Question 1

Hinton Helper

Accepted Answer

1875; book entitled 'Impending Crisis of the South' that stirred trouble. Attempted to prove that indirectly the non-slave holding whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery; the book was banned in the South but countless copies were

Question 2

John Brown

Accepted Answer

a militant abolitionist that took radical extremes to make his views clear. In May of 1856, Brown led a group of his followers to Pottawattamie Creek and launched a bloody attack against pro-slavery men killing five people. This began violent retaliation

Question 3

Charles Sumner

Accepted Answer

He was an unpopular senator from Mass., and a leading abolitionist. In 1856, he made an assault in the pro-slavery of South Carolina and the South in his coarse speech, "The Crime Against Kansas." The insult angered Congressmen Brooks of South Carolina.

Question 4

Dred Scott

Accepted Answer

Scott was a black slave who had lived with his master for five years in Illinois and Wisconsin territory. He sued for his freedom on the basis of his long residence in free territory. The Dred Scott court decision was handed down by the Supreme Court on

Question 5

Roger Taney

Accepted Answer

He was Chief Justice for the Dred Scott case. A decision was made on March 6, 1857. Roger Taney ruled against Dred Scott. Scott was suing for freedom because of his long residence in free territory. He was denied freedom because he was property and his ow

Question 6

John Breckinridge

Accepted Answer

John Breckinridge was the vice-president elected in 1856. Breckinridge was nominated for the presidential election of 1860 for the Southern Democrats. After Democrats split, the Northern Democrats would no longer support him. Breckenridge favored

Question 7

John Bell

Accepted Answer

Nominated for presidency in 1860 by the Constitutional Union Party, which formed a split in the Union. He was a compromise candidate.

Question 8

Abraham Lincoln

Accepted Answer

nicknamed "Old Abe" and "Honest Abe"; born in Kentucky to impoverished parents and mainly self-educated; a Springfield lawyer. Republicans chose him to run against Senator Douglas (a Democrat) in the senatorial elections of 1858. Although he loss victory

Question 9

John Crittenden

Accepted Answer

A Senator of Kentucky, that fathered two sons: one became a general in the Union Army, the other a general in the Confederate Army. He is responsible for the Crittenden Compromise. This augments the fact that the war was often between families, and its

Question 10

The Impending Crisis of the South

Accepted Answer

A book written by Hinton Helper. Helper hated both slavery and blacks and used this book to try to prove that non-slave owning whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery. The non-aristocrat from N.C. had to go to the North to find a publisher

Question 11

Bleeding Kansas

Accepted Answer

Kansas was being disputed for free or slave soil during 1854-1857, by popular sovereignty. In 1857, there were enough free-soilers to overrule the slave-soilers. So many people were feuding that disagreements eventually led to killing in Kansas between

Question 12

American Know Nothing Party

Accepted Answer

Developed from the order of the Star Spangled Banner and was made up of nativists. This party was organized due to its secretiveness and in 1865 nominated the ex-president Fillmore. These super-patriots were antiforeign and anti-Catholic and adopted

Question 13

Panic of 1857

Accepted Answer

The California gold rush increased inflation; speculation in land and railroads "ripped economic fabric"; hit the North harder than South because the South had cotton as a staple source of income; the North wanted free land from the government; drove

Question 14

Lincoln-Douglas Debate

Accepted Answer

1858. Lincoln challenged Stephen Douglas to a series of 7 debates. Though Douglas won the senate seat, these debates gave Lincoln fame and helped him to later on win the presidency. These debates were a foreshadowing of the Civil War.

Question 15

Freeport Doctrine

Accepted Answer

The Freeport Doctrine occurred in Freeport, Illinois during the debates of Lincoln and Douglas for senator. This was a question that Lincoln asked Douglas that made Douglas answer in such a way that the South would know that he was't truly supporting them

Question 16

Harper's Ferry Raid

Accepted Answer

Occurred in October of 1859. John Brown of Kansas attempted to create a major revolt among the slaves. He wanted to ride down the river and provide the slaves with arms from the North, but he failed to get the slaves organized. Brown was captured.

Question 17

Constitutional Union Party

Accepted Answer

also known as the "do-nothings" or "Old Gentlemen's" party; 1860 election; it was a middle of the road group that feared for the Union- consisted mostly of Whigs and Know-Nothings, met in Baltimore and nominated John Bell from Tennessee as candidate for

Question 18

balance of power

Accepted Answer

The distribution of political or military strength among several nations so that no one of them becomes too strong or dangerous.

Question 19

moral suasion

Accepted Answer

The effort to move others to a particular course of action through appeals to moral values and beliefs, without the use of enticements or force.

Question 20

martial law

Accepted Answer

THe imposition of military rule above or in place of civil authority during times of war and emergency.

Question 21

Ultimatum

Accepted Answer

A final proposal or demand, as by one nation to another, that if rejected, will likely lead to war.

Question 22

Loophole(d)

Accepted Answer

Characterized by small exceptions or conditions that enable escape from teh general rule or principle.

Question 23

Squadron

Accepted Answer

A special unit of warships assigned to a particular naval task.

