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Chapter 8 Vocabulary
Chapter 8 Vocab-45 words
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Progressivism | Believed that new ideas and honest, efficient government could bring about social justice. |
| 2. Muckraker | (a tool to clean manure and hay out of animals stables.) writers who fascinated the ugliest side of things |
| 3. Lincoln Steffens | muckraker, manageing editor at McClure's, a magazine known for uncovering social problems. |
| 4. Jacob Riis | a photographer for the New York Evening Sun |
| 5. Social Gospel | Walter Rauschenbusch's book "Christianity and the Social Crisis." -outlined |
| 6. Settlement house | a community center that provided social services to the urban poor |
| 7. Jane Addams | a leading figure in the settlement house movement. |
| 8. direct primary | an election in which citizens themselves vote to select nominees for upcoming elections |
| 9. initiative | gave people the power to put a proposed new law directly on the ballet in the next election by collecting citizen's signatures on a petition |
| 10. referendum | allowed citizens to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature |
| 11. recall | gave voters the power to remove public servants from office before their terms ended |
| 12. Florence Kelley | believed that women were hurt by the unfair prices of goods they had to buy to run their homes |
| 13. National Consumers League (NCL) | gave special labels to "goods produced under fair, safe and healthy working conditions" and urged women to buy them and avoid products that did not have these labels |
| 14.temperance movement | led by the women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)promoted not drinking alcohol |
| 15. Margaret Sanger | thought that family life and women's health would improve if mothers had fewer children |
| 16. Ida B. Wells | a black teacher who helped form the National Association of Colored Women |
| 17. Carrie Chapman Catt | re-energized the National Suffrage |
| 18. National American Women Suffrage Assciation | group founded in 1890 that worked on both the state and national levels to earn women the right to vote |
| 19. Alice Paul | the activist's best known leader |
| 20. Nineteenth Admendment | the right to vote "shall not be denied or abridged on account of sex." |
| 21. Americanization | belief that assimilating immigrants into American Society would make them more loyal citizens |
| 22. Booker T. Washington | encouraged blacks to move slowly towards racial progress |
| 23. W. E. B. Du Bois | urged African Americans to demand immediatety all rights guaranteed by the constitution |
| 24. Niagara movement | denounced the idea of gradual progress |
| 25. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People | aimed to help African Americans be "physically free from peonage, mentally free from ignorance, politically free from disfranchisement and socially free from insult." |
| 26. Urban League | focused on poorer workers |
| 27. Anti-Defamation League | goal was and is to defend Jews and others against physical and verbal attacks, false statements and "to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens alike." |
| 28. Mutualistas | groups that made loans and provided legal assistance |
| 29. Theodore Roosevelt | became president in 1901 |
| 30. Square Deal | goal was to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business owners and the poor |
| 31. Hepburn Act | gave ICC strong enforcement powers |
| 32. Meat Inspection Act | provided Federal agents to inspect any meat sold across state lines and required Federal inspection of meatprocessing plants |
| 33. Pure Food and Drug Act | placed the same controls on other foods and on medicines |
| 34. John Muir | California naturalist, whose efforts had led Congress to create Yosemite National Park in 1890 |
| 35. Gifford Pinchot | led the Division of Forestry in the US Department of Agriculture. |
| 36. National Reclamation Act | gave the federal government the power to decide where and how water would be distributed |
| 37. New Nationalism | a program to restore the government's trust busting power |
| 38. Progressive Party | Progressives who left the Republican party |
| 39. Woodrow Wilson | Democratic candidate for the White House |
| 40. New Freedom | placed strict government controls on corporations |
| 41. Sixteenth Amendment | gave Congress the power to create a graduated income tax |
| 42. Federal Reserve Act | placed national banks under the control of a Federal Reserve Board, which set up regional banks to hold the reserve funds from commercial banks |
| 43. Federal Trade Commission | members of this group were named by the President to monitor business practices that might lead to monopoly |
| 44. Clayton Antitrust Act | strengthened earlier antitrust laws by spelling out those activities in which businesses could not engage |
| 45. suffrage | the right to vote |
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mkbaker
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