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Stack 1
American Revolution, Cortez Page, P. 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Triangular Trade | a system in which goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain, and Africa, and taxes on traded items started to make colonists think about separation from Britain |
| Great Awakening | a religious movement that swept through the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, that also affected colonial politics |
| The French and Indian War 1754 | the war between the French and the British, which both had Indian allies |
| Proclamation Act (Line) of 1763 | law that banned British settlement west of the Appalachian Mountinas, and ordered settlers to leave the upper Ohio River valley, making them angry |
| Samuel Adams | believed that Parliament could not tax the colonists without their permission, and helped found the Committees of Correspondence |
| Boycott | popular method of protest in which people refused to buy British goods, and caused Parliament to repeal some tea laws |
| Stamp Act 1765 | This was an act that required colonits to pay for an official stamp, or seal, when they bought paper items. This angered the colonists. |
| Repeal | means "to do away with", and the Stamp Act of 1765 was repealed |
| Townshend Acts 1767 | acts passed by Parliament that placed duties on glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea, further angering the colonists |
| Boston Massacre 1770 | called "Boston Massacre" by colonists, and was when British soldiers shot a crowd of angry colonists (angry because one of the soldiers struck a colonist), killing 5 people and showing that a war might come soon |
| Boston Tea Party 1773 | colonists dumped 340 tea chests into Boston Harbor because they were angry with the Tea Act, which allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to the colonists, causing many colonial merchants and smugglers to worry about losing business |
| Sons of Liberty | a secret society formed by colonists that sometimes used violence to frighten tax collectors, and showed that the colonists were unhappy with the British tax laws, and that the colonists could organized and were willing to take on the British |
| Intolerable Acts 1774 | Also known as the Coercive Acts, these acts passed by Parliament punished the colonists for the Boston Tea Party, angering the colonists even more |
| First Continental Congress 1774 | a gathering in the fall of 1774 of delegates from throughout the colonies |
| Battle of Lexington-Concord 1775 | British troops were on their way to Concord to destroy a major weapons storehouse that the colonists owned, but minutemen stopped them at Lexington. Battle broke out, the British won, and they went on to destroy the weapons in Concord. |
| Minutemen | members of the civilian volunteer militia that could prepare to fight the British in a minute's notice |
| Second Continental Congress 1775 | Delegates from 12 colonies met in Philadelphia in May 1775 to discuss what to do about Britain. They declared the Massachusetts militia to be the Continental Army that would carry out the fight against Britain. |
| Battle of Bunker Hill 1775 | This was battle between colonists and the British. It was called this because colonists had made a bunker on top of Breed's Hill. Although the British won, it proved that the colonists could take on the British. |
| Common Sense | a 47-page pamphlet, written by Thomas Paine, that was published in January 1776 and urged separation from Great Britain |
| Thomas Jefferson | main author of the Declaration of Independence |
| Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 | document that formally announced the colonies' break from Great Britain, starting a new country |
| Patriots | the 40-45% colonists that chose to fight for independence |
| Loyalists | the 20-30% of colonists that remained loyal to Great Britain (also called Tories) |
| People "left out" of the Declaration of Independence | The Declaration did not address women or African American rights. It showed that the writers of the Declaration did not think all people deserve equal rights. |
| Who fought (groups) in the American Revolution | On the colonist's side: regular white colonists that were often young, eventually African Americans, some women that disguised themselves as men, and Native Americans. On Britain's side: British soldiers and Native Americans |
| Battle of Trenton 1776 | important Patriot victory in which Washington and his soldiers ambushed Hessian mercenaries that were fighting for Britain |
| Battle of Saratoga 1777 | battle in New York that was the greatest victory yet for the American forces, with Patriot General Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold as leaders |
| Battle of Yorktown 1781 | last major battle of the American Revolution, in which Patriots surrounded British general Charles Cornwallis eventually making him surrender |
| Treaty of Paris 1783 | In this treaty, Great Britain recognized the independence of the United States. The colonists finally had their own country. |
| Advantages and Disadvantages of British and Colonial Forces | Colonial Forces: strengths: fighting for a cause and European allies, weaknesses: poor army and a small navy. British Forces: strengths: good army and navy, weaknesses: had to cross Atlantic Ocean and used mercenaries as soldiers |
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Cortez Page
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