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Biochem Lecture Self
WVSOM biocehm lecture 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lactose is made of | glucose/galactose |
| sucrose is made of | glucose/fructose |
| maltose is made of | glucose/glucose |
| Epimers only differ at | One Stereocenter, such as d-glucose and d-galactose |
| Only monosaccarides are absorbed in digestion | true |
| maltose is found in the | digestion of complex carbs and grains |
| sucrose is found in | fruits, table sugar,honey, processed foods |
| lactose | milk, dairy products |
| unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points in the saturated fatty acids due to . | kinks that are formed by the double bonds resulting in less stacking . |
| longer the fatty acid chain,________ the melting point. | higher . |
| Most Common Saturated Fatty Acids | long chain 12-20 carbons, even carbon #, saturated such as Palmitate (C16) and Stearate (C18) (mainly found in animal fat) |
| Most common unsaturated fatty acids | oleate(C18:1 at 19) linoleate(C18:2 at 9/12) linolenate (C18:3 9/12/15). |
| arachidonate, | C20:4 5,8,11,14, |
| Essential Fatty Acids | Linoleate and Linolenate, must be obtained from diet |
| Arachidonate is | not an essential fatty acid, C20:4 5,8,11,14 |
| Major acids produced by the body | phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, ketone bodies acetoacetic acid and B-hydroxybutyric acid, C02 is also produced which combines with H20 to form carbonic acid catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase |
| C02 + H20 -->H2C03 ---> H+ + HC03- | catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase |
| Acetazolamide blocks | carbonic anhydrase and is usedd to treat glaucoma and altitude sickness |
| The oxidation of glucose results in _________ and is done by ___________ | gluconic acid, glucose oxidase, which is what labs use on dipsticks to test for glucose in urine |
| Grey baby Syndrome | infants are unable to utilize oxidized glucose (glucoronic acid) to conjugate the drug chloramphenicol(antibiotic) results in high levels and toxicity |
| glucose is reduced to | sorbitol and galactitol, sorbitol does not readily diffuse out of cells, it accumulates and can result in osmotic damage, cataracts and neuropathy |
| Doctors can detect glucose in the urine using glucose oxidase dipstick tests, but what can they use to detect other sugars | REDUCING SUGAR TESTs |
| Reducing sugar tests pick up what sugars | Sucrose, galactose and fructose |
| Glycine | amino acid with no side chain, functions as inhibitory neurotransmitter and inhibited by strychnine |
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