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U. S. History Ch 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A government in which citizens rule through their elected representatives. | Republic |
| Republicanism | The idea that governments should be based on the consent of the people |
| What relics of the colonial period survived in the new system of government? | Balancing the interests of the several states with those of the nation. |
| Type of government in which two levels of government shared fundamental powers. | Articles of Confederation. |
| Plan for surveying the land west of the Appalachians and north of the Ohio River | Land Ordinance of 1785. |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | A proceedure for dividing last into territories. |
| True or False, The Articles of Confederation created no separate executive branch. | True |
| True or False, Under the Articles of Confederation congress could enact and collect taxes. | False |
| Shay's Rebellion | Farmers' Protest |
| September 1786 | Meeting to discuss issue of interstate trade. |
| Who called for the convention of 1786? | James Madison and Alexander Hamilton |
| Who suggested the Great Compromise? | Roger Sherman |
| Suggestion of a two-house congress | Great Compromise |
| Why was the Great Compromise a success? | It pleased both those who favored government by the people and those who wanted to preserve state rights. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | Called for three-fifths of a state's slaves to be counted as population. |
| System of government that divided power between the national government and the state governments. | Federalism |
| What are the powers of the Legislative branch? | To make laws |
| What are the powers of the Executive branch? | To carry out laws. |
| What are the powers of the Judicial branch? | To interpret the laws. |
| Checks and balances | System to prevent one branch of government from dominating the others. |
| What are delegated powers? | Powers granted to the national government. |
| What are reserved powers? | Powers kept by the states. |
| Providing and supervising education, establishing marriage laws, and regulating trade within a state | Reserved powers. |
| Control of foreign affairs, providing national defense, regulating trade between states, and coining money. | Delegated powers. |
| What are the three branches of governemt? | Legislative branch, Executive branch, Judicial branch |
| Electorial College | The group of electors chosen by the states. |
| Ratification | Official approval |
| How many states were required for ratification of the constitution? | Nine states |
| Federalists | Favored the new Constitution's balance of power between the states and the national governments. |
| Opposed having a strong central government and were against the Constitution. | Antifederalists. |
| Antifederalist argument against the Constitution | Lack of protection of individual rights. |
| The Federalist | Series of 85 essays defending the Constitution. |
| Who wrote The Federalist? | Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay. |
| First ten amendments to the constitution. | Bill of Rights |
| Democracy | Government directly by the people. |
| Why did new states fear a democracy? | Placed too much power in the hands of the uneducated masses. |
| What was the difference between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution? | The Articles of Confederation created a weak central government. The Constitution created a strong central government. |
| Which state did not attend the Constitutional convention of 1787? | Rhode Island |
| Virginia Plan | Envisioned a bicameral legislature with both houses having membership proportional to population. |
| True or False, The Virginia Plan was favored by big states. | True |
| New Jersey plan | called for each state's representation in each house to be equal to every other state's. |
| True or False, The New Jersey plan was favored by smaller states. | True |
| True or false, Under the Great Compromise each state would have equal representation in the Senate. | True |
| True or False, Under the Great Compromise the size of the population of each state would determine its representation in the House of Representatives | True |
| True or False, Articles of Confederation gave the federal government power to levy taxes, borrow money, establish uniform duties and excise taxes. | False, those powers were guaranteed in the Constitution. |
| True or False, Under the Constitution the national government also had the power to raise and maintain an army and navy and to regulate interstate commerce. | True |
| What was the basic difference between the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? | The land ordinance called for surveyors to stake out six-mile-square plots, called townships, in the western land. The northwest ordinance described how this land they established would be governed. |
| The Land Ordinance of 1785 | Established a plan for dividing the land into townships of 36 square miles. |
| The land ordinance of 1785 divided the northwest territory? | Into townships and lots |
| Why did the antifederalists demand the bill of rights? | They distrusted centralized governments because they had betrayed them before (monarchy under the british). They just wanted to make sure even the government had guidelines that it could not break; they wanted to be protected from the government |
| Who was elected presiding officer of the convention of 1787? | George Washington |
| True or False, During the debate on the Constitution the federalists promised to add a bill of rights in order to get the Constitution ratified? | True |
| Who were the leading federalists? | George Washington, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton |
| Who were the leading anti-federalists? | Revolutionary heroes and leaders such as Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams and Richard Henry Lee. |
| True or False, The Federalist was an Anti-federalist publication? | False, the Federalist provided and analysis and an explanation of constitutional provisions. |
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drinnonfam
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