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Dat bio
Reproduction+ Vert Embryo
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| whats a sex cell | gamete |
| whats a fertilized egg | zygote |
| the sex of child is determined by____ | the sperm |
| in men LH hormone stimulates _____ to release _______ | testes, androgens mainly testosterone |
| SEVEN UP | pathway for sperm: seminif tubules, epididymis, vas deferen,ejaculatory duct; urethral openin, penis |
| whats egg production | oogenesis |
| spermstogenesis goes on continually while oogenesis is _______ | cyclic |
| FSH stimulates primary oocyte to _______ | complete meiosis 1: to form haploid cells :secondary oocyte and first polar body |
| Wats the fate of the secondary oocyte | it dies if not fertilized, if fertilized it undergoes meiosis 2 and forms a zygote. |
| begins with the cessation of menstrual flow from previos cycle | Follicular phase |
| Promotes development of follicle which secretes estrogen | FSH |
| triggers ovulation, and has a surge during midcycle | LH |
| ________ is the release of egg from follicle | ovulation |
| ______ ______ follicle develops into corpus luteum which secretes estrogen and progesterone | Luteal phase |
| _____ causes the endometrium to prepare for implantation | Progesterone |
| _______ occurs if egg isnt fertilized; and drop in progesterone and estrogen | Menstruation |
| ____ produces hcG if fertilized | placenta |
| ____ _____ asexual reproduction in prokaryotes, dna replicate and cell divides in 2 equal sized cell | binary fission |
| _______ replication of nucleus and unequal cytokinesis eg in yeast and hydra | Budding |
| _______regrowth of lost/ injured body part | regeneration |
| evolution trends towards increased ________ generation | sporophyte (2n) |
| Gametophytes reproduce ______ and sporophytes reprodyce _____ | sexually, asexually |
| 2 daughter cells with exact copy of parent cells | mitosis |
| nuclear division | karyokinesis |
| cell division | cytokinesis |
| _______ chromosome replicates to produce identical sister chromatids | Interphase |
| ______ chromosome condense and nuclear membrane dissolves | Prophase |
| ______ chromosomes align at the center of cell aka equator | Metaphase |
| _______ chromosomes split so each chromatid is pulled to opposite poles | Anaphase |
| ______ nuclear membrane reforms around the newly formed chromosomes with the 2n | Telophase |
| _______ _______forms during cytokinesis in animals,_______ _____forms during cytokinesis in plants | cleavage furrow, cell plate |
| Formation of sex cell and produces haploid cells (gametes) | Meiosis |
| _______ homologous chromosomes paired, synapsis and crossing over, (recombination) | Prophase 1 |
| ____ homolog pair align on the equator | Metaphase 1 |
| ____ homolog pairs separ8 and pulled to oppsite poles | ANAPHASE 1 |
| ___ membrane forms around each new nucleus containing sister chromatids | Telophase 1 |
| ______ is similar to mitosis | Meiosis 2 |
| Rapid division which increases nuclear ratio but not the cytoplasm | cleavage |
| _______ cleavage can develop in an organism while ______ cleavage differentiate to specialized regions of the body | Indeterminate, determinate |
| Stages of development to reach neurula stage | 1.Cleavage-early mitotic division 2.Blastula- ball of undifferentiated cells 3.Gastrulation- endoderm, mesoderm ectoderm *neurulation occurs with gastrulation |
| why do vertebrate eggs vary in the amount yolk | related to the reproductive characteristic: # of offspring and parental care |
| provide nutrients to embryo | yolk |
| Animal pole________ and vegetal pole _______ | has little no yolk so rapidly divides, has moderate or large amts of yolk that restricts cleavage division. |
| type of Cleavage divisions? | Holoblastic equal- amphioxus, mammals holoblastic subequal- amphibians meroblastic- reptiles and birds |
| whats gastrulation | reorganization of blastula to form multilayered structure: ecto meso endoderm. |
| what processes occur during gastrulation | 1.disappearance of blastocoel which becomes primitive gut Archenetron 2.Induction of nearby cells |
| ________forms the integument, central nervous system | Ectoderm |
| _____ forms the digestive and resp tracrs | Endoderm |
| _______ forms the musculoskeletal circulatory | Mesoderm |
| In gastrulation the ______ differentiate to _______ which forms the notochord | mesoderm, chordomesoderm, |
| Notochord induces the formation of _______ and ultimately ______ | neural plate and Neurulation |
| From which tissue layer is the nervous system formed | Ectoderm |
| neural tube made of ______ cells roll into a tube to form nerve cord | ectoderm |
| ____ ____ ____ contribute to skin pigments, nerve ganglia | neural crest cells |
| _______ _______ forms sensory organ components: lens, inner ear etc. | ectodermal placodes |
| Mesoderm differentiates to 3 layers | epimere, mesomere, hypomere |
| epimere has repeated blocks called | somites |
| somites are divided into 3 layers | dermatome- skin musculature myotome- body musculature sclerotome-vertebrae |
| ______ forms excretory and reproductive organs | Mesomere |
| Inner layer of hypomere/ gut wall | splanchnic hypomere |
| outer layer of hypomere/ body wall | somatic hypomere |
| Amniotes have 4 membranes | chorion- outer membrane allantois-connects gut and transports N2waste amnion- fluid filled protects the embryo yolk sac- transfer food to embryo |
| Placenta forms from | chorion |
| umbilical cord forms from | allantois |
Created by:
smuttz
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