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S.S. Ancient History
Fertile Crescent
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the social classes that make up the social hierarchy?Why is it symbolically shaped like a triangle? | kings on top,then priests, then traders, merchants, and craftspeople, then farmers and laborers, slaves on bottom, triangle because more important top, less important bottom, fewer towards top |
| What was the Code of Hammurabi? Who created it? How many laws were there? Where were they written? What is the significance of these laws to society? | a set of 282 laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life Hammurabi created it written on stela |
| Why was the purple dye made by the Phoenicians so expensive (and used as a symbol of wealth and importance by monarchs)? | It took 10,000 mollusks to create one gram of purple dye |
| Which empire was known more for its trade than for winning battles? | Phoenician Empire |
| What were the Chaldeans known for? | sun-dial, calendar, geometry, imprisoned Hebrews |
| What were the Assyrians known for? | moveable towers, battering rams, raze by fire, siege attack, siege engine, loot villages |
| What were the Hittites known for? | chariots, ironworking |
| What were the Babylonians known for? | Hammurabi's Code, eye for eye, social class |
| What were the Akkadians known for? | world's first empire, Sargon |
| Who was the significant leader of the Chaldean Empire? | Nebuchadnezzar |
| Who was the significant leader of the Babylonian Empire? | Hammurabi |
| Who was the significant leader of the Akkadian Empire? | Sargon |
| What is the order of the empires? | Akkadian, Babylonian, Hittite, Assyrian, Chaldean |
| What is an Empire? How is it different from a city-state? | empire-land with different territories and peoples under a single rule city-state- city + countryside around it |
| What is the difference between polytheism and monotheism? | polytheism- worship of many gods monotheism- worship of one god |
| Which ruler created the "Hanging Gardens of Babylon"? What were they? | Nebuchadnezzar trees/flowers on terraces/roofs |
| What are Ziggurats? Where were they located (within city-states)? Why were they tall? | Pyramid-shaped temple tower middle of city-state home of certain god |
| What did the Sumerians contribute to mathematics? | math system based on 60 |
| Who invented the chariot? What was it? | Hittites horse-drawn wheeled cart used in battle |
| Who created the Hanging Gardens of Babylon? What were they like? | Nebuchadnezzar trees and flowers on terraces seemed to float |
| Who invented the moveable towers? What were they? | Assyrians push against walls, climb over |
| Who invented battering-rams? What were they? | Assyrians smash through walls |
| Who invented siege warfare? What was it? | Assyrians repeated attacks |
| Who invented the wheel? What was it used for? | Sumerians potter's wheel spins clay vehicles like carts and wagons |
| Who invented the sun-dial? What was it? | Chaldeans told time from sun |
| Who invented the plow? What was it? | Sumerians pulled by oxen, broke through hard clay, prepare for planting, increase farm production |
| What was a scribe? | writer government officials + temples hire them to keep track of business and trade |
| What is cuneiform? How was it used? How did it start out? | world's first system of writing used for business records and to keep track of trade cylinder seals |
| What were the ancient irrigation systems? What are canals, rivers, levees, dams? | irrigation system- a way of supplying water to an area of land canals- human-made water ways rivers- natural flowing body of water levee- banks/sides of river dam- man-made barrier to block water |
| What is division of labor? | The type of arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job |
| What is the sequence of events leading up to the first independent Sumerian city-states developing in Mesopotamia? | The rivers with water and food and fertile soil cause hunter-gatherer groups to settle, making farming settlements, and making city-states |
| What is silt and what does it have to do with flooding? | mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks, made from flooding |
| Why is the Fertile Crescent fertile? | rivers flood, making silt, which makes the land fertile |
| What is Mesopotamia (literally), what does it refer to, and who named it Mesopotamia? | means "between the rivers", refers to the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Greeks named it |
| Where is the Fertile Crescent? | Persian Gulf to Mediterranean Sea |
| What is the Fertile Crescent? | a large arc of rich, or fertile, farmland |
Created by:
michaellaz