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Mental Health frame
frames of reference
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 parts of a Frame of Reference? | Theoretical Base (Philosophy/beliefs) Function/dysfunction continuum, Behaviors indicative of Function/dysfunction; Postulates re intervention (treatment) |
| Existential/Humanistic F of R - theoretical base | Human beings most important (OT roots) Rights of all, Maslow, Rogers, Yalom) |
| concepts of Existential/Humanistic FoR | Respect, genunineness, non-judgmental acceptance, deep understanding, self-actualization |
| Tx for Existential/Humanistic FoR | Pts must want to change self; Create safe atmosphere, help improve self-concept & understanding, self-awareness activities, increase self-confidence, clarify values, used open-end questions |
| Psychoanalytic FoR | FREUD: ID, ego, Superego, Oral, Anal, Phalic, Latent, Genital stages |
| Defense mechanisms - psychoanalytic | Sublimination, Projection, Regression, Acting Out |
| Cognitive Disabilities FoR | Claudia Allen: ability to perform ADLs, tasks reflect health & cognitive function; restriction in motor action is from brain dysfunction |
| What level must you be to take ACL? | at least a 3 - b/c at 3 can grasp object |
| Developmental FoR | Develop thru stages, problems if skip a stage, interaction w/environment stimulates acquisition of skills |
| Tx for Development Frame of Ref | Go to most primitive stage first - make sure all subskills are mastered before going to next level |
| Neurodevelopmental/ SI | Ayres for children, King for (schizo) adults, Rood, Brunstrum, Bobath |
| Theory base of Neurodevelopmental/SI | Brain dysfunction at root of SI, perceptual, cognitive problems; vestibular stimuli is important for pleasure, holistic; brain organized by sensory, vestibular, tactile stimuli |
| Acquisitional Frame of Reference | Teacher-Learner - takes from behavioral & learning theories and is suitable for any age group |
| Acquisitional FoR theory | acquire by doing, behavior influenced by environment, learned behavior = people, non-stage specific, here and now, operant conditioning, positive reinforcement |
| MOHO - Kielhofner, Reily | 3 concepts - Occupation is core of humanity; System theory - input, throughput, output - interaction with open system & environment; |
| MOHO theory | environment important for Arousal & Environmental Press (expectations of environment) |
| MOHO subsystem: | Volition, Habituation, Performance Skills |
| How is schizophrenia Dx? | presence of psychotic symptoms for 6 mos or more |
| What is schizoaffective disorder? | schizophrenic behavior with mood disorder |
| what is the most common hallucination? | auditory |
| causes of schizophrenia | dopamine levels too much; elevated levels of norinephrine in spinal fluid, seratonin levels high, ventricles in brain large, viral, environment |
| What are some delusion types | grandeur, persecution, control, somatic, thought broadcasting, ideas of reference - messages in newspaper |
| negative symptoms of schizophrenia | affective blunting, alogia (can't speak), avolition (lack of goals); anhedonia; attentional impairments |
| Regressed/bizarre schizophrenic behaviors | polydipsia - excessive thirst; peculiar mannerisms, odd appearance, hoarding, stealing, spitting, starving malnutritious eating, negativism - do opposite |
| What is the prodromal phase of schizophrenia? | level of function deteriorates, hygiene decreases, interaction, role ability decreases |
| Active phase of Schizophrenia | psychotic, hallucinating, deluded |
| Residual phase | remission from worst symptoms, still bad hygiene |
| percentage of suicide attempts among schizophrenics | 20% with 2-3% succeeding |
| Meds for schizophrenia | neuroleptics, major tranquilizers, antipsychotics, anti-depressants, lithium |
| Adverse effects of meds | Parkinsonian syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, akasthesia, dystonia, akinesia, dry mouth |
| OT Tx for Schizophrenia | work on proprioception & vestibular input to increase perceptual function |
| OT tx task groups for schizo | purposeful activity, |
| OT tx social skills for schizo | make friends instruction, role play, feedback, task groups |
| OT tx schizo - cognitive | visual instructions, lmtd sensory stim, repetitious, limited problem solveing, graded task difficulty, frequent feedback, info process strategies |
| OT tx considerations for schizo | NAMI, energy conserve, work simplify, problem solve, re-emphasize reality, fam education, feelings over hallucinations |
| Performance components of schizo for OT tx | sensorimotor, cognitive, psychosocial/psychological |
Created by:
sherryama
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