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OGT-SS Terms
Terms for use in the Social Studies OGT
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Federal Reserve | The central Bank of the United States |
| Enlightenment | 18th century intellectual movement that said government was in place to protect rights of people |
| Divine Right | belief that monarchs were put in power by "God" |
| Absolute monarchy | Monarchs have absolute power over people's rights, all laws, etc. |
| money supply | amount of money in circulation in the US at any time |
| reserve requirement | % of deposits banks must keep on hand and not lend out |
| inflation | when prices keep rising faster than wages |
| Progressive Era | the Progressives were reacting to all the abuses of industrialization in America; wanted to improve peoples' lives |
| legislation | laws |
| command market | when the Government is in control of what products are made by companies |
| market economy | buyers choose what they want to purchase (supply and demand - iPhone)- not controlled by govt. |
| traditional economy | usually found in small communities where things are produced and distributed the way they always have been - not many of these left |
| mixed economy | mixture of all types of economies; most economies today are mixed |
| primary source | information that is written or drawn by someone who was present when an event happened (most credible) |
| secondary source | information written or drawn by someone who was NOT present when an event happened, but got the information from somewhere else |
| consequence | effect, result of something |
| Homestead Act | use to encourage settlement in the Great Plains, it offered free land to anyone who would live on it and farm it for 5 years |
| dictatorship | government run by a dictator; usually acquires power/position by force (Fidel Castro) |
| industrialization | developing industry in a country on a large scale |
| NOW | National Organization for Women - sought for more rights (employment and voting) for women |
| freedom of enterprise | Business governed by the laws of supply and demand , not restrained by government interference |
| common good | what is good (or in the best interest) of the greater number of people |
| Marshall Plan | large-scale program to send $$ to Europe to help rebuild after WWII (idea was to contain spread of Communism) |
| Truman Doctrine | policy put in place by Harry Truman that said we would support (economically & with our military) those countries (Greece and Turkey) that didn't want to be taken over as long as they turned away from Communism |
| Cold War | state of political conflict and military tension (but not actual war) between US and Soviet Union from 1947 - 1991 |
| détente | friendship |
| Arms Race | period during the early Cold War when there was a competition between the US and Soviet Union to be first to create nuclear arms |
| Space Race | During the Cold War, the time during which US and Soviet Union were rushing to be the first to put rockets into space |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization (block of countries who agree to defend each other in response to an attack by outside countries) |
| Warsaw Pact | response to NATO - made up of 8 communist states in who agreed to defend each other in times of attack) |
| democracy | a system of government by the whole population; officials are elected |
| theocracy | a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God |
| Communism | a society where all property is publicly owned and each person is paid according to needs and abilities |
| partition | the division of a country into parts |
| apartheid | a policy of racial segregation previously practiced in South Africa involving discrimination of non-whites |
| reunification | to cause a group, party, state or sect to become unified again after being divided |
| NAACP | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People |
| United Farm Workers (UFW) | founded by Cesar Chavez in mid-60's; led non-violent protests for better wages and hours for Mexican workers |
| National Organization for Women (NOW) | Founded in 1966 by Betty Friedan; wanted equal pay and job opportunities and attacked false images of women in the media |
| genocide | the deliberate killing of a large group of people (usually of a particular ethnic group) |
| urban | relating to a characteristic of a city or town |
| rural | relation to a characteristic of the country, or countryside rather than a town |
| urbanization | to make or become urban |
| suburbs | an outlying district of a city, usually residential |
| tariff | a tax or duty to be paid on imports or exports |
| trade deficit | how much a country's imports exceeds its exports |
| quota | a fixed number (or amount) of people or things |
| blockade | the act of sealing off a place to prevent goods from coming in or going out |
| trade surplus | the amount by which a country's exports exceeds the cost of its imports (making more money on products going out than paying for products coming in) |
| gross domestic product | total value of goods produced (or services provided) in one year |
Created by:
dstreack
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