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AP US HISTORY ch 3
| Question | |
|---|---|
| chesapeake region | unequal, unstable, short life, no family comforts, typhoid fever, malaria. 45 yr old life expectancy, tobacco based. spread out settlements, lived near rivers ( fertile soil, trad access) |
| virginia | royal colony. crown appoints governor who appoints council. Church of England |
| charles II 1639 | restored assembly in virginia. House of Burgesses which was 1st elected rep body in british north america. |
| Maryland | 1632 Lord Baltimore. Proprietors. Made for Catholics, mostly protestants. Virginia forfeited territory. introduced manners. Catholics could not worship in public, still had to pay Anglican church tax. |
| English Institution of Manors | Offered 2,000 acres for every 5 adults brought. in 1640, 20 adults were needed. (Maryland) |
| Act for Religious Toleration | Lord Baltimore (Maryland) second state after RI. DID NOT: help non-christians, didn't separate church and state, secure religious peace |
| protestants kept catholic from voting | protestants repealed toleration act,ousted stone. stone raised army-lost at battle of severn river. imprisoned stone. catholic leaders killed. Baltimore resumed power by Puritan Authorities |
| Maryland Economy | tobacco sharp demand, greatest killers were typhoid fever and malaria. life expectancy low. few neighbors (spread out) indentured servants, switched to slaves in 17th century |
| Virginia indentured servants | after set free 1 suit, year of free corn, hoe, ax, and 50 acres if paid and surveyed |
| Boeg Indians v.s. Farmers | Virginia, murdered 14 friendly susquehanners & leader. they retaliated and killed 14 settlers, violence became unstoppable. |
| Bacon's Rebellion April 1676 (war of extermination) | massacred friendly indians. Berkeley Granted.whites wanted more access to land. bacon organized foloowers to go after hostile natives. Peaceful natives. attacked jamestown after berkely called them back. forced berkely to leave. bacon dies |
| treaty of middle plantation 1677 | peace with indians and colonies. captives freed. land guaranteed to tribes. |
| Virginia Slaves | became slaves for life. children took parents status... slavery became hereditary and lifelong. |
| Great Migration | separitists puritans all migrated to new england. established mass. bay, new haven, conneticut, rhode island, they also went to plymouth |
| Society by John Winthrop "A model of Christian Charity" | John Winthrop(gov of mass bay). Rich & Poor serve eachother. Give up personal values for greater cause "city upon a hill, eyes of all people upon us" |
| New England | few indentured servants, no slaves, reciprocity, more materialistic, lumber, fish, fur, trade, ship builidng, rum. |
| New England Way | from puritan practices, strengthened authority over church, ignore anglicans. |
| Roger Williams 1631 | (separatist)found RI. seperate church and state & have religious tolerance. Winthrop banished him |
| Ann Hutchinson | criticized clergy judging on good works, disagreed wtih public testimonies, and believed clergies were not saved & they should not preach. winthrop imprisoned her. |
| charles imposed tax w/o parliament | civil war, puritans beheaded. |
| halfway covenant | if a childs parents were baptized, they could be baptized because fewer adn fewer were meeting the requirements to be saints |
| Conneticut Pequot War | war between colonists in conneticut and native americans who resisted the expansion of the colonists. |
| King Phillips War | Metacom(king PHillip) led wampanagos. mohawk & christian indians joined english against metacom. they won, metacom died. and indians stopped fighting expansion for now. population decreased for new england |
| salem witchcraft | gov. william phillip pardoned convicted. poor accusing wealthy. most accused women between 11-20. |
| West Indies | Dutch w/ portuguese had sugar methods for sugar cane. blacks did field work and indentured servants were artisans. 3x as many workers for sugar over tobacco .many left because of high prices to mainland |
| Carolina | King Charles II called on JOhn Locke who created Fundamental Constitution. rise was large and africans were immune to disease, and know how to grow rice. slave population rose |
| South Carolina economy | livestock, slaves |
| North Carolina Economy | tobacco, lumber, pitch |
| New Netherland | 1st multiethnical colon. no place of worship. |
| Beaver Wars 1648-1657 | iroquis had overhunted and needed more furs to trade with europeans. they drove out and took land from hurons/french allies |
