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AP US HISTORY CH 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1660 following restoration | england increased control over colonies |
| charles II put on thrown | no interest in meeting with parliament in england, little sympathy for colonial legislators, Charles brother (Duke of York) forbid colonial assembly in NY from meeting |
| Massachusetts | resists increase of england royal control in colonies |
| Charles II responds to Mass resistance of royal control by | 1)1679-Charles II takes chunk of land away from Mass and creates royal colony of New Hamp 2)1684-he revokes Mass Charter and makes it a royal colony |
| 1661 Massachusetts declares | freedom from all England law and decrees except being called to war |
| King James II | takes throne in 1685 and creates dominion of New england in 1686 |
| Army officer Sir Edmund Andros royal governor of | Mass, New Hamp, Conneticut, RI, and plymouth |
| glorious revolution | kicked King James II off throne b/c of catholic son, they wanted a protestant leader so mary and william were crowned king and queen, created limited monarchy, reestablished rep gov't ensuring protestant religious freedom |
| 1689-engish bill of rights | required king to summit parliament 1 year to sign all bills passed and to respect civil liberties |
| leislers rebellion | jacob leisler seizes control of new york, protected it for the king and queen |
| 1691-British naval ship approaches New york | britain beleives his crew still supports james II so fires upon them, but it ended up not being true |
| John coode | leads men called protestant associtaion and seizes control of maryland, and new king and queen name, maryland adopted anglican church as official church, seized capital, removed catholics, and requested a royal government, catholics lost right to vote |
| King williams war (The war of the league of augsburg) | 1689-1697:against french, North america had border raids with new England and french canada, native americans caught in the fight. led to grand settlement of 1701, redefined tribes relationship w/ european settelers, first in series of european wars |
| mercantilism | economic theory that countries power is measured by wealth and specifically gold, by minimizing foreign purchases, did this by colonies supplying raw materials |
| Navitgation acts | britains mercantilistic policys |
| 1st navigation act | 1651- all colonial trade must be carried out on english vessels and 3/4 of crew on ships must be british, allowed england to surpass Dutch leaders in world trade, british ships=colonist ships, crew=colonists and slaves |
| 2nd navigation act | 1660-1663: prevented colonists from exporting certain goods anywhere except england (sugar, rice, tobacco), allowed england to tax crops, used profits to build up navy and protect merchant ships at sea |
| 3rd navigation act | 1672-provided administrative power to enforce earlier navigation acts |
| Impacts of navigation acts | colonies led to economic diversication, reduced planters profit and minimized added cost, demand in england, acts created protected market in colonies for manual british goods, growth in major port cities, over 1/3 british ships owned by colonist |
| after glorious revoltion | colonial assembly turned into colonial force |
| colonial force | only political body controlled by colonists rather than english officials, able to force colonial governors to approve laws that crown opposed |
| power of the purse | controlled whether government gets paid |
| voting requirements | most colonies=property ownage, some little or some big, by age 40 majority of white male colonist vote |
| the enlightment | intellectual movement began in europe in late 17 century to 18th century, aspect of movement was the questioning of traditional institutions and ways of thinking, confidence in human reason, some people were Sir Issac Newton and Ben Franklin |
| Deists | beleived god created world, but after creation left natural laws to workout how things functioned, if there was a contradiction in scripture and science they would go w/ science |
| Great Awakening definition | religious revival in europe, made way to colonies in 1730's, focused on emotional aspect of religion vs. traditional worship christianity, great awak first showed social movement across all 13 colonies and played a role in future unification, old=no help |
| Great Awakening: George Whitefield | traveled all colonies and gave emotional sermons that convinced thousands to confess sins and join/rejoin churches, great awak first showed social movement across all 13 colonies and played a role in future unification, caused many to seek salvation |
| Great Awakening:Jonathan Edwards | focused on gods wrath and furry towards centaurs and wanted people to repent/respect power of god, scholars believed that questioning traditional ideology imbedded in elnlightment layed ground work for resistance to england by colonists, sinners=angry god |
| restoration of enlgish monarchy | by Charles II and James II, strengthened crown at parliaments expense, abolished local legislatures in some colonies, strengthened royal power in colonies,revolts from mass, NY and MD |
| royal direct control | James II forbade elected assembles charles II seperated millitary from civilian authority |
| general court declared Mass exempt from parliament laws | Charles II carved new hamp out of Mass and made it royal in 1679, declared Mass royal in 1684 |
| dominion of New England 1686 | includes Mass, New hamp, conn, RI, plymouth and later ny and nj. Sir edmound andros was governor, he limited towns to one meeting a year and enoforced religious tolerance and nav acts |
| charles II and james II | ignored parliament and violated laws by letting chatholics holding high office and worship openly |
| King William | dismantled dominion of new england, and arrested andros, took power in conn and RI, took imperial authority of Mass |
| grand settlement of 1701 | 5 nations made peace with french and indian allies in exchange for furs |
| war of spanish succession (queen anns war) | english against french and spain, showed anglo-american military weekness, spanish invaded carolina, treaty of utrecht gave english novia scotia and hudson, colonists realized dependence on britain |
| 1713 peace acheived | britain, france, and spain competed economically not military |
| molasses act of 1733 | taxed foreign molasses entering colonies and intended to serve as a tariff to protect british west indies suagar production |
| France economy | alot of agriculture, self sufficient, export wheat to west indies and some fish and timber |
| french/spain religion | limited immigrants to roman catholics sending french huguenots to english colonies |
| english life | farmlands, good economy, willingness to abosrb most protestants though anticatholicism remained strong and some small jew communities |
| louisiana | made up of popper, criminals, and german refugees and slaves. economic hardship kept steady immigration coming, lutheran and calvinists |
| Philly | primary port of entry |
| middle passage | africas to america |
| carolina and georgia | rice country |
| stono rebellion | slave uprising when slaves attacked whites and went towards florida but captured before arrived |
| tuscaroro war | in carolina, tuscaroros prevoked whites who enslaved their people but ended up surrendering |
| yamasee war | english abused, cheated and defeated allies |
| covenant chain | treaties between iuquois and colonies |
| walking purchase | delaware to PA, gave guy land as far as he could walk in day and a half |
| georgia | a refuge for bankrupt and honest debters, no slavery, James oglethrope caused few to arrive because of strict laws |
| King Georges war (war of austrian succession) | treaty of AIX LA CHAPELLE, brought trading port cities |
| zanger case | guy went to court for libel against governor, encouraged political discussion and participation |
| great awakening: revivalists (new lights) | focused on emptiness of material comforts, expelled from legislation in conneticut, have to pay taxes for former churches, peaked in new england and everywhere but VA, caused weakening of official denominations (natives, slaves, women=more power) |
| great awakening: rationalist clergy (old lights) | focused on human improvement |
| new england colonies | RI, new hamp, conn, mass |
| middle colonies | new york, delaware, new jersey, pa |
| southern colonies | va, maryland, georgia, nc, sc |
| conneticut founder | thomas hooker |
| PA refuge | quakers |
| mass bay | city upon hill, main church=puritans |
| VA | founded 1607, most land |
| VA and MD church | anglican (church of england) |
| founding of georgia | james oglethrope offered less land per person to control slavery |
| plymouth founding | 1620, william bradford |
| rhode island founding | 1647 roger williams |
| south carolina slavery | highest percentage of slaves |
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