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MCA II L-pg 1-7
Oxygen Therapy
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the goal of oxygen therapy | to use the smallest possible to achieve the goal of therapy |
Example of patient who can not tolerate high levels of oxygen therapy | patients diagnosed with COPD |
What level of FiO2 that can cause oxygen toxicity ? | more than 50% for more than 48 hours known as Acute Lung Injury (ALI) |
What will happen to patient exposed to oxygen toxicity? | lung tissue will be damage |
How does oxygen transport to cell and tissues | oxygen binds with hemoglobin in the lungs which transport oxygen to the cell and tissues |
How does CO2 gets exhaled? | CO2 is brought back by hemoglobin and exchanged for oxygen in the lungs. |
What are the oxygen deficiency? | Hypoxemia and Hypoxia |
What is Hypoxemia ? | deficient oxygen levels in arterial blood. |
What is Hypoxia? | lack of oxygen at a tissue and cellular level |
What are CO2 problems? | Hypercapnia and Hypocapnia |
What is hypercapnia | too much CO2 in arterial blood |
What is hypocapnia? | too little CO2 in arterial blood |
What is FiO2 | Fraction of inspired oxygen, measured as a percentage to describe oxygen concentration delivery, |
What is Nasal Cannula? | simple and effective oxygen delivery device. |
How does nassal cannula causes dry mucous membrannes | when usage is more than 4L/min without humidification. |
What is the flow rate range of nasal cannula? | 1-6 L/min |
How much % of FiO2 nasal cannula delivers? | 24-44% FiO2 |
What is oxymizer | is similar to nasal cannula but provides a reservoir of oxygen. |
How much % of FiO2 can oxymizer delivers? | 24-60% FiO2 |
What is the flow rate range of oxymizer? | 1 - 15 L/min, it does not need humidification. |
What is simple face mask? | for short term use and advantageous for mouth breathers, but inhibits eating and drinking and mayy not be tolerated by people with claustrophobia. |
How much % of FiO2 can simple face mask delivers? | 40 - 60% FiO2 |
What is the flow rate range of simple face mask ? | 1 - 8L/min |
What is partial non-rebreather mask? | use for patients who need higher concentrations of oxygen. Also provides a reservoir of oxygen. |
How much % of FiO2 can partial non-rebreather mask delivers? | 60-95% FiO2 |
What is the flow rate range of partial non-rebreather mask ? | 6 - 10 L/min |
What is partial non-rebreather mask caution? | do not humidify as this will cause condensation build-up and decrease the functionality of the mask. The bag should be 2/3 inflated. |
What is non-rebreather mask? | similar to partial non-rebreather mask, but delivers highest concentration of oxygen without intubation with ETT or tracheostomy |
How much % of FiO2 can non-rebreather mask delivers? | 60-100% FiO2 |
What is the flow rate range of non-rebreather mask ? | 6 - 15 L/min |
What is venturi mask? | a face mask that delivers a specified amount of humidified oxygen with color coded adapters. |
How much % of FiO2 can venturi mask delivers? | 24-60% FiO2 |
What is the flow rate range of venturi mask ? | 4 - 12 L/min |
What is face tent? | a mask that delivers high concentrations of humidified oxygen |
How much % of FiO2 can face tent delivers? | 28-100% FiO2 |
What is the flow rate range of face tent ? | 8 - 12 L/min |
What is BiPAP? | bi-level positive airway pressure. It delivers oxygen using positive pressure ventilation during the inspiratory phase and lessens its positive pressure during the expiratory phase. |
What is CPAP ? | continuous positive airway pressure. Delivers continously without changing the level of pressure during both inspiratory and expiratory phases. |
What are the similarities of BiPAP and CPAP ? | non-invasive mask, can be both hospital and home use, can be use for COPD patients or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) |