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HBC and NWC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Revisionism | passing of time can sometimes revise, the meaning of events, or change someone's reputation for better or worse |
| Rupert's Land was named after | King Charles II of England |
| Beaver Pelt | company used this as a currency in fur trade |
| Factors | local bosses for the HBC in the fur trade |
| Montrealers | group of English merchants from Montreal who seized NWC |
| Hivernants | individuals who stayed in country and shared in profits of NWC |
| Bullishness | relaxed trading practices of NWC, inclding the selling of alcohol to natives |
| Portage | the process of moving a boat from one body of water to another |
| Headhunter | person who looks for skilled employees on behalf of a company HBC used this as a currency in the fur trade |
| Canot du Nord | canoes that the NWC used in the Northwest. |
| The canots du nord were made of this (hint: east coast) | birch |
| The canots du maitre were made of this (hint: in west coast) | cedar |
| Drainage Basin | land drained by rivers |
| Canots du Maitre | canoes used by the NWC for the journey from Fort William to Montreal. |
| What were York boats made of, and what company used them | a double ended boat made of wood, by HBC |
| 13 meters long, could be sailed or paddles | York boat length |
| First ones 3000 kg, newer ones 6000 kg | York boat capacity |
| Bois Rule | what people of French-Native ancestry used to call themselves. |
| Literal meaning of Bois Rule | Burnt wood |
| Metis | one who has French and Native ancestry |
| Country born | people with Native and Scottish or Native and British ancestry |
| Seigneurial pattern | a long-lot pattern that seigneuries used in New France |
| Pemmican | usually had a mix of dried meat, fat, lard, and/or berries. |
| Flogged | when someone is beaten with a whip or stick as torture or punishment |
| Date HBC was formed | 1670 |
| Took up 1/3rd of modern Canada, and claimed area around Hudson's Bay. Belonged to this company : | HBC area |
| Stay By The Bay | Staying near Hudson's Bay rather than going inland |
| HBC standard of trade /4 | very strict, not much bargaining, salaried employees, strict hiearchy |
| London Partners | shared profits |
| Formed in 1783: after New France fell, group of english merchants seized fur trade | NWC formation date |
| Where NWC set up trading posts | set up trading posts in the interior |
| Major trade fort of NWC | Fort William |
| moved inland to be closer to traders, business structure based on partnerships less rigid than HBC | NWC policy |
| NWC had to contend with this | short ice free seasons on rivers and lakes |
| convinced King Charles II to back the HBC's business, plus take some fur trade from the French | Formation of HBC caused this |
| encouraged celibacy rather than marriage with natives | another part of HBC policy |
| helped carry cargo | voyageurs |
| Traded alcohol with natives | NWC's policy regarding alcohol |
| 1821 | HBC and NWC were merged on this date |
| companies were struggling financially, Red River Colony law suits gragged on for three years, neither company could survive full scale operations | Why the merger was formed |
| 55 out of 100; 45 out of 100 | NWC shares to HBC shares |
| 1825 | old NWC partners sold their shares back to HBC giving HBC 100% of shares on this date |
| it had a great reputation | When the HBC and NWC merged, they kept the HBC's name because |
| Red River Colony date | 1812-1815 |
| settlement | Red River Colony civil methods |
| fur trade | traditional metis civil methods |
| Pemmican among the Metis | part of culture and economy |
| Pemmican among the RRC | needed until farming succeeds |
| Governor in RRC | felt he had legit power over area |
| Governor among Metis | felt he held power over area based on their history |
| Conflict related to Red River Colony | Pemmican War, Battle of Seven Oaks |
| Size of Selkirk's Grant | 300,000 km2 in today's Southern Manitoba and North Dakota |
| Thomas Douglas was awarded Selkirk's grant on: | 1811 |
| Why Selkirk's Grant was issued | troubled by poor tenant farmers (crofters) from Scotland |
| what happened to the Scottish crofters | evicted from land to be used for sheep grazing |
| 2 choices crofters had | move to industrialized cities or BNA |
| 1814 | When Miles Macdonell issued Pemmican Proclamation |
| Why Pemmican Proclamation was issued | to ensure Selkirk settlers wouldn't run out of food, Winter begin early so colonists had to Winter or go to Fort Pembina |
| Spring 1813 | colonists cleared land, plant crops failed |
| 1849 | 4 metis were charged with illegal fur trading |
| The trial judge's (1849)attitude towards the Metis | dislike them |
| What the trial judge (1849) told the metis | told jury the had no choice bu to return a verdict of guilty |
| Trade with one person | Direct trade |
| When you intend on buying something from somebody, but you have to go through someone else, causing more money to be spent | indirect trade |
| chief factor | main boss of HBC in fur trade |
| vast area around Hudson Bay | Rupert's Land |
Created by:
Danica_1234
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