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N. B. Sciences
sample questions for the National Board Exam science section
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a process of chemically treating the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms,, to retard organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable physical appearance is | embalmng |
| the irreversible cessation of all vital functions is | death |
| those changes occurring in the interval prior to somatic death are | antemortem |
| a sharp cutting instrument used for making incisions is the | scalpel |
| that consideration given to the dead body, prior to, during, and after the embalming procedure is complete is | case analysis |
| an imaginary line drawn on te surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper underlying structure is the | linear guide |
| injection and drainage from one locaton is called | one point injection |
| chemicals which inactivate saprophytic bacteria are called | preservative |
| the movement of embalming solution from the point of injection throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries is called | distribution |
| which of the following methods consists of injecting a few ounces of arterial chemical, then draining for a few minutes- each one separately? | alternate |
| which of the following direct treatments is usually accomplished by aspiration and injection? | cavity treatment |
| which one of the following is a term used to refer to the after-death examination of the organs and tissues of a body to deterine cause of death or pathological conditions? | postmortem |
| any abnormal color appearing in or upon the human body is called | POOP |
| for which of the following is it essential that hospitals and community services have a plan for the expeditious mobilization and use of their services? | Disaster |
| a needle injector is used | for mouth closure |
| cavity embalming consists of two phases, one of which is | aspiration |
| which of the following will normally be aspirated from the stomach? | hydrochloric acid |
| when death has been due to pnemonia, an embalmer should expect | thoracic congestion and increased blood viscosity |
| the formaldehyde standard for short-term exposure to formaldehyde is | 2ppm/15 min. |
| signs of death exibited by the eys of the deceased include | clouding of the cornea and flattening of the eyeball, loss of luster of the conjuctiva, and pupil dilation and non-response to light |
| another name for pleural effusion is | hydrothorax |
| cavity embalming consists of two steps, aspiration and | injection |
| proteolysis refers to decomposition of | protiens |
| which of the following condition s would requrie special attention during thoracic cavity embalming? | hydrothorax and hydropericardium |
| discoloration resulting when formaldehyde reacts with hemoglobin in the tissues is | formaldehyde grey |
| severe generalized edema is known as | anasarca |
| escape of blood serum from an intravascular location immediately before death is | agonal edema |
| low index fluids used to inhibit bilirubin are known as | jaundice fluids |
| chemicals that create an increased capability for embalmed tissues to retain their moisture are called | humectants |
| how many ounces of formaldehyde are contained in a 16 oz. bottle of 25 index arterial fluid? | 4 oz. |
| the care of the deceased to recreatd natural formand color is the definitino of | restorative art |
| the zygomaic process is a feature of wich of the following bones? | temporal |
| which one of the following is the bone of the face? | zygomatic |
| the verylarge muscle which covers the top and sides of the skull from occipital bone to eyebrows | occipitofrontalis |
| a crevice in the skin accompanied by adjacent elevations | furrow |
| the vertex of the cranium and the base of the chin are examples of | imaginary horizontal lines |
| which one of the following is a value, to the restorative artist, associated with the tree-quarter view photograph for restorative art purposes? | reveals degree of fullness of the cheeks |
| which one of the following is one of the basic linear form of facial profiles? | vertical |
| the comparison of the two sides of the face to observe the similarities and differences is refereed to as | bilateral |
| which one of the following is a means of softening wax to alter the wax consistency for restorative art procedures? | mixing with cream cosmetics |
| which of the followig are genrally involved in positioning of the ear? | zygomatic arch mandibular fossa, and external auditory meatus |
| which ne of the following is a gernarl profile classification for the nose from the root to the tip? | grecian |
| which one of the following is a type of prognathism? | maxillary |
| the eylids in natural repose | abut, do not overlap |
| theuse of an oxidizing chemical to removie stain or discoloration is called | bleaching |
| the original scientific standard of color is | the spectrum |
