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IntroToBacteriology
lecture 1 sperandio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| important characteristics of bacteria (prokaryotes) | lack an organized nucleus, histones, mitochondria, ER or lysosomes; 70S ribosome; possess only 1 chromosome |
| Spores don't undergo division, but ______, which produces _______. | germination; (from spore) a single vegetative cell with the power to divide |
| Mycoplasma are the only bacteria with chol or sterols in their PM. | |
| basic units of peptidoglycan layer in bacteria | NAG (n-acetylglucosamine) and NAM (n-acetylmuramic acid) |
| Although strong, the beta-1,4 linkage of peptidoglycan can be cleaved by? | lysozyme from saliva, tears and WBCs |
| D-AAs are only found in bacteria | |
| membrane teichoic acids | attached covalently to membrane glycolipids |
| wall teichoic acids | attached covalently by anchoring to NAM residues |
| only GP bacteria have teichoic acids | |
| the "major surface antigens" of GP bacteria that can elicit immune response in humans | teichoic acids |
| only GN bacteria have an outer membrane with only a thin peptidoglycan layer | |
| the "major antigenic determinant" in GN bacteria aka endotoxin | O-antigen of the LPS, important for serotyping and binding of bacterial phages |
| What is found in the periplasmic space? | hydrolytic enzymes or lysosomal-like enzymes, also beta-lactamases |
| distinguishing factor btwn "rough" and "smooth" appearance of GN colonies on agar | with O side chain = rough without = smooth |
| ligand for Toll-like receptors in GN bacteria | lipid A |
| 3 elements of the GN LPS | lipid A (toxic), core polysaccharide (constant within species) & O side chains |
| osmotically-sensitive sphere created when bacteria are stripped of their peptidoglycan using lysozyme | spheroplast - GN bacteria protoplast - GP bacteria [Proto - Positive] |
| bacteria that are "protoplast-like" | Mycoplasma (no peptidoglycan to begin with) |
| capsules are made of ______ and contain the _____ (antigenic determinant) | polysaccharides; K antigen |
| smooth - capsule+ rough - capsule- | |
| Flagella contain which antigenic determinants? | H-antigens |
| function of the F-pilus | conjugation tube that DNA passes through from one bacterium to another |
| peptidoglycan chains are crosslinked by a ________; this reaction is inhibited by the abx ______ | pentaglycine bridge; PCN |
Created by:
sirprakes
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