Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biochem 2-1, AA
UMDNJSOM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| All amino acids produce by living systems are called | alpha amino acids. they all have an amino group attached to the alpha carbon |
| Enantiomer | alpha-carbon is asymmetric. It is an enantiomer. Stereoisomer that exhibit a property called chirality. Mirror images. |
| All protein amino acids are what type of enantiomers | L Enantiomers. amino residue is on the left. Except for glycine. |
| Protein turnover | degradation of proteins. continuous process as proteins in the body are constantly replaced. |
| Amino Acid Uses in body | Source of nitrogen (75% for proteins, dna/rna, heme, Ach, hormones) and some can be used for energy during starvation. |
| Nonpolar aliphatic AA | glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine |
| Glycine | H, is a D-enantiomer |
| Alanine | CH3 |
| Valine | CH / \ CH3 CH3 |
| Leucine | CH2 CH / \ CH3 CH3 |
| Isoleucine | CH- CH3 CH2 CH2 |
| Aromatic(hydrophobic) AA | phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine. |
| Phenylalanine | CH2 Ph |
| Tryptophan | CH2-(2-amino)-cyclopentane-Ph |
| Tyrosine | CH2 Ph OH Can form hydrogen bonds through its OH- grouup. Ability often used by cells to carry out protein function. Relatively reactive. |
| Positive Charged(Basic) Hydrophilic | Histidine, Lysine, Arginine. Important in electrostatic interactions between substances (ie:dna binding) |
| Histidine | CH2 2-4-dinitro-cycolopentane |
| Lysine | Ch2 ch2 ch2 ch2 nh3+ |
| Arginine | Ch2 ch2 ch2 nh c=NH NH3+ |
| Negatively charged(acidic) hydrophilic | Aspartate, glutamate, asparagine, glutamine. |
| Aspartate | Ch2 C // \ O O- |
| Glutamate | CH2 Ch2 C // \ O O- |
| Asparagine | CH2 C // \ O NH2 |
| Glutamine | CH2 CH2 C // \ O NH2 |
| Hydroxyl Containing AA | Serine/Threonine. Hydrophilic group makes them more hydrophilic and reactive than alanine and valine. OH group hydrogen bonds |
| Serine | CH2 OH |
| Threonine | CH-OH CH3 |
| Cyclic AA | Proline. side chain bonded to both nitrogen and carbon atoms. It is THREE Carbon side chain. Top one bonds to alphacarbon. Bottom one bonds to amino end nitrogen. makes a cyclopentane. |
| Sulfur Containing AA | Cysteine and Methionine SH group hydrogen bonds with water |
| Cysteine | CH2 SH Important due to ability to form covalent bonds with other cysteine. Disulfide bonds. |
| Methionine | CH2 CH2 S CH3 |
| Essential Amino Acids | Essential for metabolism, health, growth, not synthesized by the body, must be obtained from food. PVT TIM HALL |
Created by:
nady