Question 24

Arbitration

Accepted Answer

The settlement of a dispute by putting the mandatory decision in the hands of a third, neutral party."Mediation is using the services of a third party to promote negotiations and suggst solutions, but without the power of mandatory decision making.)

Question 25

Appropriation

Accepted Answer

A sum of moeny or property legally authorized to be spent for a specific purpose.

Question 26

Habeas corpus

Accepted Answer

In law, a judicial order requiring that a prisoner be brought before a court at a specified time and place in order to determine the legality of the imprisonment (literally, "produce the body.")

Question 27

Arbitrary

Accepted Answer

Governed by indeterminate preference or whim rather than by settled principle or law.

Question 28

Quota

Accepted Answer

The proportion or share of a larger number of things that a samller group is assigned to contribute.

Question 29

Greeenback

Accepted Answer

United States paper currency, especially that printed before the establishment of the Federal Reserve System.

Question 30

Bond

Accepted Answer

In finance, an interest-bearing certificate issued by a government or business that guarantees repayment to the purchaser on a specified date at a predetermined rate of interest.

Question 31

Graft

Accepted Answer

The corrupt acquisition of funds. through outright theft or embezzling or through questionably legal methods like kickbacks or insider trading.

Question 32

Profiteer

Accepted Answer

One who takes advantage of a shortage of supply to charge excessively high prices and thus reap large profits.

