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Histology-Epithelial

Med’11 Histology Epithelial Tissue

QuestionAnswer
What are tissues? Tissues are groups of cells organized to perform specific functions.
What are the 4 types of tissues? Epithelial tissues (Epithelium). Connective tissues. Muscular tissues. Nervous tissues.
What are the characteristics of epithelial tissues? *Avascular *Basement membrane *Junctions *Functionally distinct surfaces *renew and regenerate
Where are epithelial tissues found? Cover body surfaces, line cavities and lumen and form glands.
What are the types of different epithelial tissues? Surface - Glandular - Neuroepithelium
What are the types of surface epithelium? Simple and Stratified
What are the types of different epithelial tissues? Surface - Glandular - Neuroepithelium
What are the types of surface epithelium? Simple and Stratified
What are the types of simple epithelium? Squamous - Cuboidal - Columnar - Pseudostratified
What are the types of stratified epithelium? Surface - Glandular - Neuroepithelium
What are the types of surface epithelium? Simple (one layer) and Stratified (more than one layer)
What are the types of simple epithelium? Squamous - Cuboidal - Columnar - Pseudostratified
What are the types of stratified epithelium? Squamous (keratinized and non-keratinized) - Cuboidal - Columnar - Transitional
What are the characteristics of simple squamous epithelium? Where is it found? *flat cells with flat nuclei *Function: diffusion and transport *Location: alveoli - endothelium of lymph and blood - serous membrane (pleura, peritoneum, pericardium) - Bowman’s capsule
What are the characteristics of simple cuboidal epithelium? Where is it found? *Cuboidal cells, central rounded nuclei *Function: absorption and secretion *Location: kidney (convoluted tubules and small collecting ducts) - glands (lining acini and small ducts)
What are the characteristics of simple epithelium? Where is it found? *Columnar cells, basal oval nuclei *Function: absorption and secretion *Location: GIT (glands of stomach, intestine, and gallbladder) - female genital tract (uterus, oviduct) (ciliated)
What are the characteristics of simple pseudostratified epithelium? Where is it found? *All cells on basement membr, not all reach surface, nuclei appear as if 2 layers *Function: transport, secretion,&protection *Many types, e.g. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial w/goblet cells *Location: male urogenital tract, upper resp tr
What are the characteristics of stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium? Where is it found? *Many layers: basal cells are cuboidal on clear wavy basement membr-middle cells are polymorphous-superficial cells are nucleated squam cells *Function:protection *Location:tongue-esophagus-vagina-cornea&conjunctiva-female urethra∂ of male urethra
What are the characteristics of stratified squamous keratinized epithelium? Where is it found? *It is similar to non-keratinized St.Squamous Epith. The superficial cells are flattened, dead and their nuclei and cytoplasm are replaced by keratin. *Function: protection *Location: epidermis
What are the characteristics of stratified cuboidal epithelium? Where is it found? Formed of two layers of cuboidal cells
What are the characteristics of stratified columnar epithelium? Where is it found? The surface cells are columnar in shape
What are the characteristics of stratified transitional epithelium? Where is it found? *intermediate betw st.squam&st.columnar;distend&retract; basem.membr isn’t clear¬ wavy;basal cells cuboidal;surf cells dome-shaped *Function:can stretch during urine accum;empty bladder=4-6layers; full bladder=2-3layers *Location:urinary tract
Glandular epithelium is derived from _____. Surface epithelium
The classification of the body glands according to mode of secretion is _____. Exocrine glands:secrete products onto surface by ducts as salivary, sweat, sebaceous,& mammary glands-Endocrine glands:secrete products directly into blood as thyroid, pituitary,&adrenal glands-Mixed glands: exo-&endocrine func. as pancreas,testis,&ovary.
Classify exocrine glands according to cell number. Singular (e.g. goblet cells) - Multicellular
Discuss the different classifications of exocrine glands. No.of cells:Unicellular-Multicelluar glands; Mechanism of secretion:Merocrine(exocytosis)-Apocrine(release small portion of the apical cytoplasm)-Holocrine(whole cells); Type of secretion:Mucous-Serous-Mixed-Watery-Waxy
Give an example for each classification. Unicell:Goblet cells in resp&dig tracts-Multicell:salivary gl.-Merocrine:parotid &pancreas-Apocrine:mammary gl.&apocrine sweat gl.-Holocrine:sebaceous gl.-Mucous:Goblet cells-Serous:parotid&pancreas-Mixed:salivery gl.-Watery:sweat gl.-Waxy:gl.of ext.ear
What are the characteristics of neuroepithelium? Where is it found? *Act as sensory receptors for special stimuli. Neuroepithelial cells are provided w/small hairs (hairlets) on free ends; bases are surrounded w/sensory nerves. *Function: Act as sensory receptors. *Location:taste buds in tongue-organ of Corti in int. ea
What are the types of junctions? Tight junctions (zonula occludens) Adhering junctions (zonula adherens) Desmosomes & Hemidesmosomes (Macula adherens) Communicating junctions (Gap junctions)
Created by: Salma O
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