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AcidFast&Filamentous
lecture 16 greenberg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| scrofula | a mycobacterial infeection of the cervical LNs, often by M. tuberculosis complex organisms |
| characteristics of the Actinomycetes | slow-growing in culture, fungal-like colonial morphology (includes Mycobacteria, Nocardia, Actinomyces and Streptomyces) |
| 3 genera of bacteria that have waxy cell walls | Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Corynebacterium |
| PPD (purified protein derivative) | refined prep of heat-stable proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is used for skin testing/dx of TB infection |
| tuberculin | concentrated prep of sterilized culture filtrate of M. tuberculosis used in the past for skin testing |
| 2 factors that contribute to Mycobacteria's immunogenicity (they work as adjuvants) | wax D and cord factor |
| wax D | covalently-linked complex of stuff that can induce caseous necrosis and granuloma formation; might be what causes erythema & induration for (+) PPD tests |
| cord factor | factor secreted by Mycobacteria that allows them to make serpentine cords; very toxic to PMNs and induces granuloma formation |
| most major component of Mycobacterium walls | mycolic acids |
| type of technique required for staining Mycobacteria | acid-fast staining |
| 4 diagnostic modalities for mycobacterial infections | skin testing, PCR, staining and culture |
| method for acid fast staining (Ziehl-Neelsen) | 1) heat fix to slid 2) stain with boiling carbolfuschin 3) decolorize with 95% EtOH/3% HCl (acid alcohol) 4) counterstain with methylene blue |
| superficial skin dz in someone who cleans fish tanks at the pet store --> think what organism? | Mycobacterium marinum |
| Runyon Group 1 | photochromogens - make yellow pigment in the light, includes M. marinum |
| Runyon Group 2 | scotochromogens - make pigments in light or complete dark, includes M. scrofulaceum |
| Runyon Group 3 | nonchromophotogens - don't make any type of pigment, includes M. avium-intracellulaire complex |
| Runyon Group 4 | rapid growers, instead of taking 18-24 hours to double, they grow whole colonies within 7 days; includes M. abscessus-chelonae |
| WHO classification system of Hansen's dz | paucibacillary or multibacillary |
| Ridley-Jopling classification system | used to divide leprosy into tuberculoid (essentially paucibacillary) and lepromatous leprosies (essentially multibacillary) |
| 3 major syndromes associated with Actinomyces | orocervicofacial - "lumpy jaw" with ability to form fistulae to skin thoracic - pneumonia after aspiration abdominopelvic - masses around bowels/organs |
Created by:
sirprakes
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