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US History Unit 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Occurring during George Washington's Presidency, what major compromise said that the British would leave the frontier forts, but still be allowed to trade fur in the area? | Jay's Treaty |
| Why was Jay's Treaty necessary? | The British were violating the Treaty of Paris by staying in frontier forts. |
| What was the Citizen Genet Affair? | This occurred because a french citizen was trying to rally American citizens to support the French during the French Revolution (War with Britain was occurring with the French also). |
| Who were the President's Cabinet, or Chief Advisers? | Thomas Jefferson was the Secretary of State, and Alexander Hamilton was the Secretary of the Treasury. |
| When the US Government was unable to repay bonds issued during the war, what idea created by Hamilton was approved to solve the problem? | He said new bonds should be exchanged for the old bonds. |
| When the US Government could not repay bonds issued during the war, what was Jefferson's concern regarding Hamilton's idea? | He said that the bonds had been purchased from the original investors by more wealthy men at lower rates and that it was unfair to the initial investors. |
| When some states had outstanding debt from the war and before the constitution, what did Hamilton's approved plan propose? | It proposed the National Government should assume the debt of the states. |
| When some states had outstanding debt from the war and before the constitution, what did Jefferson's plan propose? | It proposed the the Southern states had paid off their debt and that it wasn't fair that the northern states wouldn't have to do the same. |
| Officially, what national district did individual states debts lead to? | Washington D.C. |
| When the interpretation of the constitution was in question, what did Hamilton's plan propose, that later was approved, about a National Bank? | He said that congress should establish a national bank and that it would store the nation's wealth along with being a source of loans to jump start industrial growth. |
| When the interpretation of the constitution was in question, what did Jefferson propose about a National Bank? | He said that the constitution did not state that congress had the right to establish a National Bank. |
| What was the **Elastic Clause**? | This stated that Congress may do what is "necessary and proper" for the betterment of the US, regardless of what the constitution says. |
| What was Hamilton's view on tariffs? | He said that tariffs should be placed on imports to protect America's industries. |
| What was Jefferson's view on tariffs that was later approved? | He said that agriculture was the basis of the American economy and that industry would hurt the American farmer, so tariffs should not be allowed. |
| What was our standpoint during the French Revolution? | We remained adamantly neutral. |
| What was Hamilton's idea around the neutrality of America during the French Revolution? | He said to support the British and stay neutral. |
| What was Jefferson's idea around the neutrality of America during the French Revolution? | He said to support the French because they helped us during our revolution. |
| Regarding the Whiskey Tax, what was Hamilton's idea that was later approved? | He said that in order to control the drinking habits of Americans, an excise tax (tax on a certain good) on whiskey. |
| Regarding the Whiskey Tax, what was Jefferson's idea? | He supported the western farmers who worked hard to make whiskey, and that a tax on whiskey would only make things harder for them. |
| How did the Whiskey Rebellion, which was caused by the Whiskey Tax, differ from Shay's rebellion? | It was unlike the other rebellion, there was now a large army that could easily stop it. |
| Which rebellion caused the political parties to form? | Whiskey Rebellion |
| What was Hamilton's party and who supported him? | His followers created the federalist party and they were mostly New England citizens and powerful plantation owners. |
| What was Jefferson's party and who supported him? | His followers created the Democratic-Republican party and they were mostly rural southern farmers and common men. |
| When John Adams (a federalist) won the election of 1796, who became his vice president? | Thomas Jefferson |
| Occurring during John Adam's presidency, what was the XYZ affair? | When the French saw the Jay Treaty (which was the peace between England and America), they felt as though it was a violation of the French- American alliance. |
| What did the XYZ affair almost cause? | It almost caused a war with France. |
| What did the Adams administration enact in order to silence citizens who were having slanderous opposition to him? | He created the Alien and Sedition Act. |
| What were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions? | They essentially stated that a state could declare an act of Congress unconstitutional and refuse to follow it. |
| How did Jefferson win the election of 1800? | Alexander Hamilton helped him win the election by nudging the House of Representatives during the tie between him and his opponent Aaron Burr. |
| What major occurrence did Thomas Jefferson cause to happen during his presidency? | He bought the Louisiana Purchase, after which he sent Lewis and Clark to explore this new land. |
| What was the goal of the Embargo of 1807? | To keep America out of war by forbidding foreign ships from entering America's ports without specific permission from the President. |
| What was the Marshall Court? | It was created as the third and crucial branch, Judiciary Court, by Justice John Marshall. |
| What is extremely important about having a Surpreme Court justice appointed by the President of the time? | The Marshall Court is an example that presidential power is felt long after the administration is over through presidential appointment of justices who hold political ideas similar to the president's own. |
| What was the essential importance of Marbury vs. Madison? | It established that Judicial Review was a vital part of the Checks and Balances system. |
| Summarily what occurred in Marbury vs. Madison? | Federalist William Marbury delivers a document too late after office has closed and the Secretary of State, Madison, refused to honor the document anyway so Marbury sued him in federal court. |
| What eventually was the outcome of Marbury vs. Madison? | In the end, The Marshall Court ruled that the court could not order the appointment because Congress could not give power to the Supreme Court which the constitution did not grant. So, The Court instated upon itself Judicial Review |
| What was judicial review? | The right to determine the constitutionality of an act in Congress. |
| Happening during James Madison's Presidency,the War or 1812 occurred. There were men known as Warhawks, which were...? | Democratic-Republicans that pushed for war. |
| Who was one important War-Hawk (Hint: SC)? | John C. Calhoun |
| Who won the war of 1812? | It was a draw due to the British bombarding the land and the US having so much land. |
| When the Battle of New Orleans occur? | After the War of 1812. |
| What jump started industrialization? | Then end of the War of 1812. It benefited North mostly. |
| What ended the federalist party? | The Democratic-Republican take them over, which eventually lead to the loss of the National Bank and give in to the push for tariffs. |
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lmgt4u
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