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Ind. Rev. and reform
Flashcards for Mr. Mattia's industrial revolution, reform, and immigration unit.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Industrial Revolution | happens whenever people in a region start to use machines instead of hand-tools. |
| Industrial Revolution Dates | For America: 1789-1930's |
| Productivity | the quantity of goods you can produce |
| Enclosure Movement | when, in Great Britain, farmers stoped farming and instead raised sheep - to do this they “enclosed” their property with fences. |
| Naval blockades | surrounding a country with gunships so they can't trade with anyone. England did this to us in the War of 1812. |
| Profit | the money you make from busniness after you pay your expenses |
| Natural resources | the stuff you need to make other stuff. raw materials |
| human resources | people to run factories and supply resources |
| capital resources | tools, machines, and money to run a factory |
| Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | the value of the goods/services produced in 1 year. |
| Market Economy | Resources, and finished goods and services are privately owned, bought, & sold. |
| water power | the power that powered our first factories. They were built beside swiftly moving rivers and streams. |
| mass production | identical goods were produced in great quantities |
| Samuel Slater | brought the first textile factories to America by smuggling the plans in his head out of England. Owned the Slater Mills. |
| Francis Cabot Lowell | employed young girls at his mills and tried to provide for their well-being. |
| Eli Whitney | Invented the Cotton Gin as well as Interchangeable parts. |
| Cotton Gin | A machine that removed the seeds from raw cotton and made it much easier to harvest. |
| Interchangeable Parts | a way of making things where you mass produce parts that all fit together to make something, rather than making one thing at a time. |
| Robert Fulton | American inventor of the steamboat. |
| Samuel F.B. Morse | Invented Morse Code for use with the telegraph machine. |
| Elias Howe | Invented the first sewing machine. |
| John Deere | Invented the steel plow. |
| Cyrus McCormick | Invented the modern reaper for harvesting crops. |
| Charles Goodyear | Invented vulcanized rubber which greatly increased its ability to withstand heat and cold and be put into useful forms. |
| Blessings of the Industrial Revolution | Study these in your notes |
| Curses of the Industrial Revolution | Study these in your notes |
| Opportunity Cost | the most important alternative that is given up as a result of a specific economic decision. |
| Labor Unions | organizations that workers form to improve their conditions |
| Strike | a refusal to work until demands for improved conditions are met |
| Putting-out system | families produced at home; made wages; worked for themselves without an immediate supervisor |
| Nativists | people that wanted to keep the country for “native Americans” (“Native American” does not refer to Indians in this case) |
| Second Great Awakening | Christian revival that swept through America in the early 1800's. Helped a lot of reform movements. |
| Temperance Movement/Society | Group of people that believed in banning alcohol. |
| Dorthea Dix | brought reform to how we treated mentally ill people. |
| Seneca Falls Convention | organized by women in 1848 to discuss the limitations put on women by society at the time. Birth-place of feminism |
| Susan B. Anthony | fought for women's suffrage rights. |
| suffrage | the right to vote. |
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mattia76
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