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Pearson Chap. 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Agricultural Density | The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land. |
| Agricultural Revolution | The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering. |
| Arithmetic Density | The total number of people divided by the total land area. |
| Census | A complete enumeration of a population. |
| Crude Birth Rate (CBR) | The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society. |
| Crude Death Rate (CDR) | The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society. |
| Demographic Transition | The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population. |
| Demography | The scientific study of population characteristics. |
| Dependency ratio | The number of people under the age of 15 and over the age of 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force. |
| Doubling Time | The number of years it takes for a population to double. |
| Ecumene | The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlements. |
| Epidemiological Transition | Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition. |
| Epidemiology | Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality. |
| Industrial Revolution | A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods. |
| Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) | The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society. |
| Life Expectancy | The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn can be expected to live. |
| Medical Revolution | Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives. |
| Natural Increase Rate (NIR) | The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth minus the crude death rate. |
| Overpopulation | The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living. |
| Pandemic | Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population. |
| Physiological Density | The number of people per unit of area of arable land. |
| Population Pyramid | A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex. |
| Sex Ratio | The number of males per 100 females in the population. |
| Total Fertility Rate (TFR) | The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years. |
| Zero Population Growth (ZPG) | A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero. |
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