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Bacteria/ Vx/Immunit
K-9 Fel clin mngt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Def: Bacteriology | Single cells microorganism (no nucleus) |
| Bacteria are also called? | Prokaryotes |
| Bacteria outnumber other cells in our body _:_ | 10:1 |
| ____ disease are most commonly related to bacteria | Respiratory |
| Penicillin kills by doing what? | Inhibiting synthesis in cell wall |
| The __ of bacteria can move from one bacteria to another | Genetic material |
| Gram positives stains ___ and have __ walls | *purple * thick |
| Gram negative stains ___ and have __ walls | *red * thin |
| Bacteria reproduce through | asexual replication |
| *The 2 most common bacteria seen in clinic are | Staphylococci and salmonella |
| bacteria common to skin infections | Staphylococci |
| *Gram negative bacteria common in urine | E-coli and proteus |
| Bacteria most common in ear infections | Streptococci |
| Types of bacterial morphology | Spherical (cocci) *rods (bacilli/bacillus) *Elongated to form filaments |
| Bacteria that occur normally in the GI tract? | Enteric rods |
| What stain is used to test for TB? | Acid fast stain |
| Types of Non-enteric, intracellular organisms | Rickettsia and chlamydia |
| *what is a Enteric rod? | Gram neg bacteria |
| *Gram + bacteria | *rods *cocci *endosporse |
| 2 types of Endospores | clostridium(anaerobes) and botulism |
| _____ do not require oxygen in there environment | anaerobes |
| What are the three forms of anthrax? | skin, inhalation and digestion form |
| How quickly can anthrax symptoms start showing and what medication is commonly used? | *7 days and Penicillin |
| What conditions primary clinical sign is muscle rigidity? | Tetanus |
| _____ organisms always causes dz? | Intracellular parasite |
| _____Ab's kill bacteria and _____ interferes with replication | *bacteriocidal * bacteriostatic |
| How do you prevent the spread of bacteria? | *aseptic technique * Disinfectants |
| while replicating, bacteria can ____ every ___ mins | * double *10 |
| most common type of media used to grow bacteria? | solid - agar plates |
| Def: Virology | Study of viruses(means toxin /poison) |
| _______ parasites always need a host | intracellular |
| classifications of viruses | *enveloped or non *type of nucleic acid *shape *dimension of capsid |
| capsids are composed of? | protein subunits called capsomeres |
| envelopes are composed primarily of? | lipids |
| transmission of viruses | aerosol *skin breaks *fluid |
| *5 stages of virus life cycle | *Entry into cell *uncoating *replication *maturation/assembly *realease |
| Entry methods for viruses | endocytosis and fusion |
| Most common route of transmission of bacteria? | Aerosol and ingestion |
| Virus with short duration, not normally fatal | Acute Infection |
| Virus that occurs gradually,can be fatal | Chronic Infection |
| Virus that remains in the equilibrium | Latent Infection |
| Method of viral diagnosis | Serology and cytology |
| *What is the most common on site test? | ELISA (enzyme liked immonosorbent assay) |
| _____ is used To confirm Dz exposure | Serology testing |
| Core vax for K-9's? What age do you start Vax? | parvo, Distemper, rabies, adenoviru-2 *6-9 wks (q 2-4 wks) |
| What is the youngest age you can give Rabies vax? | 12 wks |
| What age do you start vax for Fel? | 8-10 wks |
| how long are vax good for after reconstitution? | 1 hr |
| 2 variations of vax commonly given | MLV AND Killed |
| ______ inhances immune response to to vax | Adjuvants |
| What are the 2 types of adjuvants? | Aluminum and salt |
| What is the difference in immunity and immune system? | Immunity: Body's ability to fight infection Immune system: maintains homeostasis |
| ____ are foreign invaders that cause disease or immune response | Pathogens |
| _____ are soluble substances; toxins and proteins | Antigens |
| 3 parts of the immune system | *blood(WBC) *bone marrow(B-lymphocytes) *thymus gland(T-lymphocyte) |
| ____ are non-living and infectious | prions |
| 1,2,3rd line of defense | *skin * inflammation (hiatamine) *immune response (T/B cells) |
| *WBC's attach via _____ | Chemotaxis |
| *3 Chemical mediators ? | *Kinins * prostaglandins * histamine |
| *Chemical response to swelling? | Histamine |
| *Helper T cells break into ? | Activated B cells: Antibodies Activated cytotoxic Tcells: kill infection |
| _____ Cells Suppress the immune system | Suppressor T cells |
| ____ cells make antibodies | Plasma cells |
| ___ cells are responsible for cellular immunity | Cytotoxic T cells |
| ____ cells are responsibly for Antibodies and immunity | B cells and antibodies |
| *2 Types of immunity | *Natural/inherited(active and passive) *artificial/acquired |
| A form of active immunity transport? | Nose to nose |
| A form of passive immunity transport? | Nursing |
| Form of artificial immunity | Vaccinations |
| Def: Allergies and reations | *exaggerated response by immune system *Immediate: starts in seconds *Delayed : hours to days |
| Active ingredient in Benedryl | Diphenhydramine |
Created by:
brit_2112
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