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Chapter 16
Chapter 16 Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Satellite State | Independent nation under control of a powerful state. |
| Cold War | 46-year struggle between the US and Russia. |
| Iron Curtain | Border between satellite states and Western Europe. |
| Truman Doctrine | Truman's promise to aid nations struggling against communist movements. |
| George F. Kennan | American diplomat and leading authority on the Soviet Union. |
| Containment | To keep communism contained within its existing borders. |
| Marshall Plan | Gave $13 billion in grants and loans to nations in Western Europe. |
| Berlin Airlift | Supplies were flown into Berlin due to Stalin blocking off roads. |
| NATO | Provided military alliance to counter Soviet expansion. |
| Warsaw Pact | Formation of a rival military alliance with Soviet Russia and its satellite states. |
| Jiang Jieshi | Nationalist leader who fought against Mao Zedong in a civil war. |
| Mao Zedong | Fought against Jiang Jieshi in a civil war. |
| 38th Parallel | Latitude coordinate wear Korea was split into two. |
| Douglas MacArthur | Planned to drive the invaders from South Korea. |
| Limited War | War fought to achieve specific goals. |
| SEATO | Defensive alliance formed to prevent the spread of communism. |
| Arms Race | Contest for more powerful weapons. |
| Mutually Assured Destruction | Threat that they're assured to be destroyed many times over by their weapons. |
| John Foster Dulles | Experienced diplomat who had helped form the United Nations. |
| Massive Retaliation | US would retaliate to communism with overwhelming force and maybe nuclear weapons. |
| Brinkmanship | Belief that only by going to the brink of war could the US protect its allies, discourage communist aggression, and prevent war. |
| Nikita Khrushchev | New head of Soviet Russia. |
| Nationalize | Placing under government control. |
| Suez Crisis | Used as an excuse for Britain and France to gain control over the Suez Canal. |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | US would use force to help any Middle Eastern nation threatened by communism. |
| CIA | Intelligence gathering organization. |
| NASA | Coordinated the space-related efforts of American scientists and the military. |
| Red Scare | The scare of communism. |
| Smith Act | Made to cripple the Communist Party in the US. |
| HUAC | Investigated possible subversive activities by fascists, Nazis, or communists. |
| Hollywood Ten | Group of left-wing writers, directors, and producers refused to answer questions, asserting their Fifth Amendment rights against self-incrimination. |
| Blacklist | List of people who should not be hired because of suspected communist ties. |
| Alger Hiss | Had been educated at Johns Hopkins University and Harvard Law School. |
| Julius and Ethal Rosenberg | From the poor, lower east side of Manhattan. Their crimes linked them in the public's imagination. |
| Joseph R. McCarthy | Charged that the State Department was infested with communist agents. |
| McCarthyism | McCarthy's brand of anticommunism. |