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Chapter 2
Independence in America and Revolution in france
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stamp act | any legislation that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents. Those that pay the tax receive an official stamp on their documents, making them legal documents. |
| Declaration of Independence | statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the 13 American colonies then at war with Great Britain regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire. |
| "No Taxation Without Representation" | a slogan originating during the 1750s and 1760s that summarized a primary grievance of the British colonists in the Thirteen Colonies, which was one of the major causes of the American Revolution. |
| The Boston Tea Party | Act by colonists angst British gvt and East India Cmpy that controlled tea imprts into colonies, Dec 16, 1773 after officials refused to return 3 shiplds of taxed tea to Brtn, a group of colonists boarded ships & destroyed tea by throwing into Harbor |
| Articles of Confederation | an agreement among the 13 founding states that legally established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution |
| The Constitution | set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed |
| The Bill of Rights | a list of the most important rights of the citizens of a country. The purpose of these bills is to protect those rights against infringement |
| The French Revolution | a period of radical social and political upheaval in French and European history that saw a series of major changes in power and political system as well as Revolutionary Wars |
| The Old Regime | book that analyzes French society before the French Revolution and investigates the causes and forces that caused the Revolution |
| bourgeoisie | a social class "characterized by their ownership of capital and their related culture." |
| The Estates General | first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the nobility, the Church, and common people. Summoned by King Louis XVI to propose solutions to his government's financial problems |
| The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen | a fundamental document of the French Revolution, defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal |
| The Third Estate | Can be divided into two groups, urban and rural. Urban included the bourgeosie 8% of Frances population, as well as wage-laborers (such as craftsmen). The rural had no wealth & yet were forced to pay disproportionately high taxes to the other Estates |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | French military and political leader during the later stages of the French Revolution. As Napoleon 1, he was Emperor of the French from 1804-1815. His legal reform, Napoleonic code, has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions worldwide |
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heissam14
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