| which one of the following is one of the pigment cosmetics necessary to match all skin colors? | yellow |
| illumination with a dim light can increase the feeling of | comfort, warth, and satisfaction |
| facial restoration is required due to trauma. accurate dimensions for facial restoration can be established by means of | a photograph, classic proportions, mathematical calculations |
| the width of the face is proportionally equal to the distance between the base of the nose and the | normal hairline |
| which of the following stain rmovers would remove nicotine stains? | acetone |
| all of the following anatomical sructures can be used for accurate location of the ear except | supraorbital margins |
| the hue equence pink, rose, cherry is indicative of red that has been | tinted |
| whihc of the following conditions requiring restorative art is classified as traumatic? | laceration |
| a characteristic of first degree burns is | redness |
| tiny prominence on the midline of the superior mucous membrane is the | medial lobe |
| the determinative pigment of all races is | melanin |
| in what position are complementary ues found on the color wheel? | opposite each other |
| all of the following are parts of mandible except | angulus sulcus |
| what is the study of those life forms that require the aid of a mocroscope to be seen? | microbiology |
| what is the science of structure and form without regard to function? | morphology |
| bacteria typically reproduce by a process called | binary fission |
| the process of completely removing or destroying all microorganisms on a substance by exposure to chemical or physical agents, exposure to ionizing radiation, or by filtering gas or liquids through prous materials that remove microoganisms is called | sterilization |
| the stae or condition in which the body, or part of it, is invaded by a pathogenic agen that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects is called | infection |
| a substance that nduces the formation of antibodies that interact specifically with it is an | antigen |
| genus of the organism with pathogenicity of tetanus or lockjaw | clostridium |
| causative organism in primary atpical pnemonia is | mycoplasma |
| they differ from bacteria in that they arobligate parasites requiring living cells for growth, and differ from vruses in that they are retained by the berkefeld filter. they are | rickettsia |
| a genus of microorganism that causes a wide variety of diseases in man and animals, including ornithosis, lumphorgranuloma venereum, and trachoma is | shlamydia |
| a minute organism not visible with an ordinary light microscope is a | virus |
| which one of the following is not a fungal infection | giardasis |
| which one of the following is the causative orgnism in amebic dysentery? | entamoeba histolytica |
| a disease often associated with improperly cooked prok is called | trichinosis |
| viruses are unaffected by the action of | antibiotics |
| an organism that deeds on dead organic matter only is a | strict saprophyte |
| which of the following is true concerning a child who has been diagnosed with rubeola | acive immunity will be established |
| rickettsia rickettsii is | a tick-borne disease and known as rocky mountain spotted fever |
| which of the following are true of malignant neoplasms? | grows by infiltration and causes tissue gas |
| pneumococci usually leaves the body through the | nose and mouth |
| the study of the nature and cause of disease, which involves changes in structure and function is | pathology |
| pathological condition of the body that presents a group of clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory findings peculiar to it and that sets the condition apart as an abnormal entity differing from other normal or pathological body states is a | disease |
| deterioration or impariment of an organ is called | degeneration |
| deformity, abnormal shape or structure, especially a congenital abnormality is a | malformation |
| tissue reaction to injury is called | inflammation |
| a local or generalized condition in which the body tissues contain an excessive amount of tissue fluid is called | edema |
| a new and abnormal formation of tissue or gwoth is a | neoplasm |
| increase in number of leukocytes(above 10,000 per cu.) in blood, and generally caused by the presence of infection and usually trasient is called | leukocytosis |
| inflammation of the lining membrane of the heart is called | endocarditis |
| inflammation of the mouth is termed | stomatitis |
| inflammation of th enasal mucosa is called | rhinitis |
| diminished amount of urine formation is called | oliguria |
| a loss of function, either partial or complete, as that resulting from a blow or fall is termed a | concussion |
| an inflammation of the lining of the uterus is called | endometritis |
| inflammation of the testis due to trauma, metastasis, mumps, or infection elsewhere in the body is called | orchitis |
| a general tem for describing any disease process that results in reduction in themass of bone per unit of volume is | osteoporosis |
