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OTA 217 MH MEDS

for 3rd exam

QuestionAnswer
which drug is the top psychiatric perscription? Xanax, then lexapro, Zoloft, Prozac
categories of psychiatric drugs (7) Antipsychotic, anti-cholinergic, antidepressant, antimanic, antianxiety, anti-obsessional, CNS stim
Dopamine neurotransmitter assoc w/schizophrenia, increased - mania, schizo; decreased = depression, P symptoms
Nor-epinephrine UP: mania, anxiety states, schizo; DOWN: depression
Serotonin UP: anxiety state DOWN: depression
GABA UP: reduced anxiety; DOWN: anxiety do, schizo
Acetylcholine UP: depression: Down: P, Alzheimer's, Huntington's chorea
Abilify, Seoquel, Zyprexia, Respiridal antipsychotic drug names - atypical
uses for antipsychotics acute psychosis, schizophrenia, psychotic depression, bipolar do, dementia w/agitation
Which psychotic drugs were used to treat POSITIVE symptoms? 1st generation, standard like MOA, anti-cholinergic's
What is a positive symptom? anything that is there that SHOULD NOT be there
What is a negative symptom? Something that is NOT there but SHOULD BE there
What is a EPS- extrapyramidal Side Effect Various movement disorders like acute dystonia, invol spasms, tics, akinesia, akathisia, P syndrome
Akithisia restless legs, tapping feet
Tardive Dyskinesia (Rose) - caused by LT use of 1st Gen antipsychotics. invol mouse movements, blinking, chewing, - irreversible
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome most lethal side effect of antipsychotic: onset within hrs to years of Tx - thermoregulator system goes haywire, photosensitivity
Atypical/2nd general antipsychotics work on negative & positive symptoms of schizophrenia, few to no EPS, sedation, excessive salivation, nausea, wt gain
How 2nd gen antipsychotics work block both dopamine & seratonin
most prescribed antipsychotic Abilify, - approved to tx bipolar too
clozaril agranulocytosis a potentially fatal reaction from clozaril (used in most severe cases) - drop in WBC, fever onset, risk of infection - sore throat WARNING
Side effect comparison of 1st w/ 2nd generation of antipsychotics OLD - movement do NEW - metabolism issues
What are anti-cholinergic medications & why used? Used to counteract side effects of anti psychotic meds
Tricyclic anti-depressants - eg Elavil, anafranil, sinequan
MAOIs: Parnate, Nardil, Saphra not used b/c interactions with digestion
SSRI - selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Paxil, Prozac, Zoloft, Celexa, Lexapro - the first of the New class of drugs
Atypical anti-depressants effexor, wellbutrin (smoking); Pristiq, Cymbalta, Remeron
Which anti-depressanta (atypical) are most prescribed? SSRIs
pros of SSRIs can't OD, good for non-compliant pt, also used for anti anxiety, chronic pain, PMS, PMDD
which SSRIs act quickly Celexa and Lexapro
Dangerous interactions with SSRIs Don't take with MAOIs - serotonin syndrome - too much builds (hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, myoclonus, rapid change in mental status)
How long should you wait after stopping one kind of anti-depressant before beginning another? 6 weeks
TCA - tricyclic antidepressants side effects dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, metallic taste, urine retention, orthostatic hypotension, drowsiness, weight gain
Most serious danger of TCAs cardiac toxicity - due to increase of norinepinephrine in hear
what is a MAOI diet? no cheese, alcohol, cured meat, fermented items, vinegar
Dangers of lithium narrow window of therapuetic level - early toxicity, can kill if above 2.0, changes conductivity of heart, depresses respiration, renal function, keep hydrated!
What are Benzodiazipines? drugs for antianxiety - potentiates actions of GABA (-pam ending)
Created by: sherryama
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