous channels that vary from organ to organ |
| Venules | Small veins, exchange of materials. postcapillary venules - endothelial lining and pericytes. muscular venules have 1-2 layers of SM |
| Medium Veins | Valves since most are found in legs and work against gravity. TI - endothelium. TM - circulary arranged SM. TA- thicker than TM with collagen and Elastic fibers. |
| Large veins | Thin TM and TA is the thickest layer of vessel wall. Sm may be seen in TM, not arranged circularly. |
| Lymphatic Vessels | Removes protein rich fluid from intercelular space to the bloodstream. Form channels that empty into large veins such as thoracic duct and right lympatic trunk. Larger lumen, thinner walls than veins. has Leukocytes, No RBCs. |
| Lymphatic capillaries | Found in loose CT. Tubes of endothelium very permeable. Anchoring filaments, NO SM. 1 layer of endothelium, incomplete BM, can take in large protein rich fluids |
| Lymph Nodes | Immune component of lymphatic vasculature |
| Atherosclerosis | Lumen of coronary arteries narrow due to accumulation of plaques leads to reduced blood flow. TI thickens due to accumulation of cholesterol. Macrophages migrate here, end up dying and form foam cells. TM tends to thin and calcify. Cant constrict/dilate. |
| Hypertension | Sustained High BPs. Diastolic>90, Systolic>140. Thickening of TM due to smooth muscle multiplication, inhibits and causes cells to work harder. |
| Blood | Fluid, special type of CT. Transports nutrients, waste, hormones, immune system cells. Acts as a buffer in coagulation and thermoregulation to help maintain body temp. |
| Components of Blood | Plasma - Liquid ECM(55%). Erythrocytes - 35-45% in women, 39-50% in men. Leukocytes:WBCs with granules |
| Plasma | Liquid ECM(55%) major element is water, acts as solvent for solutes. Albumin - most abundant(maintains osmotic pressure) Globulins-Abs for Iunity Fibrinogen - Cross linked at sites of dmg Electrolytes,AA,maintain homeostasis with pH and osmolarity |
| Erythrocytes | Anucleated, bind o2 and co2. hematocrit is a volume of packed RBCs. Shape allows Hb to be close. Hb is high, binds o2 and co2. functions entirely in the circulatory system. ALWAYS SAME SIZE AND SHAPE. |
| Leukocytes | WBCs with granules. Agranuloctyes. Granulocytes. |
| Agranulocytes | Lymphocytes- immunocompetent cells (B, T, NK). T lymphocytes - cell mediated. B lymphocytes - circulating Ab. NK cells - kill certain cells. Monocytes - Macrophages. APC. |
| Granulocytes | Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils |
| Neutrophils | Important for acute inflammation and first responders to tissue damage in CT. Multilobed nucleus. Specific granules are type IV collagenase. Axuropholic granules are lysosomes with myeloperoxidase. 3* granules contain phosphatases. |
| Eosinophils | Prominent for allergic reaction or infections by helminths or chronic inflammation. Bilobed nuclei. Specific granules of crystalloi body Major Basic Protein). Can phagocytize Ag/Ab complexes |
| Basophils | Inflamatory mediators. Binds IgE, initiate inflammatory response. Systemic allergic responses. Lobed nucleus. specific granules with heparin, histamine, leukotriene. degranulation by physical, chemical,etc. Often outside circulatory system. |
| Thrombocytes | Platelets. Anucleate. control bleeding. Cell fragments of megakaryocytes. |
| Hemapoiesis | Formation of RBC. Occurs in Red Bone Marow. |
| Monophyletic Theory | RBC, granulocyte, monocyte, platelet, lymphocyte, all come from hematopoetic stem cell |
| Erythropoiesis | Stimulated by erythropoietin, IL3 and IL4. Low levels indicative of kidney failure. EPO can treat anemia. |
| Order of Erythropoeisis | Proerythroblast > Basophilic erythroblast > polychromatiophilic erythroblast >orthochromatiophic erythroblast >reticulocyte > erythrocyte |
| Granulopoeisis | Myeloblast >promyelocyte > myelocyte > metamyelocyte > band cell(unique to neutrophils) > mature neutrophil,eosinophil, or basophil. |
| Bone marrow | Red - active. in spaces of bones. hemopoietic cords lie between sinusoids. yellow - inactive. red marrow that was replaced by fat. can revert to red if needed. |
| Aplastic Anemia | Too many adipocytes in Bm, symptoms same as anemia. |
| Acute myelogenous leukemia | Too many myeloblasts and too few adipocytes very few sinusoids and all co rds. |
Created by:
nady
Popular Histology sets