| a general term for diseases characterized by excissive urination is | diabetes |
| a disease that begins before birth and is evident at the time ofbirth is referred to as | congenital |
| a sudden increase in the severity of a disease is | an exacerbation |
| anasarca and hydrothorax are similar in that both | involve tissue fluids |
| any increase in red blood cells is called | erythrocytosis |
| an inflammatory condition related to the nervous system is | general paresis |
| excessve production of urine is known as | polyuria |
| a malignant tumor derived pricipally from connective tissue is a | sarcoma |
| which of the fllowing conditions would be caused by a thrombus as evidenced during embalming? | diminished distribution and intravascular resistance |
| a liquid containing a dissolved substance or substance is a | solution |
| formed from the partial oxidation of primary alcohol is | aldehyde |
| one of a class of complex compounds that occur naturallyin plants and animals and yield amino acids when hydrolyzed are the | protien |
| when used in arterial formulations eosine, ponceau red, and erythrosine are examples of | dyes |
| a poison of organic origin is | a toxin |
| a substance that prevents infection by killing baceria is classified as a | disinfectant |
| the number of oxygen atoms in the formula 2Al(OH)3 is | 6 |
| a 40% by volume solution of formaldehyde is called | formalin |
| the chmical grup that makes an alcohol molecule soluble in water and useful to the embalmer is | -OH |
| quaternary ammonium compounds are used widely as | germicides |
| accrdng to OSHA, the proper way to neutralize a formaldehyde spill is to | add ammonia, then wipe up |
| formaldehyde is an ingredient of embalming fluid used to | preserve tissue |
| an amine produced during putrefaction is | putrescine |
| formaldehyde in a dry powdered form is also known as | paraformaldehyde |
| the smallest particle of matter that enters into a chemical reaction is | an atom |
| a gram is equivalent to 1000 | milligrams |
| a substance that is capable f bringing about a reduction in the surface tension of a fluid | surfactant |
| which of the following are properties of formaldehyde | it is a colorless gas, soluble in water, and combines withwater to form methylene glycol |
| what it the structural formula of formaldehyde? | H-CHO |
| formaldehyde reacts with ammonia to form | urotropin |
| in comparing cavity fluid to arterial fluid, the cavity fluid will have | no ative dyes |
| polymerization of formaldehyde is inhibited by the addition of | methyl alcohol |
| reodroants are used in embalming fluids as | masking agents |
| phenol is used in embalming fluids as a | preservative |
| sodium citrate is use in embalming fluids as an | anticoagulant |
| the study of the tissues o the human body with the aid of a microscope is called | histoogy |
| a line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some more deeply lying structure is the | linear guide |
| which one of the following is one of the derivatives of the integumetary system | nails |
| the two divisions of the skeleton are | axial and appendicular |
| which one of the following is a term used to refer to the digestive tract | alimentary canal |
| which of the following is a hollow organ situated in the pelvic cavity posterior to the symphysis pubis | uninary bladder |
| the ovarian follicle is also known as | graafian follicle |
| respiration is broadly divided into which of th following two areas | external and internal |
| the study of the circlatory system is also known as | aniology |
| glands which carry out both endocirne and exocrine functions are referred to as | heterocrine |
| the study of the nervous system is called | neurology |
| the galea aponeurotica is the tnedon of which one of the following muscles | occipitofrontalis |
| the artery whcih supplies arterial solution directly into the thumb side of the hand is | radial |
| hoose the correct path that spermatozoa would ak as it laves he testes | epididymis, vas deferens, ejacularoty duct, urethra |
| what artery might you raise to inject theupper extremity below the cubital foss | radial |
| what cavity would the tip of the trocar be placed into the order to aspirate the urinary bladder | |
| which of the following muscles is found in the lower extemity | sartorius |
| which of the followng bones ar located within the cranium | temporal |
| which of the following bones are located within the bones of the face | maxilla |
| the buccinator muscle is also referred to as the | trumpeters muscle |
| which portion of the stomach is the most superior | fundus |
| the anatomical guide that lies lateral to the tendon of the flxor carpi ulnaris muscle descibes the | ulnar artery |
| after blood passes the mitral valve, it will be in the | left ventricle |
| the union of two arteries is called | anastomoses |
| what gland is part of the endocirne syste | adrenal |
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Hocker
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