Front	Back	Continued	Continued2
Hinton Helper	1875; book entitled 'Impending Crisis of the South' that stirred trouble. Attempted to prove that indirectly the non-slave holding whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery; the book was banned in the South but countless copies were	distributed as campaign material for republicans
John Brown	a militant abolitionist that took radical extremes to make his views clear. In May of 1856, Brown led a group of his followers to Pottawattamie Creek and launched a bloody attack against pro-slavery men killing five people. This began violent retaliation	against Brown and his followers. This violent attack against slavery helped give Kansas its nick name, "bleeding Kansas".
Charles Sumner	He was an unpopular senator from Mass., and a leading abolitionist. In 1856, he made an assault in the pro-slavery of South Carolina and the South in his coarse speech, "The Crime Against Kansas." The insult angered Congressmen Brooks of South Carolina.	Brooks walked up to Sumner's desk and beat him unconscious. This violent incident helped touch off the war between the North and the South.
Dred Scott	Scott was a black slave who had lived with his master for five years in Illinois and Wisconsin territory. He sued for his freedom on the basis of his long residence in free territory. The Dred Scott court decision was handed down by the Supreme Court on	March 6,1857. The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott was a black slave and not a citizen. Hence, he could not sue in a federal court. ( This part of the ruling denied blacks their citizenship and menaced the position of the South's free blacks.) The	The Court also ruled that the Compromise of 1820 was unconstitutional and that Congress could not ban slavery from the territories regardless of what the territorial legislatures themselves might want. The South was happy but Republicans pissed.
Roger Taney	He was Chief Justice for the Dred Scott case. A decision was made on March 6, 1857. Roger Taney ruled against Dred Scott. Scott was suing for freedom because of his long residence in free territory. He was denied freedom because he was property and his ow	his owner could take him into any territory and legally hold him as a slave. This court ruling was major cause in starting the Civil War.
John Breckinridge	John Breckinridge was the vice-president elected in 1856. Breckinridge was nominated for the presidential election of 1860 for the Southern Democrats. After Democrats split, the Northern Democrats would no longer support him. Breckenridge favored	the extension of slavery, but was not a Disunionist. Breckinridge also wanted to keep the Union together, but when the polls started he couldn't even get the votes of his own party.
John Bell	Nominated for presidency in 1860 by the Constitutional Union Party, which formed a split in the Union. He was a compromise candidate.	(blank)
Abraham Lincoln	nicknamed "Old Abe" and "Honest Abe"; born in Kentucky to impoverished parents and mainly self-educated; a Springfield lawyer. Republicans chose him to run against Senator Douglas (a Democrat) in the senatorial elections of 1858. Although he loss victory	to senatorship that year, Lincoln came to be one of the most prominent northern politicians and emerged as a Republican nominee for president. Although he won the presidential elections of 1860, he was a minority and sectional president (he was not	allowed on the ballot in ten southern states). Lincoln winning this election have South Carolinians an excuse to secede from the Union and caused the South to completely break off from the North.
John Crittenden	A Senator of Kentucky, that fathered two sons: one became a general in the Union Army, the other a general in the Confederate Army. He is responsible for the Crittenden Compromise. This augments the fact that the war was often between families, and its	absurdity. Kentucky and other states were split up between the Union and Confederacy, and both in the North and South sent people to the other side. This makes it clear that the war is primarily over slavery.
The Impending Crisis of the South	A book written by Hinton Helper. Helper hated both slavery and blacks and used this book to try to prove that non-slave owning whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery. The non-aristocrat from N.C. had to go to the North to find a publisher	that would publish his book.
Bleeding Kansas	Kansas was being disputed for free or slave soil during 1854-1857, by popular sovereignty. In 1857, there were enough free-soilers to overrule the slave-soilers. So many people were feuding that disagreements eventually led to killing in Kansas between	pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces.
American Know Nothing Party	Developed from the order of the Star Spangled Banner and was made up of nativists. This party was organized due to its secretiveness and in 1865 nominated the ex-president Fillmore. These super-patriots were antiforeign and anti-Catholic and adopted	the slogan "American's must rule America!" Remaining members of the Whig party also backed Fillmore for President.
Panic of 1857	The California gold rush increased inflation; speculation in land and railroads "ripped economic fabric"; hit the North harder than South because the South had cotton as a staple source of income; the North wanted free land from the government; drove	Southerners closer to a showdown; caused an increase in tariffs; gave Republicans an issue for the election of 1860.	(blank)
Lincoln-Douglas Debate	1858. Lincoln challenged Stephen Douglas to a series of 7 debates. Though Douglas won the senate seat, these debates gave Lincoln fame and helped him to later on win the presidency. These debates were a foreshadowing of the Civil War.	(blank)	(blank)
Freeport Doctrine	The Freeport Doctrine occurred in Freeport, Illinois during the debates of Lincoln and Douglas for senator. This was a question that Lincoln asked Douglas that made Douglas answer in such a way that the South would know that he was't truly supporting them	(blank)	(blank)
Harper's Ferry Raid	Occurred in October of 1859. John Brown of Kansas attempted to create a major revolt among the slaves. He wanted to ride down the river and provide the slaves with arms from the North, but he failed to get the slaves organized. Brown was captured.	The effects of Harper's Ferry Raid were as such: the South saw the act as one of treason and were encouraged to separate from the North, and Brown became a martyr to the northern abolitionist cause.	(blank)
Constitutional Union Party	also known as the "do-nothings" or "Old Gentlemen's" party; 1860 election; it was a middle of the road group that feared for the Union- consisted mostly of Whigs and Know-Nothings, met in Baltimore and nominated John Bell from Tennessee as candidate for	presidency-the slogan for this candidate was "The Union, the Constitution, and the Enforcement of the laws."	(blank)
balance of power	The distribution of political or military strength among several nations so that no one of them becomes too strong or dangerous.	"They could gleefully transplant to America their ancient concept of the balance of power."(p.435)	(blank)
moral suasion	The effort to move others to a particular course of action through appeals to moral values and beliefs, without the use of enticements or force.	"In dealing with the Border States, President Lincoln did no rely solely on moral suasion..."(p.437)	(blank)
martial law	THe imposition of military rule above or in place of civil authority during times of war and emergency.	"In Marlyland he declared martial law where needed..."(p.437)	(blank)
Ultimatum	A final proposal or demand, as by one nation to another, that if rejected, will likely lead to war.	"The London Foreign Office prepared an ultimatum..."(p.442)	(blank)
Loophole(d)	Characterized by small exceptions or conditions that enable escape from teh general rule or principle.	"These vessels were not warships within the meaning of the loopholed British law..."(p.442)	(blank)
Squadron	A special unit of warships assigned to a particular naval task.	"...they probably would have sunk the blockading squadrons..."(p.443)	(blank)
Arbitration	The settlement of a dispute by putting the mandatory decision in the hands of a third, neutral party."Mediation is using the services of a third party to promote negotiations and suggst solutions, but without the power of mandatory decision making.)	"It agreed in 1871 to submit the Alabama dispute to arbitration..."(p.443)	(blank)
Appropriation	A sum of moeny or property legally authorized to be spent for a specific purpose.	"He directed the secretary of the treasury to advance $2 million without appropriation...."(p.445)	(blank)
Habeas corpus	In law, a judicial order requiring that a prisoner be brought before a court at a specified time and place in order to determine the legality of the imprisonment (literally, "produce the body.")	"He suspended the precious privilege of the writ of habeas corpus..."(p.445)	(blank)
Arbitrary	Governed by indeterminate preference or whim rather than by settled principle or law.	"Jefferson Davis was less able than Lincoln to excercise arbitrary power..."(p. 445)	(blank)
Quota	The proportion or share of a larger number of things that a samller group is assigned to contribute.	"...with each state assigned a quota based on population."(p.445)	(blank)
Greeenback	United States paper currency, especially that printed before the establishment of the Federal Reserve System.	"Greenbacks thus fluctuated with the fortunes of Union arms...."(p.447)	(blank)
Bond	In finance, an interest-bearing certificate issued by a government or business that guarantees repayment to the purchaser on a specified date at a predetermined rate of interest.	"...the Treasury was forced to market its bonds through the private banking house of Jay Cooke and Company..."(p.447)	(blank)
Graft	The corrupt acquisition of funds. through outright theft or embezzling or through questionably legal methods like kickbacks or insider trading.	"But graft was more flagrant in the North than in the South..."(p.448)	(blank)
Profiteer	One who takes advantage of a shortage of supply to charge excessively high prices and thus reap large profits.	"One profiteer reluctantly admitted that his profits were 'painfully large.' " (p.448)	(blank)

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