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Chapter 1
Western Civ
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nicolas Copernicus | Renaissance astronomer and the first person to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe. |
| The Scientific Revolution | era associated primarily with the 16th and 17th centuries during which new ideas and knowledge in physics, astronomy, biology, medicine and chemistry transformed medieval and ancient views of nature and laid the foundations for modern science. |
| William Harvey | English physician who was the first person to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart. |
| Galileo | Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. |
| Johannes Kepler | German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. |
| Sir Francis Bacon | English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, author and pioneer of the scientific method. |
| Rene Descartes | French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic |
| Sir Isaac Newton | English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. |
| The Age of Enlightenment | elite cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe that sought to mobilize the power of reason in order to reform society and advance knowledge. |
| John Locke | widely known as the Father of Liberalism,[2][3][4] was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. |
| Thomas Hobbes | English philosopher, best known today for his work on political philosophy. |
| Philosophes | were the intellectuals of the 18th century Enlightenment. |
| Progress | The idea that the world can become increasingly better in terms of science, technology, modernization, liberty, democracy, quality of life, etc. |
| Deism | The philosophy of religion is the standpoint that reason and observation of the natural world, without the need for organized religion, can determine that the universe is a creation and has a creator |
| Tolerance | Practice of permitting a thing of which one disapproves, such as social, ethnic, sexual, or religious practices. |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | major Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century. |
| Mary Wollstone | eighteenth-century British writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. |
| The Vindication of the Rights of Woman | first great feminist treatise |
| The Social Contract | book in which Rousseau theorized about the best way in which to set up a political community in the face of the problems of commercial society which he had already identified in his Discourse on Inequality. |
| The General Will | made famous by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is a concept in political philosophy referring to the desire or interest of a people as a whole. |
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emilydees
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