| Keifts War | dutch prevailed over indians. |
| Peter Stuyvesant | accepted English annexation of sweden and netherland |
| Duke of York(james) | Royal colony of new york |
| Charles II gave William Penn PA | proprietor, quakers. strong executive branch. |
| Inner light | radical religious sects going for religious freedom. |
| Pueblo Revolt 1680 | most successful indian revolt. 1700 spanish got it back and removed encomtendas and alows pueblos to incorporate aspects of their relition into catholocism. |
| Spanish key motives for exploration | god, gold, glory |
| leading reason ... spreading catholicism through americas | creation of spanish missions in americas, built presidiou (forts to protect missions) some NA openly rejected, others publicly adopted but practiced own religion privately |
| 1565 St Augustine (present day Floridia) | 1st permanent european settlement in america. |
| Spain colonizes New Mexico 1598 | rely on Pueblo Indians. Created economlendas (where pueblos forced to grow corn, in exchange, spanish protected them from other tribes) |
| 1670 severe drought in new mexico | pueblos believe its punishment for putting cagolicism over traditional religion. many reingage in trad. religion and spanish come down harshly on them |
| Spanish Colonists | almost exclusively males. many native women and spanish men produced "mestizos" which were most accepted in spanish settlements |
| spanish mines | at height of production, 10x amount of gold and silver then rest of world mines.. used to fund wars |
| spanish eventually control | most of southwest u.s., texas, floridia, mexico, central america, and most of s.a. |
| French | sparsely colonized canada & miss. basin, fur traders, reciprocity with natives, sent missionaries to convert natives, rely on economic arrangments wtih natives and n.a. |
| jamestown by virg. company(joint stock company) 1607 | 1st permanent english settlement in NA, initially struggles, unwilling to work hard, John Smith takes control and organizes into work groups. helped by friendly relations with natives. smith goes back to england, colonies lazy again. 6males:1female |
| Starving Time | Fall 1609 Jamestown 400/500 die |
| John Rolfe | discovers new strain of tobacco, successful in Chesapeake climate, Virg becomes economically viable. |
| Headright System | encourages settlement by Virg. Company. every person gets 50 acres of land that you bring over |
| Indentured Servants | original working class. in exchange for passage to virg. work 4-7 years for whoever paid then free. |
| powhatans 1622 | attacked settlers killing 1/4 of population when more settlers came to virginia encroaching on their land |
| three tiered war | carolinas plan for settlement and government by john locke and anthony cooper |
| what aread did majorit of americans settle? | west indies |
| what labor switch did bacons rebellion bring | less indentured servants, more blacks to create a permanent upper class which would attach word free to whites |
| church in virginia and problem with clergy men | church of England(Anglican) Clergy men had to be taught in england so there was a shortage |
| maryland save haven for | catholics |
| led lord baltimore to draft act for religious toleration | dispute over city chapel with protestants and catholics- not successful |
| royal v.s. proprietary | directed by king v.s. king gives someone power to rule and make govt |
| more men in virginia | they were able to accomplish more and female widdows had more rich men to choose from |
| inheritance patters for widows in chesapeake v.s. england | 1/3 estate in england, could get complete control in chesapeake |
| increased use of slaves in mid to late 1600s | cheaper in long run, worked hard and knew how to grow rice well. wages when up in europe so less indentured servants as well as monopoly on slave trade |
| mass voting | every male adult church member opposed to having to own property |
| rhode island | first colony to truly embrace freedom of religion |
| new england establishing towns | to be close and settle together and so churchs could keep an eye out. |
| town meetings | provided direct democracry and greater say in local govt. |
| new england rapid population growth v.s. chesapeake | fewer diseases, better diet, variety of food, little travel, family units |
| new england society | profit motive made more materialistic and self centered |
| english settlement impact on ecosystem in new england | drier soil, less trees, less freshwater, indians lost resources, starting giving land as collateral |
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